康巴藏语崩波岗方言群及其语音特征

本文对康巴藏语的方言分类进行讨论,并针对所谓的"南路次方言"进行重组,重新划出"崩波岗方言群"。该方言群名称源自藏族传统地理区域,分布在康区南部,主要包括四川省甘孜州理塘县、雅江县、稻城县及凉山州木里县。通过与藏文的对比,本文阐明崩波岗方言群中的六个土话的语音概要和内部差异,以及与周边其他方言群不同的特征。

Phase II Study of Irinotecan plus S-1 in Treatment of Advanced Gastric Cancer

Objective: The efficacy and safety of irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11) plus oral fluoropyrimidine S-1 combination therapy in patients with previously untreated advanced gastric cancer was evaluated. Methods: The regimen comprised CPT-11 plus S-1: CPT-11, 60 mg/m2 (days 1, 15);S-1, 40 - 60 mg/body twice daily (days 1 - 21) followed by a 1-week rest, every 4 weeks. Primary endpoint was response rate. Secondary endpoints were tumor control rate, adverse events, relative dose intensity, and overall survival. Results: Twenty-five patients were enrolled;median age was 66 years. Response rate was 40% (95% confidence interval, 21.1% - 61.3%;complete response in 1;partial response in 9). Tumor control rate was 56.0%, median survival time was 436 days and relative dose intensities were 0.83 for CPT-11 and 0.85 for S-1. Incidence of grade 3 or greater neutropenia, anemia and diarrhea was 16%, 12%, and 12%, respectively.Conclusion: The present results indicate that CPT-11 plus S-1 offers lower treatment-related toxicity than regimens including cisplatin and is effective in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Encrypted Sensing Based on Digital Holography for Fingerprint Images

We propose a novel biometric sensing technique for personal authentication in which fingerprint images are captured using an optical encryption method. This method can reduce the risk of data theft or leakage of personal information captured by biometric sensing. This method, termed encrypted sensing, is implemented using digital holography with double random phase encoding. We demonstrate experimentally that a fingerprint image can be captured as an optically encrypted image and can be restored correctly only when the correct cipher key is used. Moreover, we investigate experimentally the verification accuracy of the decrypted images.

Usefulness of the Guglielmi detachable coil for embolization of a systemic venous collateral after Fontan operation:A case report

Embolization of collateral veins is often treated with rigid coils(Gianturco and interlocking detachable coils type).However,when dealing with tortuous and dilated collateral veins,there is a high risk for technical failure and coil migration due to inflexibility of the coils.To safely and successfully solve this problem,Guglielmi detachable coils(GDC) can be used for embolization.Their flexibility allows for easy navigation in tortuous veins,low risk of unintended coil release or coil migration,and safe deployment.A 12-year-old girl with a single ventricle had severe cyanosis and a low exercise tolerance 5 years after Fontan procedure.The symp-toms were caused by a tortuous and dilated collateral from the left phrenic vein into the left pulmonary vein,forming a right-to-left shunt.The collateral,which had a large diameter and high flow,and therefore a high risk of coil migration,was successfully embolized with 8 GDC.There were no complications such as coil migration or cerebral infarction.Transcatheter embolization increased her systemic oxygen saturation from 81%-84% to 94%-95%,and increased her ability to exercise.The embolization procedure using flexible GDC was low risk compared with other rigid coil embolization techniques when performing embolization of tortuous and dilated collateral veins.

Pulsed Supermagnetron Plasma CVD of a-CN_x:H Electron-Transport Films for Au/a-CN_x:H/p-Si Photovoltaic Cells

Hydrogenated amorphous carbon nitride (a-CNx:H) films were formed on p-Si wafers set on a lower elec-trode by pulsed supermagnetron plasma CVD using i-C4H10 and N2 gases. Lower electrode RF power (LORF) of 13.56 MHz (50 - 800 W) was modulated by a 2.5-kHz pulse at a duty ratio of 12.5%, and upper electrode RF power (UPRF) of 50 - 400 W was supplied continuously. The optical band gap decreased with an increase in LORF at each UPRF. The open circuit voltage of Au/a-CNx:H/p-Si photovoltaic cells (a-CNx:H film thickness: 25 nm) was about 200 mV for each cell, and the short circuit current density and energy conversion efficiency increased with LORF for each UPRF. The highest energy conversion efficiency of 0.81% was obtained at UPRF/LORF of 200/800 W.

Development of a Novel Penetration-Enhancing Agent for Hair Products

HAIRCARECUBETM (HCC) is a new additive for hair products that allows the active ingredient to penetrate into the hair. During the course of percutaneous absorption studies, we discovered that lyotropic liquid crystal promotes the skin’s absorptiveness to medicines. We conducted a study to determine whether or not lyotropic liquid crystal could be applied as a penetration-enhancing agent in hair, and as a result we have succeeded in developing HCC. In place of hair dye, we used fluorescein-HCC to evaluate hair permeability, and strong fluorescence was observed as deep as the core of the hair. Moreover, the strength of the fluorescence was dependent on HCC concentration. This result did not change under acidic or basic conditions. In addition, the same trends were observed when using an oxidative hair dye. Furthermore, when HCC was used together with hydrolyzed keratin, which repairs hair damage, a stronger restorative effect was observed. These results confirmed that HCC has the effect of promoting the permeation of pigments and other active ingredients into hair. HCC is expected to be very useful as an additive for developing functional cosmetic hair products.

Identification of telomere maintenance gene variations related to lung adenocarcinoma risk by genome-wide association and whole genome sequencing analyses

Dear editor,Lung carcinoma is responsible for the highest fatal-ity rate among cancer-related deaths globally,with lung adenocarcinoma(LADC)emerging as the prevailing sub-type.

Tumor-derived insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 contributes to resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma to tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Background:Antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)provide one of the few therapeutic options for effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,patients with HCC often develop resistance toward antiangiogenic TKIs,and the underlying mechanisms are not understood.The aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms underlying antiangiogenic TKI resistance in HCC.Methods:We used an unbiased proteomic approach to define proteins that were responsible for the resistance to antiangiogenic TKIs in HCC patients.We evaluated the prognosis,therapeutic response,and serum insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1(IGFBP-1)levels of 31 lenvatinib-treated HCC patients.Based on the array of results,a retrospective clinical study and preclinical experiments using mouse and human hepatoma cells were conducted.Additionally,in vivo genetic and pharmacological gain-and loss-of-function experiments were performed.Results:In the patient cohort,IGFBP-1 was identified as the signaling molecule with the highest expression that was inversely associated with overall survival.Mechanistically,antiangiogenic TKI treatment markedly elevated tumor IGFBP-1 levels via the hypoxia-hypoxia inducible factor signaling.IGFBP-1 stimulated angiogenesis through activation of the integrinα5β1-focal adhesion kinase pathway.Consequently,loss of IGFBP-1 and integrinα5β1 by genetic and pharmacological approaches re-sensitized HCC to lenvatinib treatment.Conclusions:Together,our data shed light onmechanisms underlying acquired resistance of HCC to antiangiogenic TKIs.Antiangiogenic TKIs induced an increase of tumor IGFBP-1,which promoted angiogenesis through activating the IGFBP-1-integrinα5β1 pathway.These data bolster the application of a new therapeutic concept by combining antiangiogenic TKIs with IGFBP-1 inhibitors.

《藏拉法词典》(1899)收录的动词snang的口语用法及其来历

本文对1899年出版的《藏语拉丁语法语词典》里收录的藏语snang词条的描述进行分析。该词典主要收集了康区及锡金地区的口语,snang一词的描述是基于康区的用法。本文尝试将词典中记录的材料与当代藏语方言研究的成果相结合,试图考察该词反映的是哪个地方的藏语。本文运用了藏语方言学的理论方法,对近代藏语口语资料进行分析,得出的结论是:snang的用法与康巴藏语南路方言群的一致。

Characteristics and outcomes of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in Japanese elementary-school students on total parenteral nutrition

The clinical outcomes of adolescents with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder(ARFID)remain unclear.Furthermore,no report has compared the characteristics of ARFID and restricting-type anorexia nervosa(R-AN)in elementary-school students on total parenteral nutrition(TPN).This study retrospectively reviewed inpatients diagnosed with ARFID or R-AN between 2005 and 2019.Patients with ARFID(two boys and seven girls)and R-AN(13 girls)were hospitalized because of rapid physical deterioration,and nutrition therapy was continued without withdrawal.The ARFID group exhibited significantly lower body weights at admission than the R-AN group and gained an average of 6.5 kg during hospitalization;furthermore,the monthly weight gain during hospitalization was significantly higher,and no relapse was observed.Early physical improvement in ARFID resulted in good recovery.In conclusion,TPN can be easily introduced to patients with ARFID,in whom aversive eating is a concern,and is a suitable treatment for ARFID.