Equation of state of LiCoO_2 under 30 GPa pressure

LiCoO_2 is one of the most important cathode materials for high energy density lithium ion batteries. The compressed behavior of LiCoO_2 under high pressure has been investigated using synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction. It is found that LiCoO_2 maintains hexagonal symmetry up to the maximum pressure of 30.1 GPa without phase transition. The elastic modulus at ambient pressure is 159.5(2.2) GPa and its first derivative is 3.92(0.23). In addition, the high-pressure compression behavior of LiCoO_2 has been studied by first principles calculations. The derived bulk modulus of LiCoO_2 is 141.6 GPa.

Multiple oncogenic mutations related to targeted therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Introduction:An increasing number of targeted drugs have been tested for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).However,targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations have not been fully evaluated.This study aimed to detect targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations in NPC and to determine which targeted therapy might be potentially effective in treating NPC.Methods:By using the SNaPshot assay,a rapid detection method,19 mutation hotspots in 6 targeted therapy-related oncogenes were examined in 70 NPC patients.The associations between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic factors were analyzed.Results:Among 70 patients,12(17.1%) had mutations in 5 oncogenes:7(10.0%) had v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KIT) mutation,2(2.8%) had epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutation,1(1.4%) had phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase,catalytic subunit alpha(PIK3CA) mutation,1(1.4%) had Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS) mutation,and 1(1.4%) had simultaneous EGFR and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1(BRAF) mutations.No significant differences were observed between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic characteristics.Additionally,these oncogenic mutations were not associated with tumor recurrence or metastasis.Conclusions:Oncogenic mutations are present in NPC patients.The efficacy of targeted drugs on patients with the related oncogenic mutations requires further validation.

Proposal for a new classification of anorectal abscesses based on clinical characteristics and postoperative recurrence

BACKGROUND Current surgical procedures for anorectal abscesses,including incision and drainage alone or combined concurrent fistulotomy,remain controversial primarily due to the unpredictability of postoperative recurrence or the progression to anal fistula.AIM To evaluate factors that predict postoperative recurrence of anorectal abscesses and propose a new classification to guide surgical procedures.METHODS In this retrospective study,525 patients with anorectal abscesses treated by incision and drainage alone,at a tertiary general hospital from August 2012 to July 2022,were included.A new classification for anorectal abscesses based on their propensity to develop into fistulas,considering 18 other potential risk factors,was established.These factors,from electronic medical records,were screened for significance using theχ^(2)test and subsequently analyzed with multivariate logistic regression to evaluate their relationship with postoperative recurrence of anorectal abscesses.RESULTSOne year post-follow-up,the overall recurrence rate was 39%:81.0%and 23.5%for fistula-prone and non-fistulaproneabscesses,respectively.Univariateχ^(2)analysis showed significant differences in recurrence rates based onanatomical classifications and pus culture results(P<0.05).Fistula-prone abscess,≥7 days between symptomonset and surgery,chronic diarrhea,preoperative antibiotic use,and local anesthesia were risk factors for recurrence,while diabetes mellitus was protective(P<0.05).Moreover,fistula-prone abscess[odds ratio(OR)=7.651,95%CI:4.049–14.458,P<0.001],≥7 days from symptom onset to surgery(OR=2.137,95%CI:1.090–4.190,P=0.027),chronic diarrhea(OR=2.508,95%CI:1.216–5.173,P=0.013),and local anesthesia(OR=2.308,95%CI:1.313–4.059,P=0.004)were independent risk factors for postoperative anorectal abscess recurrence using multivariatelogistic regression.Body mass index≥28(OR=2.935,95%CI:1.203–7.165,P=0.018)was an independentrisk factor for postoperative recurrence of non-fistula-prone abscess.CONCLUSIONThe choice of surgical procedure for treating anorectal abscesses should follow this new classification.Prompt andthorough incision and drainage can significantly reduce postoperative recurrence.