用水权交易促进节水产业发展的对策研究

在水资源短缺挑战愈发严峻的背景下,充分发挥用水权市场化交易和节水产业发展的协同作用,对提升水资源节约集约利用能力、应对水资源短缺具有重要意义。系统分析了用水权交易与节水产业的互动关系,梳理了全国用水权交易市场现状及其促进水资源节约集约利用的情况,在此基础上,针对节水产业发展现状,总结分析了用水权交易在激发节水市场需求、吸引社会资本、加大金融支持、促进节水技术创新、丰富市场主体等方面助力节水产业发展的路径与作用。建议通过培育用水权交易市场、扩大交易规模、创新交易形式,激发节水产业的需求、夯实节水产业的供给;发挥国家水权交易平台作用,畅通节水产业的供需对接;探索基于用水权绿色金融拓展节水产业供需两端的融资渠道;推动全国水权交易系统集成节水供需数据,助力节水产业数字化发展。

3D Vehicle Detection Algorithm Based onMultimodal Decision-Level Fusion

3D vehicle detection based on LiDAR-camera fusion is becoming an emerging research topic in autonomous driving.The algorithm based on the Camera-LiDAR object candidate fusion method(CLOCs)is currently considered to be a more effective decision-level fusion algorithm,but it does not fully utilize the extracted features of 3D and 2D.Therefore,we proposed a 3D vehicle detection algorithm based onmultimodal decision-level fusion.First,project the anchor point of the 3D detection bounding box into the 2D image,calculate the distance between 2D and 3D anchor points,and use this distance as a new fusion feature to enhance the feature redundancy of the network.Subsequently,add an attention module:squeeze-and-excitation networks,weight each feature channel to enhance the important features of the network,and suppress useless features.The experimental results show that the mean average precision of the algorithm in the KITTI dataset is 82.96%,which outperforms previous state-ofthe-art multimodal fusion-based methods,and the average accuracy in the Easy,Moderate and Hard evaluation indicators reaches 88.96%,82.60%,and 77.31%,respectively,which are higher compared to the original CLOCs model by 1.02%,2.29%,and 0.41%,respectively.Compared with the original CLOCs algorithm,our algorithm has higher accuracy and better performance in 3D vehicle detection.

MFF-Net: Multimodal Feature Fusion Network for 3D Object Detection

In complex traffic environment scenarios,it is very important for autonomous vehicles to accurately perceive the dynamic information of other vehicles around the vehicle in advance.The accuracy of 3D object detection will be affected by problems such as illumination changes,object occlusion,and object detection distance.To this purpose,we face these challenges by proposing a multimodal feature fusion network for 3D object detection(MFF-Net).In this research,this paper first uses the spatial transformation projection algorithm to map the image features into the feature space,so that the image features are in the same spatial dimension when fused with the point cloud features.Then,feature channel weighting is performed using an adaptive expression augmentation fusion network to enhance important network features,suppress useless features,and increase the directionality of the network to features.Finally,this paper increases the probability of false detection and missed detection in the non-maximum suppression algo-rithm by increasing the one-dimensional threshold.So far,this paper has constructed a complete 3D target detection network based on multimodal feature fusion.The experimental results show that the proposed achieves an average accuracy of 82.60%on the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyota Technological Institute(KITTI)dataset,outperforming previous state-of-the-art multimodal fusion networks.In Easy,Moderate,and hard evaluation indicators,the accuracy rate of this paper reaches 90.96%,81.46%,and 75.39%.This shows that the MFF-Net network has good performance in 3D object detection.

海绵城市建设中雨水资源利用及价值实现机制研究与示范——以长沙市海绵城市建设雨水资源使用权首宗交易为例

结合海绵城市建设中雨水资源利用工作,以雨水资源集约化利用、生态价值市场化实现为切入点,通过剖析湖南省长沙市雨水资源使用权交易案例,梳理了雨水资源利用现状,分析了利用前景,总结制度设计和运营模式存在的问题,提出了措施建议,以切实提升当地雨水资源利用效率和效益。

Conductive property of Zr_(0.1)Fe_(0.9)V_(1.1)Mo_(0.9)O_7 with low thermal expansion

Low thermal expansion materials are mostly ceramics with low conductive property, which limits their applications in electronic devices. The poor conductive property of ceramic ZrV_2 O_7 could be improved by bi-substitution of Fe and Mo for Zr and V, accompanied with low thermal expansion. Zr_(0.1) Fe_(0.9) V_(1.1 )Mo_(0.9 )O_7 has electrical conductivity of 8.2× 10^(-5) S/cm and 9.41× 10^(-4) S/cm at 291 K and 623 K, respectively. From 291 K to 413 K, thermal excitation leads to the increase of carrier concentration, which causes the rapid decrease of resistance. At 413–533 K, the conductivity is unchanged due to high scattering probability and a slowing increase of carrier concentration. The conductivity rapidly increases again from533 K to 623 K due to the intrinsic thermal excitation. The thermal expansion coefficient of Zr_(0.1) Fe_(0.9) V_(1.1 )Mo_(0.9 )O_7 is as low as 0.72× 10^(-6 )K^(-1) at 140–700 K from the dilatometer measurement. These properties suggest that Zr_(0.1) Fe_(0.9) V_(1.1 )Mo_(0.9 )O_7 has attractive application in electronic components.

A K self-adaptive SDN controller placement for wide area networks

As a novel architecture,software-defined networking(SDN) is viewed as the key technology of future networking.The core idea of SDN is to decouple the control plane and the data plane,enabling centralized,flexible,and programmable network control.Although local area networks like data center networks have benefited from SDN,it is still a problem to deploy SDN in wide area networks(WANs) or large-scale networks.Existing works show that multiple controllers are required in WANs with each covering one small SDN domain.However,the problems of SDN domain partition and controller placement should be further addressed.Therefore,we propose the spectral clustering based partition and placement algorithms,by which we can partition a large network into several small SDN domains efficiently and effectively.In our algorithms,the matrix perturbation theory and eigengap are used to discover the stability of SDN domains and decide the optimal number of SDN domains automatically.To evaluate our algorithms,we develop a new experimental framework with the Internet2 topology and other available WAN topologies.The results show the effectiveness of our algorithm for the SDN domain partition and controller placement problems.

More Requests, Less Cost： Uncertain Inter-Datacenter Traffic Transmission with Multi-Tier Pricing

With the multi-tier pricing scheme provided by most of the cloud service providers （CSPs）, the cloud userstypically select a high enough transmission service level to ensure the quality of service （QoS）, due to the severe penalty ofmissing the transmission deadline. This leads to the so-called over-provisioning problem, which increases the transmissioncost of the cloud user. Given the fact that cloud users may not be aware of their traffic demand before accessing the network,the over-provisioning problem becomes more serious. In this paper, we investigate how to reduce the transmission cost fromthe perspective of cloud users, especially when they are not aware of their traffic demand before the transmission deadline.The key idea is to split a long-term transmission request into several short ones. By selecting the most suitable transmissionservice level for each short-term request, a cost-efiqcient inter-datacenter transmission service level selection framework isobtained. We further formulate the transmission service level selection problem as a linear programming problem andresolve it in an on-line style with Lyapunov optimization. We evaluate the proposed approach with real traffic data. Theexperimental results show that our method can reduce the transmission cost by up to 65.04%.

Dual bulk and interface engineering with ionic liquid for enhanced performance of ambient-processed inverted CsPbI 3 perovskite solar cells

All-inorganic cesium lead iodide(CsPbI_(3))perovskites with superior thermal stability are attractive candidates for perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Fabricating such inorganic PSCs in the ambient atmosphere is desirable for practical production,however,the challenge remains in inhibiting the phase transition of CsPbI_(3) in ambient air.Herein,we demonstrate a dual bulk and interface engineering using ionic liquid to stabilize CsPbI_(3) perovskite structure,thus enhancing the performance of ambient-processed inverted CsPbI_(3) PSCs.Such dual bulk and interface engineering is found effective not only in suppressing the bulk and interfacial charge carrier recombination and enhancing charge carrier transport and extraction,but also in protecting CsPbI_(3) crystal structure by leaving hydrophobic alkyl chains coverage at the boundary and surface to prevent phase transition caused by moisture from ambient air.The optimized device fully processed in the open air with relative humidity up to 55%exhibits remarkably enhanced efficiency and stability over the control device,with the efficiency increasing from 8.6%to 13.21%,and 92%efficiency maintaining after storage for 1680 h,which outperforms the control device with only 82%retaining after 648 h storage.We thus believe this work can provide an efficient alternative for the low-cost fabrication of ambient-processible PSCs.