How to Deal with Revolutions in Train Control Systems

本文对高速铁路线路基础沉降及差异沉降的主要影响因素进行了分析,提出局部地下水开采是影响线路差异沉降的直接诱因。通过对不同差异沉降量下无砟轨道附加荷载及高速行车过程中车辆、轨道和桥梁动力响应的研究,初步提出了运营期线路基础差异沉降控制标准。

如何应对列车控制系统革新?

列车控制系统的作用是确保铁路的安全。本文首先总结了日本、欧洲通用的列车控制系统,在此基础上,笔者根据现有列车控制系统,提出以下问题:应该采用什么方法来提高列车控制系统的功能性、安全性和可靠性,并协助铁路的商业运营?其次,笔者提出了一个有助于基于当前信息和通信技术对新型列车控制系统进行开发的理想架构;同时,还提出了一种新的统一列车控制系统(UTCS),它能有效地提高列车控制系统的鲁棒性和竞争力。UTCS的最终架构仅由基本设备组成,如铁轨中的转辙机和铁路道口控制设备。最后讨论了UTCS在应用中的处理方式。

Interlocking System for CBTC (Communication Based Train Control) System

In recent years,the environment of railways and the systems such as CBTC(communication based train control)have been changing.To respond the changes and the needs of customers,a UTCS(unified train control system)has been developed to realize a system that evolves with customers.Previous type systems consist of independent components such as ATC(Automatic train control)system,electronic interlocking system,and facility monitoring system,and there are a complicated overlap of system configurations and functions and difference in concept between the systems.On the other hand,the integrated train control system consists of horizontal layers such as function layer,network layer,and terminal layer.Therefore,the system has been developed to make it simple with no unnecessary redundancy and evolving to meet the needs of customers.In this paper,we explain a method that realizes the interlocking function for CBTC system in the function layer based on the concept of“securing a train travelling path”including path blocking and routing,and evaluate the safety of the method using STAMP/STPA.

Safety Assessment of Closed-Loop Level Crossing Control Systems by Means of STAMP(Systems-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes)

There have been a large number of accidents at level crossings of railways and this has been considered to be a significant issue to be solved for the realization of safe and stable railway transport.A conventional level crossing control system is characterized by the use of two types of electronic train detectors;one detects a train approaching to a level crossing section and the other then detects the train having left the level crossing.By contrast,closed-loop level crossing control systems in which level crossing control equipment and train-borne equipment communicate with each other have been advocated and are expected to serve as an effective solution to the abovementioned issue.This paper describes the following three types of closed-loop level crossing control systems:decentralized level crossing control system,fully-centralized comprehensive level crossing control system and fully-centralized individual level crossing control system.This paper then assesses the safety of these systems in comparison to the conventional level crossing control system.For the purpose of the assessment of their safety,a new accident analysis model called STAMP(systems theoretic accident model and processes)that is suitable for software intensive systems is used to clarify the advantage of the proposed three types of level crossing control systems in terms of safety.

板材轧机厚度自动控制的发展

1.前言 在钢板制造中,改进钢板的厚度偏差,改善产品的质量,降低成品价格,是满足用户要求的重要条件。开发自动厚度控制(AGC)就是为了改善钢板厚度精度,减少纵向偏差,提高板与板间厚度精度。 电动压下AGC最初取得了一些成功。但从可控轧制表明,电动AGC根据负载和响应特性,不适应大轧制力下的大量生产和满足高精度要求。因此,需要采取其它强有力的措施。