Water requirement pattern for tobacco and its response to water deficit in Guizhou Province

The water requirement pattern for tobacco（Yun 85） was identified based on analysis of data obtained from pot experiments in a canopy at the Xiuwen Irrigation Test Central Station in Guizhou Province, China. The results showed that the tobacco water requirement and the tobacco water requirement intensity throughout the growth period in pot experiments were significantly lower than those in field production. In pot experiments, the tobacco water requirement throughout the growth period ranged from 159.00 to 278.90 mm, with a reduction in the range of241e441 mm, as compared with that in field production. Also, the average water requirement intensity at the vigorous growing stage was1.97 mm/d, and the water requirement and water requirement module were 33.80e72.60 mm and 16.39%e33.09%, respectively, at the group stage, almost equal to their values at the vigorous growing stage. The patterns of the tobacco water requirement and water requirement module in pot experiments were different from those in field production. In pot experiments, the tobacco water requirement and water requirement module ranked the highest at the mature stage, followed by those at the group/vigorous growing and rejuvenation stages, while the water requirement intensity ranked the highest at the vigorous growing stage, followed by those at the mature, group, and rejuvenation stages. The pattern of the water requirement intensity in pot experiments was consistent with that in field production. In addition, the response of the tobacco water requirement to water deficit was also analyzed. Serious water deficit at the vigorous growing stage and continuous water stress at the group,vigorous growing, and mature stages can greatly influence the tobacco water requirement. Water deficit led to reductions in the water requirement and water requirement intensity at each growth stage. The vigorous growing stage exhibited the highest sensitivity to water deficit.The lower limit of moderate soil water stress at the vigorous growing stage was 65% of the field capacity. Results of this study can help to establish a reasonable irrigation schedule for tobacco production in Guizhou Province, China.

Abnormality in coronary slow flow phenomenon detected by nailfold microcirculation microanalysis

To the Editor:The coronary slow flow phenomenon(CSFP)was first reported by Tambe et al in 1972.[1]Specifically,patients suffering from chest pain but without significant coronary artery lesion,displayed slow coronary blood flow during coronary angiography examination,which could lead to myocardial ischemia,acute myocardial infarction,and acute coronary syndrome.The development of CSFP has been reported to be around 7%in patients with suspected coronary heart disease.[2]The common clinical symptoms during CSFP include slow opacification of distal parts of normal epicardial coronary arteries in the absence of ventricular dysfunction,connective tissue disorder,valvular heart diseases,and coronary spasm or ectasia.Nowadays,the identification of the CSFP is achieved through coronary angiography by thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI)flow grade.The corrected TIMI frame count(CTFC)is a very common,simple,and repeatable method used for the quantification of the coronary flow.[3]