Estrogen receptors as the novel therapeutic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer

Although a wide range of studies have addressed the relationship between estrogen receptor(ER) expression and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC), that relationship remains controversial. This is in large part because there is no consensus on the rate of ER expression in NSCLC or on the intracellular distribution of ER expression. This suggests that establishing the relationship between ER expression and prognosis will require standardization of the antibodies used as well as the definition of a positive response. For example, it is supposed from previous studies that ERs in the cytoplasm and nucleus have different relationships to prognosis than ERs in the cytoplasm. Moreover, ER signaling in NSCLC is known to be affected by aromatase, progesterone receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor mutation. However, there has been little functional analysis these mutants and subtypes. This review will focus on what is known about the role of ERs in NSCLC and whether ER can be a useful prognostic marker or therapeutic target in NSCLC.

降低吸气温度的高效冰箱压缩机

当今世界上对家用电冰箱和冷藏箱的压缩机追求的两项主要目标,一是高效率(即低能耗);二是低噪音。本论文讨论了改进往复式压缩机的吸气消音系统的方法,使吸气温度降低,从而提高压缩机效率和降低噪音。由于压缩机是密封在壳体内,要将压缩机壳外的低压侧的气体引进气缸中,而同时又不使进气温度有很明显的提高是非常困难的。此外。