A case of neuroendocrine tumor G1 with unique histopathological growth progress

A gastric neuroendocrine tumor(NET)is generated from deep within the tissue mucosal layers.In many cases,NETs are discovered as submucosal tumor(SMT)-like structures by forming a tumor mass.This case has a clear mucosal demarcation line and developed like a polyp.A dilated blood vessel was found on the surface.The mass lacked the yellow color characteristic of NETs,and a SMT-like form was evident.Therefore,a nonspecific epithelial lesion was suspected and we performed endoscopy with magnifying narrowband imaging(M-NBI).However,this approach did not lead to the diagnosis,as we diagnosed the lesion as a NET by biopsy examination.The lesion was excised by endoscopic submucosal dissection.The histopathological examination proved that the lesion was a polypoid lesion although it was also a NET because the tumorcells extended upward through the normal gland ducts scatteredly.To our knowledge,there is no previous report of NET G1 with such unique histopathological growth progress and macroscopic appearance shown by detailed examination using endoscopy with M-NBI.

SELECTIVE NEURITE OUTGROWTH ON SILVER NEGATIVE ION (Ag^- )-IMPLANTED POLYSTYRENE SURFACES

The negative ion implantation technique was applied to modify polymer surfaces of culture dishes for neuronal cells, PC12h. The silver negative ion (Ag-)-implantation was carried out at an ion energy of 20 keV and a dose of 3 × 1015 ions/cm2 with non-treated polystyrene (NTPS), tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS), and collagen-coated TCPS-Iwaki (CCPS). Ag--implanted surfaces of Ag/NTPS, Ag/TCPS, and Ag/CCPS were studied with respect to contact angle and/or chemical composition. The numerical values of contact angles on Ag/NTPS and Ag/TCPS were similar within experimental error, indicating the resemblance in their hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity. The PC12h cells, however, were attached only to the Ag--implanted region of NTPS, but not to the non-implanted NTPS region. Moreover, the neurite outgrowth was also observed to extend specifically along the Ag--implanted region of NTPS but not on the non-implanted NTPS region, although neurites extended towards all directions on collagen-coated TCPS as a control surface. There was no remarkable difference in neurite outgrowth among Ag--implanted regions of TCPS and CCPS. Thus Ag/NTPS region was affirmed to promote highly selective attachment, growth, and differentiation of PC12h cells, although its mechanism is still unknown.

Event-related potential investigation of different neural pathways for face and pattern perceptions in the human brain

Two different pathways in the brain have been implicated in the human visual perception process. One involves emotional cognition of face features, and the other involves spatial pattern cognition. In the present study, we used the event-related potential (ERP) method to examine temporal activation of the perception pathways at a fine time resolution of less than 10 ms. Four electrodes were attached onto their heads at O2, Pz, T4, and Fz, and ERP waveforms were observed on each electrode simultaneously. Nine portraits of actresses and 9 geometrical figures were chosen respectively, and presented on a CRT display in random order. The two types of figures elicited different responses. For portraits, the first significant N100 peak appeared on Pz and Fz, but not O2. For patterns, it started at N130 on O2. A significant response to portraits mostly appeared on T4, Pz, and Fz, and to patterns on O2, Pz, and Fz.

An Effort to Reinstatement Support for Truant Students

According to a report by the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science,and Technology-Japan(MEXT),the number of students who did not attend school in Japan in the fiscal year 2018 was 164,528,and the percentage of students who did not attend school was 1.7%.This is the highest number of students ever.MEXT has been providing various measures to support students’return to school,such as setting up adaptation classes and reviewing the school structure,intending to reduce the number of students who do not attend school.However,it is not always easy to help students return to school,since the problems they face may not be simply academic or psychological in nature.Besides,many students have returned to school,but who have not returned to school in the past.In this paper,we introduce a special needs classroom for truant students.Next,the results of a survey of teachers and assistants in this classroom are discussed.Finally,we will report on our current efforts.