一种基于深度学习的眼科疾病诊断方法

针对目前逐年上升的眼科疾病尤其是糖尿病性视网膜病(DR)患病率高的问题,设计一种新型眼科疾病诊断方法。该研究采用2019年Kaggle糖尿病性视网膜病检测竞赛数据集,采用先进的深度学习框架,构建多种先进的神经网络模型,经过训练,得到预测结果,最后融合多个模型提高Kappa分数,最终使模型具有较强的健壮性从而解决模型过拟合问题。文中方法包括病情诊断、自动评分分析等功能。实验结果表明,该方法极大地缩短了眼科医生的诊断周期,提高了诊断的准确率和效率,为眼科医生提供了一种便捷、高效的诊断辅助。

Current Status and Influencing Factors of the Quality of Work Life of Nurses in Intensive Care Unit

Objective: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of the quality of work life of nurses in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods: A total of 243 ICU nurses from 6 general hospitals in Jingzhou were selected by convenient sampling method. Questionnaires were conducted with the general information questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Work-Related Quality of Life Scale-2 (WRQoL-2). Results: The total average score of the quality of work life of ICU nurses was (3.35 ± 0.44), which was at a medium level. Department, professional title, frequency of night shift, experience of workplace violence and psychological resilience were the influencing factors of the quality of work life of nurses in ICU, accounting for 39.4% of the variance. Conclusion: The quality of work life of ICU nurses needs to be improved. Nursing managers should pay attention to the work environment of ICU nurses, rationally allocate manpower, and improve the status of psychological resilience of nurses, so as to improve their quality of work life.

基于高通量测序技术的藏族肝硬化患者肠道菌群多样性研究

背景大量研究已证实肝硬化患者存在肠道菌群失调的现象,这为临床防治肝硬化及并发症提供了新的线索与思路.藏族人群生活环境和饮食习惯有别于汉族人群,因而藏族肝硬化患者肠道菌群结构及多样性亦可能存在差异.目的探讨藏族肝硬化患者肠道菌群结构、丰度与多样性,并对比汉族肝硬化患者肠道菌群的差异及特点.方法前瞻性纳入2017-10/2018-10四川大学华西医院成办分院消化内科36例肝硬化患者,其中20例藏族设为实验组,16例汉族肝硬化患者设为对照组;收集患者基本信息、血常规、生化、凝血功能、影像学等,并采集大便标本,提取基因组DNA并对细菌16S rRNA基因V4区进行PCR扩增,应用Illumina Miseq平台进行高通量测序,测序原始结果进行Reads拼接、操作分类单元(operational taxonomic units,OTUs)聚类、物种注释、Alpha多样性分析等,最终得到样品的生物信息学结果.结果对照组和实验组分别获得15006和36872条有效序列,在实验组中Chao1指数显著降低(P<0.01),实验组的物种丰富度较对照组显著降低.基于97%的相似性进行物种注释,对实验组和对照组进行微生物物种丰度比较.结果显示,相较于对照组,在门水平上,实验组中拟杆菌门显著减少(P<0.001),厚壁菌门和放线菌门在实验组中增加(P<0.01和P<0.05);在属水平上,葡萄球菌属、放线菌属在实验组中显著减少(P<0.01),乳杆菌属显著增加(P<0.01).结论藏族肝硬化患者的肠道微生物丰度明显低于汉族肝硬化患者,肠道微生物组成存在着差异.本研究首次展现了藏族肝硬化患者的肠道微生物组成特点,为肝硬化的个性化治疗奠定了基础.

超共轭与立体电子效应

回顾了超共轭概念的起源与发展,简述了超共轭效应在立体电子效应中的重要地位及其对于分子构象和反应活性的重要影响,并对乙烷的优势构象成因进行了讨论。

工业锅炉水质电导率在线监测及智能排污控制系统研发

设计了一种工业锅炉水质电导率在线监测及智能排污控制系统。系统终端电路包括微处理器单元、通讯接口单元、电导率测量单元、开关量和模拟量输出等部分,以实现锅炉炉水和给水电导率在线测量。该测控终端功能强大、组态方便灵活,可快速用于实际产业应用。

Physiological diversity of orchids

The Orchidaceae is a diverse and wide spread family of flowering plants that are of great value in ornamental, medical, conservation, and evolutionary research. The broad diversity in morphology,growth form, life history, and habitat mean that the members of Orchidaceae exhibit various physiological properties. Epiphytic orchids are often characterized by succulent leaves with thick cell walls,cuticles, and sunken stomata, whereas terrestrial orchids possess rhizomes, corms, or tubers. Most orchids have a long juvenile period, slow growth rate, and low photosynthetic capacity. This reduced photosynthetic potential can be largely explained by CO_2 diffusional conductance and leaf internal structure. The amount of light required for plant survival depends upon nutritional mode, growth form,and habitat. Most orchids can adapt to their light environments through morphological and physiological adjustments but are sensitive to sudden changes in irradiance. Orchids that originate from warm regions are susceptible to chilling temperatures, whereas alpine members are vulnerable to high temperatures.For epiphytic orchids, rapid water uptake by the velamen radicum, water storage in their pseudobulbs and leaves, slow water loss, and Crassulacean Acid Metabolism contribute to plant-water balance and tolerance to drought stress. The presence of the velamen radicum and mycorrhizal fungi may compensate for the lack of root hairs, helping with quick absorbance of nutrients from the atmosphere.Under cultivation conditions, the form and concentration of nitrogen affect orchid growth and flowering.However, the limitations of nitrogen and phosphorous on epiphytic orchids in the wild, which require these plants to depend on mycorrhizal fungi for nutrients throughout the entire life cycle, are not clearly understood. Because they lack endosperm, seed germination depends upon obtaining nutrients via mycorrhizal fungi. Adult plants of some autotrophic orchids also gain carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other elements from their mycorrhizal partners. Future studies should examine the mechanisms that determine slow growth and flower induction, the physiological causes of variations in flowering behavior and floral lifespan, the effects of nutrients and atmospheric-nitrogen deposition, and practical applications of mycorrhizal fungi in orchid cultivation.

Toward Enhancing Wearability and Fashion of Wearable Supercapacitor with Modified Polyurethane Artificial Leather Electrolyte

Inspired by the sophisticated artificial leather garment industry and toward enhancing wearability of energy storage devices, we demonstrate a polyurethane artificial leather supercapacitor with large sheet electrodes embedded in theleather layer simultaneously working as a polyelectrolyte. This design totally reserves textiles underneath and thus addresses the well-known challenge of wearing comfortability. It provides a revolutionary configuration of wearable supercapacitors: the artificial leather on garment is also a supercapacitor.Unlike the polyvinyl alcohol-based acidic electrolytes, which are widely used, sodium chloride is used to modify the intrinsically fluorescent polyurethane leather for ionic transportation, which has no harm to human. The fluorescent leather supercapacitor is easily transferrable from any arbitrary substrates to form various patterns, enabling multifunctionalities of practical wearability, fashion, and energy storage.

Cavitation resistance of peduncle,petiole and stem is correlated with bordered pit dimensions in Magnolia grandiflora

Variation in resistance of xylem to embolism among flowers,leaves,and stems strongly influences the survival and reproduction of plants.However,little is known about the vulnerability to xylem embolism under drought stress and their relationships to the anatomical traits of pits among reproductive and vegetative organs.In this study,we investigated the variation in xylem vulnerability to embolism in peduncles,petioles,and stems in a woody plant,Magnolia grandiflora.We analyzed the relationships between water potentials that induced 50%embolism(P50)in peduncles,petioles,and stems and the conduit pit traits hypothesized to influence cavitation resistance.We found that peduncles were more vulnerable to cavitation than petioles and stems,supporting the hypothesis of hydraulic vulnerability segmentation that leaves and stems are prioritized over flowers during drought stress.Moreover,P50 was significantly correlated with variation in the dimensions of inter-vessel pit apertures among peduncles,petioles and stems.These findings highlight that measuring xylem vulnerability to embolism in reproductive organs is essential for understanding the effect of drought on plant reproductive success and mortality under drought stress.

阴条岭国家级自然保护区野生动植物资源保护探析

通过查阅科考资料,结合走访调查的数据,总结出阴条岭保护区野生动植物资源保护存在思想认识不到位、执法队伍不健全、保护资金欠缺等问题,同时提出了提高法律及科普认知、加强执法队伍建设、加大财政资金投入、强化资源动态监测等建议,以期促进保护区野生动植物资源保护工作有效开展,为保护区制定保护管理措施提供参考。

基于贝叶斯博弈下的驾驶员路径选择均衡研究

文章研究了不完全信息静态博弈下驾驶员路径选择的贝叶斯纳什均衡求解问题,证明了两方博弈下贝叶斯纳什均衡的判定定理,给出了驾驶员选择不同策略时的得益值,并运用该定理对驾驶员的路径选择博弈模型进行了求解,最终方便驾驶员A在驾驶员B类型未知时做出较优的决策,实现了博弈各方的利益最大化。

MLKL forms cation channels

OBJECTIVE To investigate how MLKL functions on the membrane and explore its electrophysiological characters and structure.METHODS The full-length human MLKL were expressed in SF21 cells and purified using glutathione-sepharose affinity chromatography.The currents of purified MLKL proteins were recorded in avoltage-clamp mode using a Warner BC-535 bilayer clamp amplifier.The currents were digitized using p CLAMP 10.2 software.HEK293 cells were cultured and transfected with MLKL plasmid.Cell viability was examined using the Cell Titer-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay kit.RESULT MLKL forms cation channels that are permeable preferentially to Mg2+rather than Ca2+in the presence of Na+and K+.Moreover,each MLKL monomer contains five transmembrane helices:H1,H2,H3,H5 and H6 of the N-terminal domain which is sufficient to form channels.Finally,MLKL-induced membrane depolarization and cell death exhibit a positive correlation to its channel activity.

Pregnancy complications effect on the nickel content in maternal blood,placenta blood and umbilical cord blood during pregnancy

BACKGROUND Nickel(Ni)may accumulate in the human body and has biological toxicity and carcinogenicity.Ni has an extensive impact on the health of pregnant women and fetuses during gestation.AIM To evaluate Ni exposure in pregnant women in Kunming,Yunnan Province,China;to describe the distribution of Ni in the maternal-fetal system and placental barrier function;and to investigate the effect of Ni exposure on fetal health in mothers with pregnancy complications.METHODS Seventy-two pregnant women were selected using a case-control design.The women were divided into two groups:The control group(no disease;n=29)and the disease group[gestational diabetes(GDM),hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy(HDCP),or both;n=43].The pregnant women in the disease group were further divided as follows:14 cases with GDM(GDM group),13 cases with HDCP(HDCP group)and 16 cases with both GDM and HDCP(disease combination group).Basic information on the pregnant women was collected by questionnaire survey.Maternal blood,placenta blood and cord blood were collected immediately after delivery.The Ni content in paired samples was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.RESULTS Compared to the control group,age was higher and body mass index was greater in pregnant women in the disease groups(28.14±2.54 vs 28.42±13.89,P<0.05;25.90±3.86 vs 31.49±5.30,P<0.05).The birth weights of newborns in the HDCP group and the control group were significantly different(2.52±0.74 vs 3.18±0.41,P<0.05).The content of Ni in umbilical cord blood in the entire disease group was higher than that in the control group(0.10±0.16 vs 0.05±0.07,P<0.05).CONCLUSION In the maternal-fetal system of women with pregnancy complications,the barrier effect of the placenta against Ni is weakened,thus affecting healthy growth of the fetus in the uterus.

Comparison of mini-probe endoscopic ultrasonography with computed tomography scan in preoperative staging of esophageal cancer

Objective:To compare mini-probe endoscopic ultrasonography(MCUS)with computed tomography(CT)in pre-operative T and N staging of esophageal cancer,and to find out the MCUS parameters to judge lymph nodes metastasis for esophageal cancer.Methods:Thirty-five patients received both MCUS and CT preoperatively,on both of which the T and N stages were determined.The accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predicting value and negative predicting value were compared with the postoperative pathological results.Results:The accuracy of MCUS was 85.7% in T staging and 85.7% and 80.0% in N staging by two different methods,which were 45.7% and 74.3%,respectively,by CT.Conclusion:MCUS is better than CT in preoperative staging for esophageal cancer.The ratio of short to long axis(S/L)combined with short axis is a useful way to determine lymph nodes metastasis.

Hybrid Designing of a Neural System by Combining Fuzzy Logical Framework and PSVM for Visual Haze-Free Task

Brain-like computer research and development have been growing rapidly in recent years. It is necessary to design large scale dynamical neural networks (more than 106 neurons) to simulate complex process of our brain. But such kind of task is not easy to achieve only based on the analysis of partial differential equations, especially for those complex neural models, e.g. Rose-Hindmarsh (RH) model. So in this paper, we develop a novel approach by combining fuzzy logical designing with Proximal Support Vector Machine Classifiers (PSVM) learning in the designing of large scale neural networks. Particularly, our approach can effectively simplify the designing process, which is crucial for both cognition science and neural science. At last, we conduct our approach on an artificial neural system with more than 108 neurons for haze-free task, and the experimental results show that texture features extracted by fuzzy logic can effectively increase the texture information entropy and improve the effect of haze-removing in some degree.

One-Step Fabrication of Methylthiazole-Functionalized Anion Exchange Membranes for Diffusion Dialysis

Anion exchange membranesusing brominated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (BPPO) as starting material were prepared from one-step functionalization by 4-methylthiazole (MTz). The obtain membranes with high thermal stability and mechanical strength showed satisfied diffusion dialysis performance for acid recovery. Specifically, when the optimal membrane was evaluated to recover acid from the simulated iron polishing waste solution (1.0 mol·L-1 FeCl2 + 0.2 mol·L-1 HCl), its acid diffusion coefficient (UH+) was 0.019 m h-1 and separation factor was 40.1 at 25°C, both of these two parameters are much higher than the corresponding values of the commercial DF-120 membrane, suggesting the great potential in the practical application for acid recovery.

The Effect of Fabrication Conditions on the Morphology and Photocatalytic Activity of Bismutite Bi₂O₂CO₃Particles

In this study, three-dimensional bismutite Bi2O2CO3 nanoparticels (BSC NPs) have been synthesized through a facile hydrothermal treatment under mild conditions. The reaction temperatures and NaOH concentration have a vital influence on the physical and photocatalytic properties of the obtained BSC NPs. The crystal structure, morphology, chemical composition, specific surface area and photoresponse of as-obtained catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microsprctrosopy, Energy-dispersive spectroscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms and UV-Vis spectra, respectively. Furthermore, Rhodamine 6G was used as model reaction to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of BSC NPs. As a result, there was no obvious effect of hydrothermal reaction temperature and NaOH concentration on phase structure and UV-visible light response;while the morphology, BET surface area and photoactivity were affected by hydrothermal reaction temperature and NaOH concentration.

Influencing Factors and Improvement Strategy to the Quality of Nursing Work Life: A Review

This review introduces the definition, influencing factors and improvement strategy to the quality of nursing work life, which can provide references for nursing managers to understand the factors affecting the quality of nursing work life and choose effective measures to improve the quality of nursing work life.

Effect of Gum-Chewing after Cesarean Section on Gastrointestinal Function Recovery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Objective: To evaluate the effect of chewing sugar-free gum on gastrointestinal function recovery after cesarean section. Methods: Randomized controlled trials comparing the use of chewing gum in postoperative recovery with a control group were retrieved from the databases including Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP, et al. After screening literatures, evaluating the quality of studies, extracting data, the RevMan5.3 software was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 13 RCTs including 2233 patients were analyzed in the study. The results showed that chewing gum after cesarean delivery can effectively shorten the recovery time of bowel sounds, passage of flatus and first defecation (all P Conclusion: Chewing sugar-free gum after cesarean section can promote the early recovery of gastrointestinal function, but the side effects of chewing gum are still unclear, which needs more clinical, large sample and high-quality studies to further verify.

充分发挥中医药对大健康的作用

中医药是中国传统医药的简称,也是中华民族历史悠久、世代相传的医药体系的统称。中医药是中华民族的宝贵财富,为中华民族的繁衍昌盛作出了巨大贡献。2016年10月,中共中央、国务院印发的《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》中提出,要“充分发挥中医药独特优势”。同年12月6日,国务院新闻办发表《中国的中医药》白皮书,充分介绍了中国发展中医药的国家政策和主要措施,展示了中医药的科学价值和文化特点。中医药是中华民族的瑰宝,是我国医药卫生体系的特色和优势,是国家医药卫生事业的重要组成部分,对促进人民健康事业发挥着重要的作用。

Characterization of recombinant humanized collagen type Ⅲ and its influence on cell behavior and phenotype

Collagen made a tremendous impact in the field of regenerative medicine as a bioactive material.For decades,collagen has been used not only as a scaffolding material but also as an active component in regulating cells'biological behavior and phenotype.However,animal-derived collagen as a major source suffered from problems of immunogenicity,risk of viral infection,and the unclear relationship between bioactive sequence and function.Recombinant humanized collagen(rhCol)provided alternatives for regenerative medicine with more controllable risks.However,the characterization of rhCol and the interaction between rhCol and cells still need further investigation,including cell behavior and phenotype.The current study preliminarily demonstrated that recombinant humanized collagen typeⅢ(rhColⅢ)conformed to the theoretical amino acid sequence and had an advanced structure resembling bovine collagen.Furthermore,rhColⅢcould facilitate basal biological behaviors of human skin fibroblasts,such as adhesion,proliferation and migration.rhColⅢwas beneficial for some extracellular matrix-expressing cell phenotypes.The study would shed light on the mechanism research of rhCol and cell interactions and further understanding of effectiveness in tissue regeneration.