AIM: To investigate the potential protective effect of exogenous recombinant interleukin-22(r IL-22) on L-arginine-induced acute severe pancreatitis(SAP)-associated lung injury and the possible signaling pathway invol...AIM: To investigate the potential protective effect of exogenous recombinant interleukin-22(r IL-22) on L-arginine-induced acute severe pancreatitis(SAP)-associated lung injury and the possible signaling pathway involved.METHODS: Balb/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with L-arginine to induce SAP. Recombinant mouse IL-22 was then administered subcutaneously to mice. Serum amylase levels and myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity in the lung tissue were measured after the L-arginine administration. Histopathology of the pancreas and lung was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining. Expression of B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2(Bcl-2), Bcl-x L and IL-22RA1 m RNAs in the lung tissue was detected by real-time PCR. Expression and phosphorylation of STAT3 were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: Serum amylase levels and MPO activity in the lung tissue in the SAP group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group(P < 0.05). In addition, the animals in the SAP group showed significant pancreatic and lung injuries. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x L m RNAs in the SAP group was decreased markedly, while the IL-22RA1 m RNA expression was increased significantly relative to the normal control group(P < 0.05). Pretreatment with PBS did not significantly affect the serum amylase levels, MPO activity or expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-x L or IL-22RA1 m RNA(P > 0.05). Moreover, no significant differences in the degrees of pancreatic and lung injuries were observed between the PBS and SAP groups. However, the serum amylase levels and lung tissue MPO activity in the r IL-22 group were significantly lower than those in the SAP group(P < 0.05), and the injuries in the pancreas and lung were also improved. Compared with the PBS group, r IL-22 stimulated the expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-x L and IL-22RA1 m RNAs in the lung(P < 0.05). In addition, the ratio of p-STAT3 to STAT3 protein in the r IL-22 group was significantly higher than that in the PBS group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Exogenous recombinant IL-22 protects mice against L-arginine-induced SAP-associated lung injury by enhancing the expression of anti-apoptosis genes through the STAT3 signaling pathway.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: BALB/c nude mice were randomized into four groups 24 h before subcuta...AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: BALB/c nude mice were randomized into four groups 24 h before subcutaneous injection of hepatocarcinoma BEL7402 cells suspended in phosphate buffered saline(PBS) into the right flank. The control group(n = 10) was fed a standard diet while treatment groups(n = 10 each) were fed a standard daily diet supplemented with different concentrations of UDCA(30,50 and 70 mg/kg per day) for 21 d. Tumor growth was measured once each week,and tumor volume(V) was calculated with the following equation: V =(L × W2) × 0.52,where L is the length and W is the width of the xenograft. After 21 d,mice were killed under ether anesthesia,and tumors were excised and weighed. Apoptosis was evaluated through detection of DNA fragmentation with gel electrophoresis and the terminaldeoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of apoptosisrelated proteins BAX,BCL2,APAF1,cleaved caspase-9,and cleaved caspase-3.RESULTS: UDCA suppressed tumor growth relative to controls. The mean tumor volumes were the following: control,1090 ± 89 mm3; 30 mg/kg per day,612 ± 46 mm3; 50 mg/kg per day,563 ± 38 mm3; and 70 mg/kg per day,221 ± 26 mm3. Decreased tumor volumes reached statistical significance relative to control xenografts(30 mg/kg per day,P < 0.05; 50 mg/kg per day,P < 0.05; 70 mg/kg per day,P < 0.01). Increasing concentrations of UDCA led to increased DNA fragmentation observed on gel electrophoresis and in the TUNEL assay(control,1.6% ± 0.3%; 30 mg/kg per day,2.9% ± 0.5%; 50 mg/kg per day,3.15% ± 0.7%,and 70 mg/kg per day,4.86% ± 0.9%). Western blot analysis revealed increased expression of BAX,APAF1,cleaved-caspase-9 and cleaved-caspase-3 proteins,which induce apoptosis,but decreased expression of BCL2 protein,which is an inhibitor of apoptosis,following administration of UDCA. CONCLUSION: UDCA suppresses growth of BEL7402 hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vivo,in part through apoptosis induction,and is thus a candidate for therapeutic treatment of HCC.展开更多
BACKGROUND Esophageal schwannomas are uncommon esophageal submucosal benign tumors and are usually treated with surgery.CASE SUMMARY Here,we report three cases of middle/lower thoracic esophageal schwannoma treated su...BACKGROUND Esophageal schwannomas are uncommon esophageal submucosal benign tumors and are usually treated with surgery.CASE SUMMARY Here,we report three cases of middle/lower thoracic esophageal schwannoma treated successfully with endoscopic resection.These lesions were misdiagnosed as leiomyoma on preoperative imaging.During the endoscopic resection of such tumors,there is a risk of esophageal perforation due to their deep location.If possible,submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection should be used.CONCLUSION For larger schwannomas,endoscopy combined with thoracoscopy can be considered for en bloc resection.We performed a mini literature review in order to present the current status of diagnosis and treatment for esophageal schwannoma.展开更多
In the report,we describe a case of refractory benign esophageal strictures from esophageal cancer after an operation for the placement of three partially covered self-expanding metal stents (SEMSs),which were all emb...In the report,we describe a case of refractory benign esophageal strictures from esophageal cancer after an operation for the placement of three partially covered self-expanding metal stents (SEMSs),which were all embedded in the esophageal wall.Using the stentin-stent technique,the three embedded SEMSs were successfully removed without significant complications.To the best of our knowledge,few cases of the successful removal of multiple embedded esophageal SEMSs have been reported in the literature.This case also highlights that the stent-in-stent technique is effective for removing multiple embedded esophageal SEMSs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Endometriosis affects approximately 10%of reproductive-age women,however,endometriosis associated malignant transformation is rare and is often report as a rare case.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report of a 49-ye...BACKGROUND Endometriosis affects approximately 10%of reproductive-age women,however,endometriosis associated malignant transformation is rare and is often report as a rare case.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report of a 49-year-old female patient who suffered from severe left lower abdominal pain and imaging examination revealed an irregular mass in the left iliac fossa.Histopathological examination revealed main undifferentiated adenocarcinoma with a few typical endometrial epithelial and stromal tissues in the adjacent area.Combined with the immunohistochemical staining and the negative intra-or postoperative results from exploratory laparotomy,gastroscopy,enteroscopy and positron emission tomography,the tumor was considered to be derived from endometriosis.The patient underwent hysterectomy,bilateral salpingectomy,bilateral ovariectomy,and multipoint biopsy of the pelvic peritoneum.Subsequent radiotherapy and chemotherapy were performed.The patient recovered well post-operation and there was no evidence of recurrence after 10 mo of follow-up via computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.CONCLUSION This case highlights a rare presentation of mass-like extragonadal endometriosis associated malignant transformation in the pelvis.Endometriosis associated malignant transformation is rare and difficult to diagnose in clinical settings,with diagnoses depending on pathological results and the exclusion of metastasis from other organs.Fortunately,patients are often diagnosed at younger ages,as well as at early stages;thus they generally have relatively favorable prognoses.展开更多
In this paper, we developed a novel method of combining remote sensing tools at the sub-pixel level for accurate identification of impervious surface time series changes. We examined the use of the red-green-blue impe...In this paper, we developed a novel method of combining remote sensing tools at the sub-pixel level for accurate identification of impervious surface time series changes. We examined the use of the red-green-blue impervious surface model (RGB-IS) in detecting time series internal modification of urban regions by integrating Landsat data collected over four different periods between 1987 and 2009 (i.e., 1987, 2000, 2002, and 2009). The performance of this approach was compared with two conventional methods, namely standard RGB-normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and post-classification technique. In contrast to conventional techniques, RGB-IS could monitor between-class changes, within-class changes, and location of these modifications. The proposed method was independent of seasonal changes and was also able to serve as a useful alternative for quick mapping growth hotspots and updating transportation corridor map. The results also showed that Cixi County, Zhejiang Province, China experienced tremendous impervious surface changes, especially along the corridors of newly constructed highways and around urban areas over the past 22 years.展开更多
基金the Ministry of Education-China Mobile Research Foundation Project of China(MCM20180703)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB1711100)for financial support.
基金Supported by the Shandong Provincial Science and TechnologyCommittee of China,No.2014GGH218034
文摘AIM: To investigate the potential protective effect of exogenous recombinant interleukin-22(r IL-22) on L-arginine-induced acute severe pancreatitis(SAP)-associated lung injury and the possible signaling pathway involved.METHODS: Balb/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with L-arginine to induce SAP. Recombinant mouse IL-22 was then administered subcutaneously to mice. Serum amylase levels and myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity in the lung tissue were measured after the L-arginine administration. Histopathology of the pancreas and lung was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining. Expression of B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2(Bcl-2), Bcl-x L and IL-22RA1 m RNAs in the lung tissue was detected by real-time PCR. Expression and phosphorylation of STAT3 were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS: Serum amylase levels and MPO activity in the lung tissue in the SAP group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group(P < 0.05). In addition, the animals in the SAP group showed significant pancreatic and lung injuries. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x L m RNAs in the SAP group was decreased markedly, while the IL-22RA1 m RNA expression was increased significantly relative to the normal control group(P < 0.05). Pretreatment with PBS did not significantly affect the serum amylase levels, MPO activity or expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-x L or IL-22RA1 m RNA(P > 0.05). Moreover, no significant differences in the degrees of pancreatic and lung injuries were observed between the PBS and SAP groups. However, the serum amylase levels and lung tissue MPO activity in the r IL-22 group were significantly lower than those in the SAP group(P < 0.05), and the injuries in the pancreas and lung were also improved. Compared with the PBS group, r IL-22 stimulated the expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-x L and IL-22RA1 m RNAs in the lung(P < 0.05). In addition, the ratio of p-STAT3 to STAT3 protein in the r IL-22 group was significantly higher than that in the PBS group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Exogenous recombinant IL-22 protects mice against L-arginine-induced SAP-associated lung injury by enhancing the expression of anti-apoptosis genes through the STAT3 signaling pathway.
基金Supported by Grants from the Shandong Provincial Science and Technology Committee of China,No.2013GSF11852the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.ZR2014HM106
文摘AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: BALB/c nude mice were randomized into four groups 24 h before subcutaneous injection of hepatocarcinoma BEL7402 cells suspended in phosphate buffered saline(PBS) into the right flank. The control group(n = 10) was fed a standard diet while treatment groups(n = 10 each) were fed a standard daily diet supplemented with different concentrations of UDCA(30,50 and 70 mg/kg per day) for 21 d. Tumor growth was measured once each week,and tumor volume(V) was calculated with the following equation: V =(L × W2) × 0.52,where L is the length and W is the width of the xenograft. After 21 d,mice were killed under ether anesthesia,and tumors were excised and weighed. Apoptosis was evaluated through detection of DNA fragmentation with gel electrophoresis and the terminaldeoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of apoptosisrelated proteins BAX,BCL2,APAF1,cleaved caspase-9,and cleaved caspase-3.RESULTS: UDCA suppressed tumor growth relative to controls. The mean tumor volumes were the following: control,1090 ± 89 mm3; 30 mg/kg per day,612 ± 46 mm3; 50 mg/kg per day,563 ± 38 mm3; and 70 mg/kg per day,221 ± 26 mm3. Decreased tumor volumes reached statistical significance relative to control xenografts(30 mg/kg per day,P < 0.05; 50 mg/kg per day,P < 0.05; 70 mg/kg per day,P < 0.01). Increasing concentrations of UDCA led to increased DNA fragmentation observed on gel electrophoresis and in the TUNEL assay(control,1.6% ± 0.3%; 30 mg/kg per day,2.9% ± 0.5%; 50 mg/kg per day,3.15% ± 0.7%,and 70 mg/kg per day,4.86% ± 0.9%). Western blot analysis revealed increased expression of BAX,APAF1,cleaved-caspase-9 and cleaved-caspase-3 proteins,which induce apoptosis,but decreased expression of BCL2 protein,which is an inhibitor of apoptosis,following administration of UDCA. CONCLUSION: UDCA suppresses growth of BEL7402 hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vivo,in part through apoptosis induction,and is thus a candidate for therapeutic treatment of HCC.
基金Supported by The Shandong Key Research and Development Program,No.2016GSF201004and The Jinan Science and Technology Plan Project,No.201705055.
文摘BACKGROUND Esophageal schwannomas are uncommon esophageal submucosal benign tumors and are usually treated with surgery.CASE SUMMARY Here,we report three cases of middle/lower thoracic esophageal schwannoma treated successfully with endoscopic resection.These lesions were misdiagnosed as leiomyoma on preoperative imaging.During the endoscopic resection of such tumors,there is a risk of esophageal perforation due to their deep location.If possible,submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection should be used.CONCLUSION For larger schwannomas,endoscopy combined with thoracoscopy can be considered for en bloc resection.We performed a mini literature review in order to present the current status of diagnosis and treatment for esophageal schwannoma.
基金Supported by Shandong Provincial Science and Technology Committee of China,No.2014GGH218034
文摘In the report,we describe a case of refractory benign esophageal strictures from esophageal cancer after an operation for the placement of three partially covered self-expanding metal stents (SEMSs),which were all embedded in the esophageal wall.Using the stentin-stent technique,the three embedded SEMSs were successfully removed without significant complications.To the best of our knowledge,few cases of the successful removal of multiple embedded esophageal SEMSs have been reported in the literature.This case also highlights that the stent-in-stent technique is effective for removing multiple embedded esophageal SEMSs.
文摘BACKGROUND Endometriosis affects approximately 10%of reproductive-age women,however,endometriosis associated malignant transformation is rare and is often report as a rare case.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we report of a 49-year-old female patient who suffered from severe left lower abdominal pain and imaging examination revealed an irregular mass in the left iliac fossa.Histopathological examination revealed main undifferentiated adenocarcinoma with a few typical endometrial epithelial and stromal tissues in the adjacent area.Combined with the immunohistochemical staining and the negative intra-or postoperative results from exploratory laparotomy,gastroscopy,enteroscopy and positron emission tomography,the tumor was considered to be derived from endometriosis.The patient underwent hysterectomy,bilateral salpingectomy,bilateral ovariectomy,and multipoint biopsy of the pelvic peritoneum.Subsequent radiotherapy and chemotherapy were performed.The patient recovered well post-operation and there was no evidence of recurrence after 10 mo of follow-up via computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.CONCLUSION This case highlights a rare presentation of mass-like extragonadal endometriosis associated malignant transformation in the pelvis.Endometriosis associated malignant transformation is rare and difficult to diagnose in clinical settings,with diagnoses depending on pathological results and the exclusion of metastasis from other organs.Fortunately,patients are often diagnosed at younger ages,as well as at early stages;thus they generally have relatively favorable prognoses.
基金Project (No. 2006BAJ05A02) supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period of China
文摘In this paper, we developed a novel method of combining remote sensing tools at the sub-pixel level for accurate identification of impervious surface time series changes. We examined the use of the red-green-blue impervious surface model (RGB-IS) in detecting time series internal modification of urban regions by integrating Landsat data collected over four different periods between 1987 and 2009 (i.e., 1987, 2000, 2002, and 2009). The performance of this approach was compared with two conventional methods, namely standard RGB-normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and post-classification technique. In contrast to conventional techniques, RGB-IS could monitor between-class changes, within-class changes, and location of these modifications. The proposed method was independent of seasonal changes and was also able to serve as a useful alternative for quick mapping growth hotspots and updating transportation corridor map. The results also showed that Cixi County, Zhejiang Province, China experienced tremendous impervious surface changes, especially along the corridors of newly constructed highways and around urban areas over the past 22 years.
