Evolution and Outlook of Resource Allocation Mechanism in the Age of Internet

In today's society, the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence are being integrated and the mechanisms of resource allocations are also evolving, mainly because of the changes in background factors, means, and processes that influence resource allocation. To analyze and study this evolution, we need to combine resource allocation, industrial organization, and industrial regulation theories to determine the driving and restricting factors new technologies bring to business-to-business and business-to-consumer interactions and how the combination of internet, big data and AI will impact productivity and pricing. We must also analyze the differences between today's supply-demand and pricing processes and those of the industrial age to discover whether there are special resource allocation mechanisms in this era and how to summarize them theoretically. This paper reviews the evolved resource allocation mechanisms at the present stage of the integration of the Internet, big data and AI based on resource allocation theories from classical Marxian, neoclassical, and modern western economics.

大数据革命与经济学创新

人类从依据不完全信息的理性选择模式,走向试图从大数据中获取完全信息的理性选择模式,这一过程是大数据广泛运用的结果,它标志着一场由人工智能引发而波及经济、政治、文化和思想意识形态领域的大数据革命的到来。大数据革命包括宽泛的内容,涉及云平台、云计算、机器学习、移动互联网、物联网、区块链等人工智能技术的融合。由于大数据革命有可能给人类提供完全信息和准确信息,因而对于经济学理论具有颠覆性。主流经济学的基础理论以及与此相关的应用理论都是建立在不完全信息之上的,如果人类能够得到完全信息和准确信息,现有经济学理论将出现危机而需创新。文章拟结合现阶段大数据的应用,分析理性选择理论、资源配置理论、产业组织理论、产业规制理论、宏观调控理论的创新。文章重点说明了当人类决策的信息基础发生变化时,经济学创新方向和途径的变化,力图勾勒大数据革命背景下的经济学创新图景。

互联网时代厂商投资经营的网络协同化

经济学关于厂商投资经营的分析和研究以厂商理论为基础,厂商理论经由新古典经济学的生产函数发展到现代经济学的交易成本理论,是经济学从黑板走向现实的学术反映。随着互联网应用扩张,大数据正在促动厂商的投资经营形成网络协同化,经济理论研究将面临以下课题:如何解释现阶段网络协同化的新科技基础,如何理解网络协同化形成及机理构成,如何解析网络协同化对厂商投资经营的影响,如何解读网络协同化的未来发展。经济学家研究这些课题有助于发展厂商理论,这些课题是互联网时代厂商理论建构的重要内容。我们通过分析以上问题来探讨厂商投资经营的网络协同化,并据此对大数据、互联网和人工智能等融合背景下的厂商投资经营作出一些理论描述,可以粗线条地勾勒出互联网时代厂商投资经营在流通领域的活动轨迹。