目的本共识的制定旨在为肿瘤重症患者合并呼吸衰竭的临床处理中常见问题提供基于临床证据的推荐意见。方法采用人群、干预、比较和预后(Population,Intervention,Comparison,and Outcome,PICO)原则对肿瘤重症患者呼吸衰竭的诊断和处理提...目的本共识的制定旨在为肿瘤重症患者合并呼吸衰竭的临床处理中常见问题提供基于临床证据的推荐意见。方法采用人群、干预、比较和预后(Population,Intervention,Comparison,and Outcome,PICO)原则对肿瘤重症患者呼吸衰竭的诊断和处理提出6个重要临床问题,基于文献检索和证据整合形成推荐意见。采用推荐意见分级评价、制定与评估(Grading of Recommendation Assessment,Development and Evaluation,GRADE)的方法讨论每个问题并经专家组讨论后形成共识意见。结果共识专家组形成了如下推荐意见。强推荐:(1)宏基因组二代测序可能有助于临床医师快速诊断合并呼吸衰竭的肿瘤重症患者的肺部感染;(2)体外膜肺(Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation,ECMO)不作为合并急性呼吸窘迫综合征的肿瘤重症患者常规挽救方案,多学科会诊后高选择性患者可能受益于ECMO治疗;(3)与标准化疗相比,免疫检查点抑制剂治疗增加肿瘤患者肺毒性的发生率;(4)接受机械通气的肿瘤患者如预计通气时间超过14天,早期气管切开可能使患者获益;(5)高流量氧疗和无创通气可以作为肿瘤合并呼吸衰竭的重症患者的一线氧疗方案。弱推荐:(6)对于癌肿压迫所致呼吸衰竭的肿瘤重症患者,如多学科会诊后考虑肿瘤对于药物潜在敏感,可采用紧急化疗作为挽救治疗。结论基于已有证据形成的推荐意见可指导肿瘤合并呼吸衰竭患者的诊断和治疗并改善预后。展开更多
Background： Over the years, the mechanical ventilation （MV） strategy has changed worldwide. The aim of the present study was to describe the ventilation practices, particularly lung-protective ventilation （LPV）, ...Background： Over the years, the mechanical ventilation （MV） strategy has changed worldwide. The aim of the present study was to describe the ventilation practices, particularly lung-protective ventilation （LPV）, among brain-injured patients in China. Methods： This study was a multicenter, 1-day, cross-sectional study in 47 Intensive Care Units （ICUs） across China. Mechanically ventilated patients （18 years and older） with brain injury in a participating ICU during the time of the study, including traumatic brain injury, stroke, postoperation with intracranial tumor, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, intracranial infection, and idiopathic epilepsy, were enrolled. Demographic data, primary diagnoses, indications for MV, MV modes and settings, and prognoses on the 60th day were collected. Multivariable logistic analysis was used to assess factors that might affect the use of LPV. Results： A total of 104 patients were enrolled in the present study, 87 （83.7%） of whom were identified with severe brain injury based on a Glasgow Coma Scale 〈8 points. Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation （SIMV） was the most frequent ventilator mode, accounting for 46.2% of the entire cohort. The median tidal volume was set to 8.0 ml/kg （interquartile range [IQR], 7.0-8.9 ml/kg） of the predicted body weight; 50 （48.1%） patients received LPV. The median positive end-expiratory pressure （PEEP） was set to 5 cmH20 （IQR, 5-5 cmH20）. No PEEP values were higher than 10 cmH20. Compared with partially mandatory ventilation, supportive and spontaneous ventilation practices were associated with LPV. There were no significant differences in mortality and MV duration between patients subjected to LPV and those were not. Conclusions： Among brain-injured patients in China, SIMV was the most frequent ventilation mode. Nearly one-half of the brain-injured patients received LPV. Patients under supportive and spontaneous ventilation were more likely to receive LPV.展开更多
文摘目的本共识的制定旨在为肿瘤重症患者合并呼吸衰竭的临床处理中常见问题提供基于临床证据的推荐意见。方法采用人群、干预、比较和预后(Population,Intervention,Comparison,and Outcome,PICO)原则对肿瘤重症患者呼吸衰竭的诊断和处理提出6个重要临床问题,基于文献检索和证据整合形成推荐意见。采用推荐意见分级评价、制定与评估(Grading of Recommendation Assessment,Development and Evaluation,GRADE)的方法讨论每个问题并经专家组讨论后形成共识意见。结果共识专家组形成了如下推荐意见。强推荐:(1)宏基因组二代测序可能有助于临床医师快速诊断合并呼吸衰竭的肿瘤重症患者的肺部感染;(2)体外膜肺(Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation,ECMO)不作为合并急性呼吸窘迫综合征的肿瘤重症患者常规挽救方案,多学科会诊后高选择性患者可能受益于ECMO治疗;(3)与标准化疗相比,免疫检查点抑制剂治疗增加肿瘤患者肺毒性的发生率;(4)接受机械通气的肿瘤患者如预计通气时间超过14天,早期气管切开可能使患者获益;(5)高流量氧疗和无创通气可以作为肿瘤合并呼吸衰竭的重症患者的一线氧疗方案。弱推荐:(6)对于癌肿压迫所致呼吸衰竭的肿瘤重症患者,如多学科会诊后考虑肿瘤对于药物潜在敏感,可采用紧急化疗作为挽救治疗。结论基于已有证据形成的推荐意见可指导肿瘤合并呼吸衰竭患者的诊断和治疗并改善预后。
文摘Background： Over the years, the mechanical ventilation （MV） strategy has changed worldwide. The aim of the present study was to describe the ventilation practices, particularly lung-protective ventilation （LPV）, among brain-injured patients in China. Methods： This study was a multicenter, 1-day, cross-sectional study in 47 Intensive Care Units （ICUs） across China. Mechanically ventilated patients （18 years and older） with brain injury in a participating ICU during the time of the study, including traumatic brain injury, stroke, postoperation with intracranial tumor, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, intracranial infection, and idiopathic epilepsy, were enrolled. Demographic data, primary diagnoses, indications for MV, MV modes and settings, and prognoses on the 60th day were collected. Multivariable logistic analysis was used to assess factors that might affect the use of LPV. Results： A total of 104 patients were enrolled in the present study, 87 （83.7%） of whom were identified with severe brain injury based on a Glasgow Coma Scale 〈8 points. Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation （SIMV） was the most frequent ventilator mode, accounting for 46.2% of the entire cohort. The median tidal volume was set to 8.0 ml/kg （interquartile range [IQR], 7.0-8.9 ml/kg） of the predicted body weight; 50 （48.1%） patients received LPV. The median positive end-expiratory pressure （PEEP） was set to 5 cmH20 （IQR, 5-5 cmH20）. No PEEP values were higher than 10 cmH20. Compared with partially mandatory ventilation, supportive and spontaneous ventilation practices were associated with LPV. There were no significant differences in mortality and MV duration between patients subjected to LPV and those were not. Conclusions： Among brain-injured patients in China, SIMV was the most frequent ventilation mode. Nearly one-half of the brain-injured patients received LPV. Patients under supportive and spontaneous ventilation were more likely to receive LPV.
