Study on Vegetation Characteristics & Soil Properties of Secondary Grassland in Farmland Areas Abandoned for Different Years in Minqin Oasis

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the vegetation community characteristics and soil properties of secondary grassland in abandoned farmland areas of different years in Minqin Oasis. [Methods] By the method of space-for-time substitution, the changes of vegetation community characteristics(species composition, structural characteristics and important values) and soil microbial and enzyme activity were determined, and the correlation between various soil factors was analyzed. [Results](1) There were 39 species belonging to 32 genera of 15 families in the research area, including 8 shrub plants, 15 perennial herbs and 16 annual herbs.(2) Soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents were higher in the upper layer than in the lower layer, and the phenomenon of “surface aggregation” was obvious. The differences were different with the change of abandoned years.(3) Soil catalase content was the highest among different plots, and soil phosphatase, sucrase and urease all showed a trend of fluctuating decline with the increase in abandoned years. Soil enzyme changes were different in different soil layers. [Conclusions] This study can provide a theoretical basis for the restoration, reconstruction and rational protection and utilization of secondary grassland in abandoned farmland.

干旱沙区土壤结皮发育对草本植物土壤种子库的影响

为了探讨干旱沙区土壤结皮发育对草本植物土壤种子库的影响,以巴丹吉林沙漠南缘已发育土壤结皮的区域为场所,通过野外调查与土培萌发的方法,对土壤结皮不同发育阶段的地表特征及草本植物土壤种子库特性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)结皮前期向藓类结皮的演替导致地表微形态、结皮层厚度均出现明显的变化,并在不同发育阶段间呈现出一定的差异性(P<0.05)。(2)随着土壤结皮不断演替,种子库中沙生物种逐渐退出、旱生物种陆续出现,优势种演变为画眉草(Eragrostis pilosa)、雾冰藜(Bassia dasyphylla)→画眉草、雾冰藜、盐生草(Halogeton glomeratu)→画眉草、盐生草→画眉草。(3)在土壤结皮整个演替过程中,种子库密度、物种多样性指数均出现了先增大后减小的变化趋势(峰值在藻类-地衣结皮阶段),地衣-藓类结皮阶段(或更高)各指标值均显著小于结皮前期(P<0.05);同时,种子库水平分布逐渐均匀化、垂直分布趋于结皮层,种子库与地上植被物种相似性明显降低。因此认为,土壤结皮发育不仅通过增强地表稳定性、改变地表微形态影响种子库的空间分布,还通过改变土壤生境条件影响地上植被对种子库的贡献能力。