Endophthalmitis in silicone oil-filled eye: A case report

BACKGROUND Endophthalmitis occurring in silicone oil-filled eyes is a very rare occurrence,with reported incidence rates ranging between 0.07%and 0.039%.Traditional methods of management of infectious endophthalmitis include the removal of silicone oil,washout of the vitreous cavity,administration of intravitreal antibiotics,and reinjection of silicone oil.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report the case of a 39-year-old man with unilateral endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade.Intravitreal injections of full-dose antibiotics and anterior chamber washout were used to treat the patient.No signs of retinal toxicity were observed during the follow-up period.CONCLUSION Intravitreal full-dose antibiotic injections and anterior chamber washout are promising alternatives to traditional therapies for endophthalmitis in silicone oilfilled eyes.

农业政策性金融机构支持绿色发展的实践与思考

良好生态环境是民之所愿,是人民共有财富,是全面建成小康社会的重要体现。农业政策性金融机构支持绿色发展是职责所在、使命所系。本文首先分析农业政策性金融机构支持绿色发展的必要性与重要性,接着以农发行江苏省分行为例,梳理总结农业政策性金融机构打造“绿色银行”品牌、支持绿色发展的实践探索,在此基础上提出进一步支持绿色发展的对策建议。

Real-world outcomes of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for retinal vascular vein occlusion in Tibet,China

AIM: To evaluate the outcomes of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor(anti-VEGF) agents for patients with retinal vein occlusion(RVO) related-macular edema(ME) in Tibetan.METHODS: A retrospective, observational, single-center study. The demographic and clinical data of 90 RVO Tibetan patients(93 eyes) treated with either ranibizumab or conbercept in Tibet Autonomous Region People’s Hospital from Jan 2018 to December 2019 were collected.RESULTS: The mean patient age was 56.8±10.6y, 45(50%) of them were female. The mean living altitude was 3867.8±567.9 m. At the last visit, the best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) significantly increased(52.2±21.8 letters) in comparison with the baseline(38.2±24.1 letters, P<0.001);while the central retinal thickness(CRT) significantly reduced(245.5±147.6 μm) in comparison with the baseline(504.1±165.2 μm, P<0.001). The 43.0% of the eyes gained≥15 letters, 60.2% of the eyes gained ≥10 letters, and 78.5% of the eyes gained ≥5 letters. No vision loss was noted in 92.5% of the eyes, 4 eyes lost more than 10 letters during follow-up period. The mean number of injections was 2.4±1.8. No severe ocular or systemic adverse events related to either the drug or injection were noted.CONCLUSION: Anti-VEGF therapy is effective and safe in Tibetan patients for the treatment of RVO related ME.

Systemic combined with intravitreal methotrexate for relentless placoid chorioretinitis:A case report

BACKGROUND We describe a case of relentless placoid chorioretinitis(RPC)that progressed despite administration of peribulbar and systemic corticosteroids,and was resolved by systemic combined with intravitreal methotrexate.CASE SUMMARY A 16-year-old male reported painless blurred vision and a temporal scotoma in his right eye for one week.Due to widespread distribution and continuous enlargement,multimodal imaging of the lesions led to the diagnosis of RPC.Lesions in the right eye extended despite peribulbar injection of triamcinolone acetonide,but the progression was immediately terminated by a single dose of intravitreal methotrexate.A new fresh lesion occurred in the contralateral eye despite systemic prednisolone but was resolved by oral methotrexate.CONCLUSION Systemic immunosuppressants should be given upon RPC diagnosis.Intravitreal methotrexate immediately halted progression and may be considered for sightthreatening cases as part of the initial therapy.

Mg/Al complex oxides-A new type of solid basic catalyst for epoxidation

Hydrotalcites known as anionic clays are found in nature. Hydrotalcites, hydrotalcite-like compounds, and calcined hydrotalcites (as mixed or complex oxides) as highly active, selective catalysts play an important role in many base/catalyzed reactions. Mg/Al hydrotalcite (MAH) as precursor was used to prepare Mg/Al metal complex oxides (MAO), used as epoxidation catalysts in the current research. In this paper, some primary physical and catalytic properties of MAH and MAO were investigated. The results indicated that the qualified MAH (Mg/Al mol ratio of 3) can be achieved when the suspension was crystallized under 80°C for 16h, and after being filtered, dried at 100 °C for 5h in a oven. MAO was prepared by calcining MAH for 4h in a muffle furnace, and calcination temperature was determined to be 500 °C by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Crystal structure and parameters of MAH and MAO were characterized by X/ray diffraction (XRD), good crystal structure was observed and typical peaks of MAH were detected when 2θ was at 11.5 (003), 23.0 (006), 35.0 (009), and 61.0 (110), respectively. The morphology of calcined precursor, i.e. MAO, was investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM);the finer lamellar structure and smaller average size of 3μm was observed. Molding research was performed and confirmed by SEM, the results indicated that the surface bulge and cavity with size of several micrometers were increased, which simultaneously suggested the increasing of specific surface area. The catalytic activity of molding MAO was finally examined by using octanol as starting reagent and ethylene oxide as reactant, and narrower molecular distribution was observed comparing with the traditional catalyst-KOH.

Research progress between gut microbiota, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease

In recent years, gut microbiota has become one of the hot spots of research. A large number of studies have shown that gutmicrobiota are closely related to a variety of diseases. Diabetes and chronic kidney disease as a multifactorial cause are also affected by the gutmicrobiota. Inthefuture, gut microbiota may become a new therapeutic strategy. This article focuses on the relationship between gutmicrobiota and diabetes and chronic kidney disease, and reviews its research progress in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes and chronic kidney disease.

胃癌发病风险评分对早期胃癌诊断价值研究(附74例分析)

目的评价以检测胃蛋白酶原和胃泌素17为基础的各种胃癌风险评分系统对于早期胃癌发生风险的预测价值。方法收集安徽医科大学附属第一医院2018年4月至2018年10月144例患者,其中早期胃癌74例,对照组(非胃癌住院患者)70例。空腹检测血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ、Ⅱ及胃泌素-17、幽门螺杆菌抗体水平。按照日本ABC法、改良ABC法及中国新型胃癌评分系统对患者进行评分。比较三种评分系统对于胃癌发生风险预测的准确性。结果与对照组相比,两组间PG水平差异无明显统计学意义,胃癌患者血清G-17水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。ABC法中,ABCD四组人群胃癌的发生率分别为:48.6%、59.4%、0.0%、100%;改良ABC法中三组人群胃癌的发生率分别为57.6%、35.9%、50%;新型胃癌评分系统以11分作为诊断胃癌的最佳临界值,其敏感度、特异度、准确性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为64.8%、71.4%、68.1%、70.6%、65.8%。但在低风险人群中,有26例(35.1%)为胃癌患者。比较低风险和中高风险胃癌人群,发现在低风险人群中,女性较多。结论日本ABC法和改良ABC法对胃癌的筛查价值有限,不适用于中国国情。中国新型胃癌评分系统对胃癌的筛查效能较上述两种方案明显提高,但对于女性低风险患者应提高警惕。

西格列他钠与西格列汀单药治疗2型糖尿病患者的随机、双盲、Ⅲ期临床试验(CMAS)

西格列他钠(Chiglitazar,CGZ)是新型过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)全激动剂,在针对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的前期探索性临床研究中已初步显示良好的疗效与安全性特征.本Ⅲ期临床试验比较CGZ与西格列汀(SGT)在经生活方式控制血糖不佳的T2DM患者中的有效性和安全性.患者随机(1:1:1)接受CGZ 32 mg(n=245)、CGZ 48 mg(n=246)或SGT 100 mg(n=248)治疗24周.CGZ 32 mg组、48 mg组与SGT 100 mg组在主要疗效终点指标——24周糖化血红蛋白(HbA_(1c))较基线变化值上分别为-1.40%、-1.47%和-1.39%,CGZ两组与SGT组为非劣效.CGZ具有更强降低空腹和餐后2 h血糖及空腹胰岛素的趋势.三组总体不良事件发生率相似,CGZ 48 mg组轻度水肿略增加,CGZ两组均有轻度体重增加.试验结果表明,西格列他钠对生活方式控制血糖不佳的T2DM患者具有总体良好的疗效和安全性,为这一PAR全激动剂治疗T2DM提供了确证性临床试验证据.

The heterogeneity of islet autoantibodies and the progression of islet failure in type 1 diabetic patients

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is heterogeneous in many facets. The patients suffered from type 1 diabetes present several levels of islet function as well as variable number and type of islet-specific autoantibodies. This study was to investigate prevalence and heterogeneity of the islet autoantibodies and clinical phenotypes of type 1 diabetes mellitus; and also discussed the process of islet failure and its risk factors in Chinese type 1 diabetic patients. A total of 1,291 type 1 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study. Demographic information was collected. Laboratory tests including mixed-meal tolerance test, human leukocyte antigen alleles, hemoglobin A1 c, lipids, thyroid function and islet autoantibodies were conducted. The frequency of islet-specific autoantibody in newly diagnosed T1 DM patients(duration shorter than half year) was 73% in East China. According to binary logistic regressions, autoantibody positivity, longer duration and lower Body Mass Index were the risk factors of islet failure. As the disease developed, autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase declined as well as the other two autoantibodies against zinc transporter 8 and islet antigen 2. The decrease of autoantibodies was positively correlated with aggressive beta cell destruction. Autoantibodies can facilitate the identification of classic T1 DM from other subtypes and predict the progression of islet failure. As there were obvious heterogeneity in autoantibodies and clinical manifestation in different phenotypes of the disease, we should take more factors into consideration when identifying type 1 diabetes mellitus.