BACKGROUND:Pulmonary fibrosis(PF)is one of the main causes of death in patients with paraquat(PQ)poisoning.This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mitochondrial fi ssion and oxidative stress in PQ-induce...BACKGROUND:Pulmonary fibrosis(PF)is one of the main causes of death in patients with paraquat(PQ)poisoning.This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mitochondrial fi ssion and oxidative stress in PQ-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and PF.METHODS:C57BL/6 mice and MLE-12 cells were exposed to PQ to construct a PF model in vivo and in vitro.Histological changes in the lungs were examined by hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining.Mitochondrial morphology was detected by MitoTracker®Deep Red FM or transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to determine the expression of protein.The migration ability of the cells was detected by the cell scratch test.Mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)levels were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was applied to detect cytokine levels.Superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and the levels of glutathione(GSH)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected by chemichromatometry.RESULTS:PQ exposure caused EMT and PF in vivo and in vitro.PQ destroyed mitochondrial structure and enhanced the expression of dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1),which were accompanied by oxidative stress.Inhibiting mitochondrial fission using mitochondrial division inhibitor-1(Mdivi-1),a selective inhibitor of Drp1,attenuated PQ-induced EMT and oxidative damage.Treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC),an antioxidant,reduced Drp1 expression,attenuated mitochondrial structure damage and inhibited PQ-induced EMT and PF.Both Mdivi-1 and NAC treatment markedly suppressed mtDNA release,the expression of Toll-like receptor 9(TLR9)and phosphorylation(P)-NF-κB p65 as well as cytokines(interleukin 6[IL-6],interleukin-1β[IL-1β],and tumor necrosis factor-α[TNF-α])production.CONCLUSION:Mutual promotion of mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress contributes to EMT in PQ-induced PF,which is associated with the mtDNA/TLR9/NF-κB pathway.展开更多
Edible marine algae,or seaweeds,are a rich source of several bioactive compounds including phytosterols,carotenoids,and polysaccharides.Over the last decades,seaweed-derived constituents turned out to not only reside ...Edible marine algae,or seaweeds,are a rich source of several bioactive compounds including phytosterols,carotenoids,and polysaccharides.Over the last decades,seaweed-derived constituents turned out to not only reside in the systemic circulation,but are able to cross the blood-brain barrier to exert neuro-active functions both in homeostatic and pathological conditions.Therefore,seaweed-derived constituents have gained increasing interest for their neuro-immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties,rendering them interesting candidates for the management of several neurodegenerative disorders.In particular seaweed-derived phytosterols gained interest for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders as they potentiate neuroplasticity,enhance phagocytic clearance of neurotoxic peptides and have anti-inflammatory properties.Though,the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties of other constituents including carotenoids,phenols and polysaccharides have recently gained more interest.In this review,we provide an overview of a selection of the described neuro-active properties of seaweed-derived constituents with a focus on phytosterols.展开更多
Edible marine algae,or seaweeds,are a rich source of several bioactive compounds including phytosterols,carotenoids,and polysaccharides.Over the last decades,seaweedderived constituents turned out to not only reside i...Edible marine algae,or seaweeds,are a rich source of several bioactive compounds including phytosterols,carotenoids,and polysaccharides.Over the last decades,seaweedderived constituents turned out to not only reside in the systemic circulation,but are able to cross the blood-brain barrier to exert neuro-active functions both in homeostatic and pathological conditions.Therefore,seaweed-derived constituents have gained increasing interest for their neuro-immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties,rendering them interesting candidates for the management of several neurodegenerative disorders.In particular seaweed-derived phytosterols gained interest for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders as they potentiate neuroplasticity,enhance phagocytic clearance of neurotoxic peptides and have anti-inflammatory properties.Though,the antiinflammatory and anti-oxidative properties of other constituents including carotenoids,phenols and polysaccharides have recently gained more interest.In this review,we provide an overview of a selection of the described neuro-active properties of seaweed-derived constituents with a focus on phytosterols.展开更多
In this work, the microstructure and precipitation phases were primarily characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile and tear test. The results indicated that...In this work, the microstructure and precipitation phases were primarily characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile and tear test. The results indicated that the samples aged at 145 ℃ for 45 h or 155 ℃ for 30 h possessed a preferable combination of strength and plasticity, owing to the precipitation of well-dispersed T1 （A12CuLi） phases （diameter 〈 150 nm）. However, aging at more than 165 ℃ caused an obvious size growth of T1 plates, leading to the quick reduction in plasticity and toughness. Furthermore, the high Cu/Li ratio resulted in distinct precipitation features, including a shorter incubation time of T1 phase and the aggravated precipitate-free zones.展开更多
基金supported by the Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(Y2020092)partly by the Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province in the 13th Five-Year Plan period(Emergency Department).
文摘BACKGROUND:Pulmonary fibrosis(PF)is one of the main causes of death in patients with paraquat(PQ)poisoning.This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mitochondrial fi ssion and oxidative stress in PQ-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and PF.METHODS:C57BL/6 mice and MLE-12 cells were exposed to PQ to construct a PF model in vivo and in vitro.Histological changes in the lungs were examined by hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining.Mitochondrial morphology was detected by MitoTracker®Deep Red FM or transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to determine the expression of protein.The migration ability of the cells was detected by the cell scratch test.Mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)levels were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was applied to detect cytokine levels.Superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and the levels of glutathione(GSH)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected by chemichromatometry.RESULTS:PQ exposure caused EMT and PF in vivo and in vitro.PQ destroyed mitochondrial structure and enhanced the expression of dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1),which were accompanied by oxidative stress.Inhibiting mitochondrial fission using mitochondrial division inhibitor-1(Mdivi-1),a selective inhibitor of Drp1,attenuated PQ-induced EMT and oxidative damage.Treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC),an antioxidant,reduced Drp1 expression,attenuated mitochondrial structure damage and inhibited PQ-induced EMT and PF.Both Mdivi-1 and NAC treatment markedly suppressed mtDNA release,the expression of Toll-like receptor 9(TLR9)and phosphorylation(P)-NF-κB p65 as well as cytokines(interleukin 6[IL-6],interleukin-1β[IL-1β],and tumor necrosis factor-α[TNF-α])production.CONCLUSION:Mutual promotion of mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress contributes to EMT in PQ-induced PF,which is associated with the mtDNA/TLR9/NF-κB pathway.
基金NWO-TTW(Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research),No.16437Alzheimer Nederland,No.WE.03-2018-06
文摘Edible marine algae,or seaweeds,are a rich source of several bioactive compounds including phytosterols,carotenoids,and polysaccharides.Over the last decades,seaweed-derived constituents turned out to not only reside in the systemic circulation,but are able to cross the blood-brain barrier to exert neuro-active functions both in homeostatic and pathological conditions.Therefore,seaweed-derived constituents have gained increasing interest for their neuro-immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties,rendering them interesting candidates for the management of several neurodegenerative disorders.In particular seaweed-derived phytosterols gained interest for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders as they potentiate neuroplasticity,enhance phagocytic clearance of neurotoxic peptides and have anti-inflammatory properties.Though,the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties of other constituents including carotenoids,phenols and polysaccharides have recently gained more interest.In this review,we provide an overview of a selection of the described neuro-active properties of seaweed-derived constituents with a focus on phytosterols.
基金NWO-TTW(Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research),No.16437Alzheimer Nederland,No.WE.03-2018-06.
文摘Edible marine algae,or seaweeds,are a rich source of several bioactive compounds including phytosterols,carotenoids,and polysaccharides.Over the last decades,seaweedderived constituents turned out to not only reside in the systemic circulation,but are able to cross the blood-brain barrier to exert neuro-active functions both in homeostatic and pathological conditions.Therefore,seaweed-derived constituents have gained increasing interest for their neuro-immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties,rendering them interesting candidates for the management of several neurodegenerative disorders.In particular seaweed-derived phytosterols gained interest for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders as they potentiate neuroplasticity,enhance phagocytic clearance of neurotoxic peptides and have anti-inflammatory properties.Though,the antiinflammatory and anti-oxidative properties of other constituents including carotenoids,phenols and polysaccharides have recently gained more interest.In this review,we provide an overview of a selection of the described neuro-active properties of seaweed-derived constituents with a focus on phytosterols.
基金the financial support of the Fund of National Engineering and Research Center for Commercial Aircraft Manufacturing (No. SAMC13-JS-15-032)Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education (No. KYLX0259)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Foundation of Graduate Innovation Center in NUAA(No. kfjj20130220)Opening Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology (No. ASMA201401)
文摘In this work, the microstructure and precipitation phases were primarily characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile and tear test. The results indicated that the samples aged at 145 ℃ for 45 h or 155 ℃ for 30 h possessed a preferable combination of strength and plasticity, owing to the precipitation of well-dispersed T1 （A12CuLi） phases （diameter 〈 150 nm）. However, aging at more than 165 ℃ caused an obvious size growth of T1 plates, leading to the quick reduction in plasticity and toughness. Furthermore, the high Cu/Li ratio resulted in distinct precipitation features, including a shorter incubation time of T1 phase and the aggravated precipitate-free zones.
