Postoperative efficacy,safety,predictability,and visual quality of implantable collamer lens implantation versus small incision lenticule extraction in myopic eyes:a Meta-analysis

AIM:To compare the postoperative efficacy,safety,predictability,and visual quality of implantable collamer lens(ICL)implantation versus small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)in myopia eyes.METHODS:Pub Med,EMBASE,Web of Science,Cochrane Library and several Chinese databases were searched at May 2021 to select relevant studies in comparison of clinical outcomes between ICL implantation and SMILE for myopia.The primary outcomes were efficacy,safety,and predictability.And the secondary outcomes were postoperative higher-order ocular aberrations(HOAs),modulation transfer function cutoff frequency(MTF),objective scatter index(OSI),contrast sensitivity and a quality of vision(Qo V)questionnaire.RESULTS:A total of 1036 eyes from 10 studies,of which 503 eyes underwent ICL implantation and 533 eyes underwent SMILE,were enrolled in this Meta-analysis.Pooled results revealed that ICL group had a better safety index and post-corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA)(P=0.007,<0.00001,respectively),and a lower percentage of eyes with a postoperative CDVA lost 1 line(P=0.007)than the SMILE group.No significant differences were found in comparison of the other primary outcomes.In the longterm follow-up(>6mo),ICL group had a lower total HOA,coma,and spherical aberration than SMILE group(P=0.003,<0.00001,0.04).Yet higher trefoil was found in ICL group at 6mo after surgery(P=0.003).Additionally,ICL group also had a higher MTF value(P=0.02),and a higher contrast sensitivity score for spatial frequencies of 1.5,6,and 12 cpds(P=0.02,0.005,0.02,respectively).And it also had a lower score of bothersome in Qo V questionnaire than SMILE group(P=0.003).CONCLUSION:ICL implantation and SMILE have similar and comparable outcomes in term of the efficacy and predictability for correcting high myopia.However,ICL group is relatively safer and also has better visual quality in comparison of SMILE group.

Influence of hypoxia on retinal progenitor and ganglion cells in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal organoids

AIM:To observe the effect of low oxygen concentration on the neural retina in human induced pluripotent stem cell(hiPSC)-derived retinal organoids(ROs).METHODS:The hiPSC and a three-dimensional culture method were used for the experiments.Generated embryoid bodies(EBs)were randomly and equally divided into hypoxic and normoxic groups.Photographs of the EBs were taken on days 38,45,and 52,and the corresponding volume of EBs was calculated.Simultaneously,samples were collected at these three timepoints,followed by fixation,sectioning,and immunofluorescence.RESULTS:The proportion of Ki67-positive proliferating cells increased steadily on day 38;this proliferationpromoting effect tended to increase tissue density rather than tissue volume.On days 45 and 52,the two groups had relatively similar ratios of Ki67-positive cells.Further immunofluorescence analysis showed that the ratio of SOX2-positive cells significantly increased within the neural retina on day 52(P<0.05).In contrast,the percentage of PAX6-and CHX10-positive cells significantly decreased following hypoxia treatment at all three timepoints(P<0.01),except for CHX10 at day 45(P>0.05).Moreover,the proportion of PAX6-/TUJ1+cells within the neural retinas increased considerably(P<0.01,<0.05,<0.05 respectively).CONCLUSION:Low oxygen promotes stemness and proliferation of neural retinas,suggesting that hypoxic conditions can enlarge the retinal progenitor cell pool in hiPSC-derived ROs.

Salvage liver transplantation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma:A Meta-analysis

AIM:To evaluate survival and recurrence after salvage liver transplantation(SLT) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) compared with primary liver transplantation(PLT) using a meta-analysis.METHODS:Literature on SLT versus PLT for the treatment of HCC published between 1966 and July 2011 was retrieved.A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate pooled survival and disease-free rates.A fixed or random-effect model was established to collect the data.RESULTS:The differences in overall survival and disease-free survival rates at 1-year,3-year and 5-year survival rates were not statistically significant between SLT group and PLT group(P > 0.05).After stratifying the various studies by donor source and Milan criteria,we found that:(1) Living donor liver transplantation recipients had significantly higher 1-year survival rate,lower 3-year and 5-year survival rates compared with deceased-donor liver transplantation(DDLT) recipients.And in DDLT recipients they had better 1-year and 5-year disease-free survival rate in SLT group;and(2) No difference was seen in 1-year,3-year and 5-year survival rates between two groups who beyond Milan criteria at the time of liver transplantation.CONCLUSION:SLT can be effectively performed for patients with recurrence or deterioration of liver function after hepatectomy for HCC.It does not increase the perioperative mortality and has a similar long-term survival rates compared to PLT.

CTLA-4 and MDR1 polymorphisms increase the risk for ulcerative colitis:A meta-analysis

AIM:To evaluate the correlations between cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4(CTLA-4) and multidrug resistance 1(MDR1) genes polymorphisms with ulcerative colitis(UC) risk.METHODS:Pub Med,EMBASE,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,CBM databases,Springerlink,Wiley,EBSCO,Ovid,Wanfang database,VIP database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and Weipu Journal databases were exhaustively searched using combinations of keywords relating to CTLA-4,MDR1 and UC. The published studies were filtered using our stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria,the quality assessment for each eligible study was conducted using Critical Appraisal Skill Program and the resultant high-quality data from final selected studies were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-analysis 2.0(CMA 2.0) software. The correlations between SNPs of CTLA-4 gene,MDR1 gene and the risk of UC were evaluated by OR at 95%CI. Z test was carried out to evaluate the significance of overall effect values. Cochran's Q-statistic and I2 tests were applied to quantify heterogeneity among studies. Funnel plots,classic fail-safe N and Egger's linear regression test were inspected for indication of publication bias.RESULTS:A total of 107 studies were initially retrieved and 12 studies were eventually selected for metaanalysis. These 12 case-control studies involved 1860 UC patients and 2663 healthy controls. Our major result revealed that single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of CTLA-4 gene rs3087243 G > A and rs231775 G > A may increase the risk of UC(rs3087243 G > A:allele model:OR = 1.365,95%CI:1.023-1.822,P = 0.035; dominant model:OR = 1.569,95%CI:1.269-1.940,P < 0.001; rs231775 G > A:allele model:OR = 1.583,95%CI:= 1.306-1.918,P < 0.001; dominant model:OR = 1.805,95%CI:1.393-2.340,P < 0.001). In addition,based on our result,SNPs of MDR1 gene rs1045642 C > T might also confer a significant increases for the risk of UC(allele model:OR = 1.389,95%CI:1.214-1.590,P < 0.001; dominant model:OR = 1.518,95%CI:1.222-1.886,P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:CTLA-4 gene rs3087243 G > A and rs231775 G > A,and MDR1 gene rs1045642 C > T might confer an increase for UC risk.

KAI1 reverses the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human pancreatic cancer cells

Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in pancreatic cancer (PC). In the present study, we investigated the effects of KAI1 gene overexpression on the EMT of human PC cell lines, MIA PaCa-2 and PACN-1. Methods: Plasmids overexpressing KAI1 and pCMV were transfected into MIA PaCa-2 and PACN-1 cells, respectively. After selection of differently transfected cells by G418, KAI1 protein levels were examined by Western blotting, and transfected cells were renamed as MIA PaCa-2-K, MIA PaCa-2-p, PACN-1-K and PACN-1-p. Wound healing and Transwell migration assays were then performed comparing the two groups of cells. EMT-related markers were analyzed by Western blotting. Results: The percentage of wound closure significantly decreased in MIA PaCa-2-K cells compared with MIA PaCa-2-p and MIA PaCa-2 cells after 24, 48 and 72 h ( P < 0.05). In PACN-1-K cells, the percentage of wound closure significantly decreased as well ( P < 0.05). Numbers of invading MIA PaCa-2, MIA PaCa-2-p and MIA PaCa-2-K cells were determined as 48.0 ±15.4, 50.0 ±12.4, and 12.0 ±3.8, respectively. The corresponding numbers of invading PACN-1, PACN-1-p and PACN-1-K cells were 29.0 ±10.6, 31.0 ±11.4, and 8.0 ±4.2, respectively. KAI1 overexpression induced a significant upregulation of E-cadherin and also significant downregulation of Snail, vimentin, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 (all P < 0.05) in PC cells. Conclusions: KAI1 reversed EMT-related marker expression and inhibited migration and invasion of PC cells. Thus, KAI1 might represent a novel potential therapeutic target for PC.

Feasibility of using marginal liver grafts in living donor liver transplantation

Liver transplantation(LT) is one of the most effective treatments for end-stage liver disease caused by related risk factors when liver resection is contraindicated. Additionally,despite the decrease in the prevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) over the past two decades,the absolute number of HBs Ag-positive people has increased,leading to an increase in HBV-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Consequently,a large demand exists for LT. While the wait time for patients on the donor list is,to some degree,shorter due to the development of living donor liver transplantation(LDLT),there is still a shortage of liver grafts. Furthermore,recipients often suffer from emergent conditions,such as liver dysfunction or even hepatic encephalopathy,which can lead to a limited choice in grafts. To expand the pool of available liver grafts,one option is the use of organs that were previously considered "unusable" by many,which are often labeled "marginal" organs. Many previous studies have reported on the possibilities of using marginal grafts in orthotopic LT; however,there is still a lack of discussion on this topic,especially regarding the feasibility of using marginal grafts in LDLT. Therefore,the present review aimed to summarize the feasibility of using marginal liver grafts for LDLT and discuss the possibility of expanding the application of these grafts.

INVERSE OPALINE STRUCTURE TITANIA PHOTONIC CRYSTALS BY FUNCTIONALLY MODIFIED COLLOIDAL CRYSTALS TEMPLATING

Ordered macroporous titania photonic crystals （PCs） and photonic balls were fabricated by functional modified polymer colloidal crystals. The TiO2 PCs and balls formed through this method exhibit no cracks and lacunae in large areas on their surface and their inner structures.

Laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy in pediatric living donor liver transplantation by single-port approach:A case report

BACKGROUND Single-port laparoscopy has been used in a variety of abdominal operations.We report the first case of single-port laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy in pediatric laparoscopic living donor liver transplantation.CASE SUMMARY A 28-year-old man volunteered for living liver donation to his daughter who was diagnosed with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension after the Kasai procedure for biliary atresia.His body mass index was 20.5 kg/m2.Liver dynamic computed tomography showed:(1)Left lateral graft volume of 232.76 cm3 with a graft-torecipient weight ratio of 2.59%;and(2)Right hepatic artery derived from the superior mesenteric artery.A single-port access system was placed through a transumbilical incision,including four trocars:two 12-mm ports for a camera and endoscopic stapler and two 5-mm working ports.Liver parenchyma was dissected by a Harmonic and Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator,while bipolar was used for coagulation.The bile duct was transected above the bifurcation by indocyanine green fluorescence cholangiography.The specimen was retrieved from the umbilical incision.The total operation time was 4 h without blood transfusion.The final graft weight was 233.6 g with graft-torecipient weight ratio of 2.60%.The donor was discharged uneventfully on postoperative day 4.CONCLUSION Single-port laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy is feasible in pediatric laparoscopic living donor liver transplantation in an experienced transplant center.

Portal hypertension in a patient with biliary hamartomas: A case report

BACKGROUND Biliary hamartomas(BH)are a rare benign disease caused by malformation of the intrahepatic bile ducts.BH are occasionally diagnosed,but often lack obvious clinical symptoms.They are usually diagnosed by biopsy and imaging tests in clinical practice.Few studies have reported the association of BH with portal hypertension.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old man was repeatedly admitted to our hospital due to hematochezia.The source of bleeding was considered to be gastroesophageal varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy by endoscopy.He had no history of hepatitis virus infection,alcohol abuse,drug-induced liver injury,or autoimmune liver disease.He underwent magnetic resonance imaging,which showed rounded,irregular,low-signal-T1 and high-signal-T2 lesions diffusely distributed on the liver,that were not communicated with the biliary system on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.According to the imaging examination,the patient was considered to have a diagnosis of BH with portal hypertension.CONCLUSION Based on the present case report,BH may be a potential etiology of portal hypertension.

高甘油三酯血症性急性胰腺炎的降脂治疗进展

随着生活水平的提高,高甘油三酯血症(hypertriglyce-ridemia,HTG)已经成为中国急性胰腺炎(acute pancrea-titis,AP)的第二大病因.高甘油三酯血症性急性胰腺炎(hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis,HTG-AP)相较于其他原因所致AP有其独特的特点.首先,血淀粉酶、脂肪酶升高不明显;其次,病情严重程度与血甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)水平成正相关.治疗HTG-AP的关键是迅速降低血脂,常用的方法包括饮食调整、降脂药物、低分子肝素联合胰岛素、血液净化以及中西医结合治疗等.本文就国内外HTG-AP降脂方法的进展作一综述.

基于搅拌摩擦点加工技术的TA15钛合金板及其TIG焊接接头组织及硬度（英文）

基于搅拌摩擦点焊加工技术(FSSP),对TA15钛合金TIG焊接接头的组织和硬度进行研究。采用金相分析和硬度测试方法,分别对TA15板材及其TIG焊接接头进行组织分析和硬度测试。结果表明,FSSP不但能有效改善TA15板材组织,而且可以提高其显微硬度,同时也可以改善TA15合金TIG焊接接头的显微微组织。焊核区平均显微硬度值显著提高,热影响区显微硬度值略有增加。搅拌区的硬度明显高于母材,且沿着宽度方向出现两个硬度峰值。经过FSSP之后,TA15合金TIG焊接接头焊核区的平均硬度值与FSSP之前相比,有了显著提高。此外,在所选工艺参数下,TA15板材及其TIG焊接接头经过FSSP之后,表面氧化均不明显,同时也发现,表面均出现晶粒细小的光亮白层组织。

LASIK/PRK术后人工晶状体度数计算的研究进展

随着屈光不正患者数量的增加及角膜屈光手术的盛行,越来越多早期选择角膜屈光手术(LASIK/PRK)矫正高度近视的患者如今面临着白内障手术,然而,用常规方法计算这部分患者的人工晶状体度数往往是不精确的。目前的第三代和第四代公式过高地估计了角膜屈光力,导致人工晶状体度数矫正不足,从而出现术后的远视漂移。而传统的角膜地形图采用2.5~3.2mm范围环上的角膜计算角膜屈光力,忽略了角膜中央的真实曲率,导致角膜屈光术后尤其是偏中心切削患者术后出现严重的屈光误差。本文旨在总结LASIK/PRK术后患者人工晶状体度数计算最新的误差来源以及最新计算方法,为提高屈光术后患者人工晶状体度数计算的准确性提供更多的选择。

改良Haigis方法计算近视屈光手术后人工晶状体屈光度的准确性

目的:比较改良Haigis公式计算近视准分子激光术后人工晶状体(IOL)屈光度的准确性。方法:选取2014-02/2019-03在天津市眼科医院行超声乳化联合IOL植入术的白内障患者31例31眼,所有患者既往均接受过近视角膜屈光手术(LASIK/PRK),白内障术后至少随访6mo进行验光。比较不同角膜半径范围(2.0、3.0、4.0、4.5、5.0mm)的等效角膜曲率(EKR)联合Haigis公式计算近视术后IOL屈光度的准确性,得到改良Haigis公式,进而比较改良Haigis公式与Barrett true K、Haigis-L、Shammas-PL公式计算近视术后IOL屈光度的准确性。结果:4.0mm EKR联合Haigis公式计得到的术后中位数绝对屈光误差(MedAE)和平均绝对屈光误差(MAE)明显低于4.5mm EKR和5.0mm EKR(均P<0.01),且术后屈光误差(PE)在±0.50、±1.00、±2.00D范围内的患者百分比也明显高于4.5mm EKR和5.0mm EKR(均P<0.05),故将4.0mm EKR联合Haigis公式命名为改良Haigis公式。改良Haigis、Barrett true K、Haigis-L、Shammas-PL公式的术后MedAE分别为0.58(0.27,1.12)、0.51(0.30,1.15)、1.26(0.67,1.72)、0.77(0.36,1.45)D,术后PE在±0.50D和±1.00D内的患者百分比分别为42%和74%、52%和71%、22%和42%、32%和61%。在眼轴长度(AL)<27mm和27mm≤AL≤30mm患者中,Haigis-L公式的术后PE值高于改良Haigis公式(P=0.019、0.0142)和Barrett true K公式(P=0.002、<0.001)。在27mm≤AL≤30mm患者中,Haigis-L公式的术后PE值高于Shammas-PL公式(P=0.003),其余各组间均无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:4.0mm EKR联合Haigis公式可以用于近视LASIK/PRK术后IOL屈光度的计算,其准确性与Barrett true K公式相当,且AL越长,患者术后发生远视漂移的可能性越高。

Dendritic cells engineered to secrete anti-Dc R3 antibody augment cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against pancreatic cancer in vitro

AIM To investigate the enhanced cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses against pancreatic cancer(PC) in vitro induced by dendritic cells(DCs) engineered to secrete anti-DcR 3 monoclonal antibody(mA b).METHODS DCs, T lymphocytes and primary PC cells were obtained from PC patients. DCs were transfected with a designed humanized anti-Dc R3 monoclonal antibody heavy and light chain m RNA and/or total tumor RNA(DC-tumor-anti-Dc R3 RNA or DC-total tumor RNA) by using electroporation technology. The identification, concentration and function of anti-DcR 3 mA b secreted by DC-tumor-anti-Dc R3 RNA were determined by western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. After co-culturing of autologous isolated PC cells with target DCs, the effects of secreting anti-DcR 3 mA b on RNA-DCs' viability and apoptosis were assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Analysis of enhanced antigen-specific immune response against PC induced by anti-DcR 3 mA b secreting DCs was performed using a 51 Cr releasing test. T cell responses induced by RNAloaded DCs were analyzed by measuring cytokine levels, including IFN-γ, IL-10, IL4, TNF-α and IL-12.RESULTS The anti-Dc R3 m Ab secreted by DCs reacted withrecombinant human Dc R3 protein and generated a band with 35 k Da molecular weight. The secreting m Ab was transient, peaking at 24 h and becoming undetectable after 72 h. After co-incubation with DCtumor-anti-Dc R3 RNA for designated times, the Dc R3 level in the supernatant of autologous PC cells was significantly down-regulated(P < 0.05). DCs secreting anti-Dc R3 m Ab could improve cell viability and slow down the apoptosis of RNA-loaded DCs, compared with DC-total tumor RNA(P < 0.01). The anti-Dc R3 m Ab secreted by DC-tumor-anti-Dc R3 RNA could enhance the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs) activity toward RNA-transfected DCs, primary tumor cells, and PC cell lines, compared with CTLs stimulated by DC-total tumor RNA or control group(P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the antigen-specific CTL responses were MHC class I-restricted. The CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells incubated with anti-DcR 3 mA b secreting DCs could produce extremely higher level IFN-γ and lower level IL4 than those incubated with DC-total tumor RNA or controls(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION DCs engineered to secrete anti-Dc R3 antibody can augment CTL responses against PC in vitro, and the immune-enhancing effects may be partly due to their capability of down-regulating DC apoptosis and adjusting the Th1/Th2 cytokine network.

MET inhibitors for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A review

The current standard treatment option for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is sorafenib, but its clinical benefit is modest. In spite of many attempts, few drugs can provide any significant improvement of survival as the first- or second-line therapy of choice in phase Ⅲ randomized controlled trials. Recently, the subgroup analysis of a phase Ⅱ randomized controlled trial has shown that tivantinib, a selective MET inhibitor, can significantly improve the overall survival in patients with MET-positive advanced HCC after the failure or intolerance of a prior systemic therapy. These findings enlighten the role of MET inhibitors in the treatment of advanced HCC. In this paper, we review all ongoing and completed clinical trials regarding this topic. As for the first-line therapy of advanced HCC, INC280 and foretinib are being evaluated in 2 phase Ⅱ single-arm trials; and MSC2156119 J and golvatinib plus sorafenib are being compared with sorafenib alone in 2 phase Ⅱ randomized controlled trials. As for the second-line therapy of advanced HCC, tivantinib and cabozantinib are being compared with placebo in 2 phase Ⅲrandomized controlled trials.

KAI1 inhibits lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of pancreatic cancer in vivo

BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that KAI1 inhibits tumor metastasis, but its mechanism is not clear. The present study aimed to determine the role of KAI1 in lymphatic metastasis, specifically in pancreatic cancer. METHODS: The KAI1 gene was transfected into the pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 by using liposomes and selected by G418, and the protein was measured by Western blotting. After successful infection, the cell growth curve was studied by MTT, vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C) secretion by pancreatic cancer cell were measured by ELISA. The KAI1 and pCMV transfected MIA PaCa-2 cells were renamed as MIA PaCa-2-K and MIA PaCa-2-p. These two kinds of cells were injected into the subcuticular layer of nude mice; both tumor growth and metastasis through the lymphatic nodes were assessed. Lymphangiogenesis in tumors was measured by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The VEGF-C secretion was significantly reduced in MIA PaCa-2 cells compared with PANC-1 cells after being transfected with the KAI1 gene. The growth rate of subcutaneous tumors was similar after the injection of MIA PaCa-2-K, MIA PaCa-2, and MIA PaCa-2-p. MIA PaCa-2-K tumors showed slower lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis compared with MIA PaCa-2 and MIA PaCa-2-p tumors. CONCLUSION: The overexpression of KAI1 inhibits the lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis of MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic tumors.

Impact of pure laparoscopic surgery on bile duct division of living donor left lateral section procurement

Background:Although laparoscopic living donor left lateral section liver procurements represents an established and safe procedure,there remains much discussion on this topic.In particular,the issue of whether laparoscopic living donor liver procurement increases the difficulty of the surgery and potential complications for recipients continue to confound experts in this field.Methods:In this report,data from 180 cases of living donor left lateral section liver transplantation patients were analyzed retrospectively.Of these 180 cases,106 grafts were procured by open surgery and 74 by pure laparoscopic surgery.Results:While surgery durations and blood loss were decreased in donors from the laparoscopic surgery group,increased biliary openings of grafts and relatively high peak aspartate aminotransferase(AST)levels were present in both donors and recipients with this procedure.Conclusions:Laparoscopic living donor left lateral section liver procurement represents a safe and effective procedure for both donors and recipients.However,laparoscopic surgery can more frequently lead to multiple biliary tracts in the graft and its impact on the prognosis of recipients remains uncertain.Use of routine X-ray based intraoperative cholangiography may help to reduce this problem.

Overrun phenomenon and neutron yield in Coulomb explosion of deuterated alkane clusters driven by intense laser field

By using a simplified Coulomb explosion model, the laser-driven Coulomb explosion processes of three deuterated alkane clusters, i.e., deuterated methane（CD4）N, ethane（C2D6）N and propane（C3D8）N clusters are simulated numerically.The overrun phenomenon that the deuterons overtake the carbon ions inside the expanding clusters, as well as the dependence of the energetic deuterons and fusion neutron yield on cluster size, is discussed in detail. Researches show that the average kinetic energy of deuterons and neutron yield generated in the Coulomb explosion of（C2D6）N cluster are higher than those of（CD4）N cluster with the same size, in qualitative agreement with the reported conclusions from the experiments of（C2 H6）N and（CH4）N clusters. It is indicated that（C2D6）N clusters are superior to（CD4）N clusters as a target for the laser-induced nuclear fusion reaction to achieve a higher neutron yield. In addition, by comparing the relevant data of（C3D8）N cluster with those of（C2D6）N cluster with the same size, it is theoretically concluded that（C3D8）N clusters with a larger competitive parameter might be a potential candidate for improving neutron generation. This will provide a theoretical basis for target selection in developing experimental schemes on laser-driven nuclear fusion in the future.

Existence of Nontrivial Solutions for Superlinear Three-Point Boundary Value Problems

In this paper, we investigate the existence of nontrivial solutions for some superlinear second order three-point boundary value problems by applying new fixed point theorems in ordered Banach spaces with the lattice structure derived by Sun and Liu.

One-pot synthesis of natural-product inspired spiroindolines with anti-cancer activities

A post-Ugi/diastereoselective cascade reaction was developed to construct naturally existing spiroindolines via a facile and metal-free one-pot protocol.During the construction,a new C-C bond was formed through a selective 5-exo-dig indole cyclization on the propiolamide;and a new C-N bond was diastereoselectively formed which controlled the configuration of three chiral centers simultaneously.