桑叶粉对海绵蛋糕品质及质构性质的影响

小麦粉中添加桑叶粉进行复配,制成桑叶海绵蛋糕,分别考察不同桑叶粉添加量(2%、4%、6%、8%)和桑叶粉粒径(60、120、180、240目)对桑叶海绵蛋糕品质及其质构性质的影响。结果表明,添加桑叶粉会阻碍蛋糕面糊面筋网络结构的形成,影响蛋糕的持水性,从而影响蛋糕的品质。综合各项参数,制备桑叶海绵蛋糕的最佳桑叶粉添加量为6%,最佳桑叶粉粒径为180目。

Synergistic Effect of Adjuvants on Clomazone

Adjuvants have the potential to improve the weed control efficacy of herbicides. The synergistic effects of different types of adjuvants on clomazone and the safety of soybean were studied systematically by bioassay, instrumental analysis and field trial methods. The results showed that the five different types of adjuvants all differentially enhanced the herbicidal effects of clomazone;the compound adjuvant had the best synergistic effect on clomazone, and the plant control effect and the fresh weight control effect of clomazone on weeds could be increased by 24.2% and 24.11%, respectively. Through the study of the physical properties of the solution, the results showed that the adjuvants reduced the surface tension by 15.66%-33.23%, increased the expansion diameter by 11.56%-63.19%, reduced the contact angle by 8.40%-71.49%, and shortened the drying time by 3.1%-37.75%. Among the adjuvant options, the compound adjuvant exhibited the best effect, reducing the surface tension by 26.03%-33.23%, increasing the expansion diameter by 39.81%-63.19%, reducing the contact angle by 33.22%-71.49%, and shortening the drying time by 28.85%-37.75%. All the adjuvants had no significant effect on soybean plant height and yield and were safe for soybean. The reasonable development and application of adjuvants in China’s agricultural practices had good practical basis and significant value.

不同类型助剂对除草剂硝磺草酮的增效作用研究

通过生物试验结合仪器分析的方法,研究不同类型助剂对除草剂硝磺草酮的增效及相关机制和对玉米的安全性。结果表明,5种助剂均能改变药液物理性状,提高硝磺草酮对玉米田杂草的防效。添加助剂后硝磺草酮药液稳定性增加、药液液滴表面张力和接触角降低、药液黏度提高是其杂草防除效率提升的主要物理机制。液相色谱分析证明,助剂对硝磺草酮在苘麻叶片上的吸收增量排序为新型复合类油剂>新型复合类水剂>有机硅类助剂>非离子表面活性剂>油类助剂。5种供试助剂中,新型复合类油剂、水剂对药液性状影响最显著,与对照相比,显著增加在苘麻叶片上的吸收量129.74%~176.59%、112.87%~147.63%;对玉米田间杂草增效作用最明显,提高21.05%~22.24%;对玉米各阶段生长发育有显著促进作用,最终提高产量15.85%~17.38%。