Risk assessment of coastal flooding disaster by storm surge based on Elevation-Area method and hydrodynamic models:Taking Bohai Bay as an example

The future inundation by storm surge on coastal areas are currently ill-defined.With increasing global sealevel due to climate change,the coastal flooding by storm surge is more and more frequently,especially in coastal lowland with land subsidence.Therefore,the risk assessment of such inundation for these areas is of great significance for the sustainable socio-economic development.In this paper,the authors use Elevation-Area method and Regional Ocean Model System(ROMS)model to assess the risk of the inundation of Bohai Bay by storm surge.The simulation results of Elevation-Area method show that either a 50-year or 100-year storm surge can inundate coastal areas exceeding 8000 km^(2);the numerical simulation results based on hydrodynamics,considering ground friction and duration of the storm surge high water,show that a 50-year or 100-year storm surge can only inundate an area of over 2000 km^(2),which is far less than 8000 km^(2);while,when taking into account the land subsidence and sea level rise,the very inundation range will rapidly increase by 2050 and 2100.The storm surge will greatly impact the coastal area within about 10-30 km of the Bohai Bay,in where almost all major coastal projects are located.The prompt response to flood disaster due to storm surge is urgently needed,for which five suggestions have been proposed based on the geological background of Bohai Bay.This study may offer insight into the development of the response and adaptive plans for flooding disasters caused by storm surge.

Changes of coastline and tidal flat and its implication for ecological protection under human activities: Take China’s Bohai Bay as an example

The change processes and trends of shoreline and tidal flat forced by human activities are essential issues for the sustainability of coastal area,which is also of great significance for understanding coastal ecological environment changes and even global changes.Based on field measurements,combined with Linear Regression(LR)model and Inverse Distance Weighing(IDW)method,this paper presents detailed analysis on the change history and trend of the shoreline and tidal flat in Bohai Bay.The shoreline faces a high erosion chance under the action of natural factors,while the tidal flat faces a different erosion and deposition patterns in Bohai Bay due to the impact of human activities.The implication of change rule for ecological protection and recovery is also discussed.Measures should be taken to protect the coastal ecological environment.The models used in this paper show a high correlation coefficient between observed and modeling data,which means that this method can be used to predict the changing trend of shoreline and tidal flat.The research results of present study can provide scientific supports for future coastal protection and management.

顶管法施工对邻近地铁盾构隧道的安全影响研究

无锡某泵站工程采用顶管法施工,顶管近距离跨越运营地铁隧道。为保证运营地铁隧道结构安全,施工前采用有限元分析软件PLAXIS 2D和PLAXIS 3D模拟施工过程,预测了顶管法施工对隧道变形的影响,同时在施工期开展了全过程的安全监测。基于模拟结果和实测数据对比分析,得出以下结论:隧道变形均满足规范中对隧道结构变形的控制要求;数值分析结果与实测结果变形规律基本一致,顶管施工引起下方地铁盾构隧道的竖向变形表现为隧道隆起,水平变形相对较小,隧道收敛表现为横向压缩、竖向拉伸;顶管穿越施工引起下方盾构隧道上浮和轮廓收敛变形,隧道最大变形均发生在顶部,施工过程中应加强对隧道顶部上浮和轮廓收敛的监测工作。顶管法施工上跨地铁运营隧道的影响结果可为类似工程安全控制提供一定参考。

Weak Merging Scenario of CLASH Cluster A209

We study the structural and dynamical properties of A209 based on Chandra and XMM-Newton observations.We obtain detailed temperature,pressure,and entropy maps with the contour binning method,and find a hot region in the NW direction.The X-ray brightness residual map and corresponding temperature profiles reveal a possible shock front in the NW direction and a cold front feature in the SE direction.Combined with the galaxy luminosity density map we propose a weak merger scenario.A young sub-cluster passing from the SE to NW direction could explain the optical subpeak,the intracluster medium temperature map,the X-ray surface brightness excess,and the X-ray peak offset together.

A Localization Method of High Energy Transients for All-sky Gamma-ray Monitor

Fast and reliable localization of high-energy transients is crucial for characterizing the burst properties and guiding the follow-up observations.Localization based on the relative counts of different detectors has been widely used for all-sky gamma-ray monitors.There are two major methods for this count distribution localization:χ^(2)minimization method and the Bayesian method.Here we propose a modified Bayesian method that could take advantage of both the accuracy of the Bayesian method and the simplicity of the χ^(2)method.With comprehensive simulations,we find that our Bayesian method with Poisson likelihood is generally more applicable for various bursts than the χ^(2)method,especially for weak bursts.We further proposed a location-spectrum iteration approach based on the Bayesian inference,which could alleviate the problems caused by the spectral difference between the burst and location templates.Our method is very suitable for scenarios with limited computation resources or timesensitive applications,such as in-flight localization software,and low-latency localization for rapidly follow-up observations.

明挖隧道上跨地铁区间抗浮管幕保护方案研究

文章依托无锡市某道路快速化市政隧道上跨运营地铁区间盾构隧道工程,针对如何采用可靠措施有效控制基坑开挖施工对地铁的影响进行研究。采用抗浮管幕减小地铁区间上方基坑开挖卸载后土体及盾构隧道上浮,利用管幕与MJS加固体对明挖基坑底下方富水砂层进行封底处理以抵抗承压水,保护运营地铁安全。通过数值分析,合理确定工作井、管幕及MJS加固主要参数与地铁的关系,验证方案的安全性与合理性。

Sandwich structured ultra-strong-heat-shielding aerogel/copper composite insulation board for safe lithium-ion batteries modules

The fire hazard of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)modules is extremely serious due to their high capacity.Moreover,once a battery catches fire,it can easily result in a fire of the entire LIBs modules.In this work,a sandwich structure composite thermal insulation(STI)board(copper//silica dioxide aerogel//copper)with the advantages of low thermal conductivity(0.031 W m-1K-1),low surface radiation emissivity(0.1)and good thermal convection inhibition effect has been designed.The thermal runaway(TR)occurrence time of adjacent LIBs increases from 1384 s to more than 6 h+due to the protection of STI board.No TR propagation occurs within LIBs modules with protect of a STI board when a battery catches fire.The ultra-strong-heat-shielding mechanism of STI board has been revealed.The TR propagation of LIBs modules has been insulated effectively by STI board through reducing the heat transfer of convection,conduction and radiation.The air flow rate between the heater and LIBs and radiant heat absorbed by LIBs decrease by 63.5%and 35.1%with protection of STI board,respectively.A high temperature difference inside the STI board is also formed.This work provides direction for the designing of safe thermal insulation board for LIBs modules.

基于FAERS数据库的甲磺酸达拉非尼联合曲美替尼致药品不良事件信号挖掘

目的:探讨甲磺酸达拉非尼联合曲美替尼上市后的药品不良事件信号,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法:利用OpenVigil 2.1-MedDRA平台,收集美国食品药品监督管理局不良事件报告系统(FAERS)数据库中有关甲磺酸达拉非尼与曲美替尼联合应用的不良事件数据,截至2022年第2季度。采用比例失衡算法分析不良事件信号,分析不良事件上报的人群特征以及频数较高和新发的不良事件信息。结果:共获取甲磺酸达拉非尼与曲美替尼联合应用的不良事件报告9712例,涉及男性患者4555例(占46.90%),女性患者3921例(占40.37%);18~<65岁患者较多(2503例,占25.77%);上报数据主要源于美国(4287例,占44.14%);严重的不良事件主要包括死亡(2100例,占21.62%)、导致住院或住院时间延长(1889例,占19.45%)。发生频数较高的不良事件主要有恶性肿瘤转移,发热和皮肤毒性等;新发的不良事件主要有吞咽困难、惊厥和脂膜炎等。结论:临床联合应用甲磺酸达拉非尼与曲美替尼时,应对发生频数较高以及新发的不良事件予以重视。在使用药物治疗前、治疗中及随访阶段,均应做好相关监测工作,有效保障患者用药安全。

The Way to Quench:Galaxy Evolution in A2142

We show how the star formation activity of galaxies is progressively inhibited from the outer region to the center of the massive cluster A2142.From an extended spectroscopic redshift survey of 2239 galaxies covering a circular area of radius~11 Mpc from the cluster center,we extract a sample of 333 galaxies with known stellar mass,star formation rate,and spectral index D_(n)4000.We use the Blooming Tree algorithm to identify the substructures of the cluster and separate the galaxy sample into substructure galaxies,halo galaxies,and outskirt galaxies.The substructure and halo galaxies are cluster members,whereas the outskirt galaxies are only weakly gravitationally bound to the cluster.For the cluster members,the star formation rate per stellar mass decreases with decreasing distance R from the cluster center.Similarly,the spectral index D_(n)4000 increases with R,indicating an increasing average age of the stellar population in galaxies closer to the cluster center.In addition,star formation in substructure galaxies is generally more active than in halo galaxies and less active than in outskirt galaxies,proving that substructures tend to slow down the transition between field galaxies and cluster galaxies.We finally show that most actively star-forming galaxies are within the cluster infall region,whereas most galaxies in the central region are quiescent.

The Year-scale X-Ray Variations in the Core of M87

The analysis of light variation of M87 can help us understand the disk evolution.In the past decade,M87 has experienced several short-term light variabilities related to flares.We also find that there are year-scale X-ray variations in the core of M87.Their light variability properties are similar to clumpy-ADAF.By re-analyzing 56Chandra observations from 2007 to 2019,we distinguish the“non-flaring state”from“flaring state”in the light variability.After removing flaring state data,we identify four gas clumps in the nucleus and all of them can be well fitted by the clumpy-ADAF model.The average mass accretion rate is~0.16M⊙yr^(-1).We analyze the photon index(Γ)-flux(2-10 keV)correlation between the non-flaring state and flaring state.For the non-flaring states,the flux is inversely proportional to the photon index.For the flaring states,we find no obvious correlation between the two parameters.In addition,we find that the flare always occurs at a high mass accretion rate,and after the luminosity of the flare reaches the peak,it will be accompanied by a sudden decrease in luminosity.Our results can be explained as that the energy released by magnetic reconnection destroys the structure of the accretion disk,thus the luminosity decreases rapidly and returns to normal levels thereafter.

丙烯酸酯乳液原位接枝共混高抗冲聚氯乙烯的制备与性能

首先以丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯为单体,1,4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵为反应型乳化剂,聚苯乙烯乳液为种子乳液,通过种子乳液聚合工艺,制得了粒径约200 nm且窄粒径分布的丙烯酸酯共聚物(ACR)乳液。然后将该ACR乳液直接加入氯乙烯的悬浮聚合体系中,制得了ACR乳液原位悬浮接枝共混型高抗冲聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合树脂。用红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪、扫描电子显微镜对树脂结构和形貌等进行了表征;考察了不同聚合温度下所得的ACR乳液对最终PVC复合树脂力学性能的影响;考察了悬浮聚合工艺中ACR乳液的加料顺序对悬浮聚合稳定性、PVC复合树脂的颗粒形态和力学性能的影响。结果表明,所得PVC复合树脂由ACR、氯乙烯在ACR上接枝所得共聚物及PVC均聚物组成,该原位增韧PVC复合树脂的抗冲性能提高非常显著。尤其是70℃乳液聚合所得ACR乳液用于氯乙烯的悬浮聚合,且当ACR质量分数为6.0%时的PVC复合树脂的缺口冲击强度可达常规SG-5型PVC树脂的7.4倍。此外,在氯乙烯单体液滴分散好后再加ACR乳液进行悬浮聚合,所得PVC复合树脂的颗粒形态和抗冲性能较好,且聚合过程中无粘釜、无粘轴现象。

原发性声门下喉癌的治疗方式

原发性声门下喉癌是喉癌中最为罕见的一种类型,仅占不足5%。由于其早期症状不明显、恶性程度高、局部侵袭性强等特点,声门下喉癌的预后远不如声门型和声门上喉癌。正由于其极低的发病率,缺乏大样本的临床数据,治疗方法一直存在争议。本文对声门下喉癌的治疗方式做一综述。

Coordination configurations of cupric tartrate in electronic industry wastewater

The coordination structure of cupric tartrate(Cu−TA)complex was investigated by ultraviolet−visible(UV-Vis)and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometer(LC-MS)firstly;furthermore,effective coordination configurations and electronic properties of Cu−TA in aqueous solution were systematically revealed by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Consistently,Job plots show the possible existence of[Cu(TA)]and[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(2-)at 230 and 255 nm based on UV-Vis results.LC-MS results confirm the existence of the single and high coordination complexes[Cu_(2)(TA)_(2)]^(+),[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(+)and[Cu_(2)(TA)_(3)(H_(2)O)_(2)(OH)_(2)]^(2+).DFT calculation results show that carboxylic oxygen and hydroxyl oxygen of tartaric acid(TA)are preferred sites for Cu(Ⅱ)coordination.[Cu(TA)](1H,3H sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ)),[Cu(TA)_(2)]^(2-)(two 1^(C),2^(H) sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ)),and[Cu(TA)_(3)]^(4-)(three 2H,3H sites O of TA coordinated with Cu(Ⅱ))should be dominant coordination configurations of Cu−TA.The corresponding Gibbs reaction energies are-170.1,-136.2,and-90.2 kJ/mol,respectively.

CⅡTA表达与喉鳞状细胞癌(LSCC)患者预后的关系

目的探讨MHC-Ⅱ类反式激活蛋白(classⅡtrans-activator,CⅡTA)的表达水平与喉鳞状细胞癌(laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma,LSCC)患者预后的关系。方法收集2013年9月至2015年6月于复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院行手术治疗的喉癌患者的病例资料及组织标本。根据纳入标准最终入组67例,采用免疫组织化学方法检测LSCC组织标本中CⅡTA的表达情况。采用χ2检验、Kaplan-Meier、Log-rank检验、Cox比例风险模型多因素回归方法对CⅡTA的表达水平与LSCC患者的临床特征、术后总生存期(overall survival,OS)之间的关系进行分析。利用GEPIA分析CⅡTA的表达与头颈部鳞状细胞癌(head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,HNSCC)预后的关系。结果CⅡTA的表达与LSCC的病理分级、临床分期、年龄、性别等临床特征无明显相关性;Kaplan-Meier分析显示在LSCC患者中CⅡTA高表达较低表达的预后好(P<0.05);GEPIA分析显示HNSCC患者中CⅡTA高表达较低表达的预后好(P<0.05);Cox多因素回归分析显示饮酒、CⅡTA的表达、淋巴结转移是LSCC术后生存时间的独立影响因素。结论CⅡTA表达与LSCC患者术后OS的关系密切,可作为预测LSCC患者预后的辅助指标之一。

下咽鳞状细胞癌颈部淋巴结转移的风险因素及其对治疗策略的参考价值

下咽鳞状细胞癌预后较差,且极易发生颈部淋巴结转移,因此颈部淋巴结的处理是下咽癌治疗的关键。本文结合国内外文献以及笔者团队研究成果,探讨影响颈部淋巴结转移的风险因素,包括肿瘤浸润深度、肿瘤原发部位以及淋巴结大小等。同时,我们关注了淋巴结病理学特征对预后的影响,发现大部分国内外研究均支持转移淋巴结数量、Ⅳ~Ⅴ区淋巴结侵犯以及包膜外侵犯等病理学特征提示下咽癌预后不良,对于存在这些病理学特征的患者建议接受术后辅助治疗以改善预后。

Electronic and optical properties of 3N-doped graphdiyne/MoS_(2) heterostructures tuned by biaxial strain and external electric field

The construction of van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures by stacking different two-dimensional layered materials have been recognised as an effective strategy to obtain the desired properties.The 3N-doped graphdiyne(N-GY)has been successfully synthesized in the laboratory.It could be assembled into a supercapacitor and can be used for tensile energy storage.However,the flat band and wide forbidden bands could hinder its application of N-GY layer in optoelectronic and nanoelectronic devices.In order to extend the application of N-GY layer in electronic devices,MoS_(2) was selected to construct an N-GY/MoS_(2) heterostructure due to its good electronic and optical properties.The N-GY/MoS_(2) heterostructure has an optical absorption range from the visible to ultraviolet with a absorption coefficient of 10^(5) cm^(-1).The N-GY/MoS_(2) heterostructure exhibits a type-II band alignment allows the electron–hole to be located on N-GY and MoS_(2) respectively,which can further reduce the electron–hole complexation to increase exciton lifetime.The power conversion efficiency of N-GY/MoS_(2) heterostructure is up to 17.77%,indicating it is a promising candidate material for solar cells.In addition,the external electric field and biaxial strain could effectively tune the electronic structure.Our results provide a theoretical support for the design and application of N-GY/MoS_(2) vdW heterostructures in semiconductor sensors and photovoltaic devices.

Optimizing energy efficiency of CNN-based object detection with dynamic voltage and frequency scaling

On the one hand,accelerating convolution neural networks(CNNs)on FPGAs requires ever increasing high energy efficiency in the edge computing paradigm.On the other hand,unlike normal digital algorithms,CNNs maintain their high robustness even with limited timing errors.By taking advantage of this unique feature,we propose to use dynamic voltage and frequency scaling(DVFS)to further optimize the energy efficiency for CNNs.First,we have developed a DVFS framework on FPGAs.Second,we apply the DVFS to SkyNet,a state-of-the-art neural network targeting on object detection.Third,we analyze the impact of DVFS on CNNs in terms of performance,power,energy efficiency and accuracy.Compared to the state-of-the-art,experimental results show that we have achieved 38%improvement in energy efficiency without any loss in accuracy.Results also show that we can achieve 47%improvement in energy efficiency if we allow 0.11%relaxation in accuracy.

Yeast-Controlled Double-Shelled CacO_(3)/CaF_(2)Hollow Nanospheres with Hierarchically Porous for Sustained pH-Sensitive Drug Release

Hierarchically porous materials(HP materials)are believed one of the most hopeful matrix materials because of their distinctive multimodal pore structures and tremendous application potentials in the field of biomedicine.However,green and facile synthesis of hierarchically porous nanomaterials with beneficial water dispersibility and biocompatibility is still a great challenge.Herein,a novel biomimetic strategy is proposed to prepare the cell-tailored double-shelled HPCaCO_(3)/CaF_(2) hollow nanospheres under the mediation of yeast cells.The biomolecules derived from the secretion of yeast cells are used as conditioning and stabilizing agents to control the biosynthesis of the HPCaCO_(3)/CaF_(2) materials,which exhibit excellent water dispersibility and favorable biocompatibility.The double-shelled CaCO_(3)/CaF_(2) nanospheres hold hierarchically porous structure and have abundant pore channel and large specific surface area,showing high drug-loading and a prolonged drug sustainable release profile by the pore-by-pore diffusion pattern of the hierarchical pores.Otherwise,the HPCaCO_(3) with pH-sensitivity could controllably release drug doxorubicin hydrochloride(DOX)at the acidic tumor microenvironment.Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that HPCaCO_(3)/CaF_(2) has the sustainable pH-sensitive drug release property,showing an enhanced therapeutic effect.Summarily,this study provides a biomimetic strategy to synthesize the hierarchically porous double-shelled hollow nanomaterials for applying in sustainable drug delivery system.

Ultra-long room temperature phosphorescence of indium-based organic inorganic metal halides for naked-eye-visible afterglow

Solid-state molecules based on room-temperature phosphorescent(RTP)emission have received extensive attention due to their special optical properties of triplet excitons.However,there are still few solid molecular systems with naked-eye-visible afterglow characteristics.Herein,we introduce 4-phenylbenzylamine(namely PBA)with a long conjugated system into common non-toxic In^(3+)to form an indium-based organic inorganic halide,whose chemical formula is PBA_(3)[InCl_6]·H_(2)O.Interestingly,this hybrid halide generates a RTP emission at 617 nm with a lifetime decay as long as 290.4 ms,expressing a naked-eye-visible afterglow for more than 7 s.The mechanism study shows that the long lifetime RTP originated from the specific lamellar stacking of organic molecules and metal halide units,facilitating the interaction between the inorganic layers and organic layers.Therefore,the material can be potentially used in emergency lighting,information security,and other fields.Meanwhile,this work provides a reference for the design and implementation of a more efficient organic-inorganic hybrid system with the ultralong RTP emission.

Astragalus Membranaceus Improving Asymptomatic Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Postmenopausal Hypertensive Women with Metabolic Syndrome： A Prospective, Open-Labeled, Randomized Controlled Trial

Background： Postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome （MetS） have increased cardiovascular morbidity and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction （LVDD）. The various protective effects ofastragalus membranaceus （AM） have been described in previous studies. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of AM on diastolic function in postmenopausal hypertensive women with MetS. Methods： This was a prospective, randomized controlled study. The postmenopausal hypertensive patients with MetS were enrolled from Lanzhou University Second Hospital from March 2014 to April 2015. Patients were divided into three groups： control group （received conventional medical treatment）, AM Group 1 （received AM capsules at 5 g/d additionally）, and AM Group 2 （received AM capsules at 10 g/d additionally）. Echocardiographic and clinical characteristics were evaluated before and 12 months after treatment. Quantitative data were analyzed using unpaired t-test, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results： A total of 154 patients were subjected to final analysis. In the AM Group 2, significant improvements were noted in diastolic function 12 months after treatment than those of the control group, including the early diastolic mitral annular velocity （E＇; 0.065±0.007 m/s vs. 0.061 ± 0.008 m/s, P = 0.014）, the ratio of the early diastolic mitral peak flow velocity to the late diastolic mitral peak flow velocity （E/A; 0.81± 0.05 vs. 0.80± 0.06, P = 0.012）, the ratio of E＇ to the late diastolic mitral annular velocity （EVA＇; 0.56 ± 0.12 vs. 0.51 ± 0.13, P 0.048）, and the ratio of the early diastolic mitral peak flow velocity （E） to E＇ （E/E＇; 10.70 ± 1.30 vs. 11.37 ± 1.73, P = 0.031）. After treatment, E/E＇ （ 10.70 ± 1.30 vs. 11.24± 1.56, P = 0.021 ）, deceleration time （DT; 261.49 ± 44.41 ms vs. 268.74 ±53.87 ms P = 0.046）, and EVA＇ （0.56 ± 0.12 vs. 0.52 ±0.13, P = 0.019） values improved more significantly than those of AM Group 2 before treatment. Besides, waist circumference was positively correlated with E＇ （r = 0.472, P = 0.003） and E＇/N （r = 0.321 ; P- 0.047）. In addition, the waist-to-hip ratio was a significant predictor ofDT （r = 0.276; P = 0.041）, E＇ （r= 0.590; P 〈 0.001 ）, E/E＇ （r = 0.454; P=0.004）, and EVA＇ （r= 0.377; P = 0.018）. Conclusions： Conventional medical plus AM therapy improved diastolic function. Moreover, WC and WH R might be risk ihctors tbr LVDD.