Correcting the Contamination of Second-order Spectra:Improving HαMeasurements in Reverberation Mapping Campaigns

Long-term spectroscopic monitoring campaigns on active galactic nuclei(AGNs)provide a wealth of information about its interior structure and kinematics.However,a number of the observations suffer from the contamination of second-order spectra(SOS)which will introduce some undesirable uncertainties at the red side of the spectra.In this paper,we test the effect of SOS and propose a method to correct it in the time domain spectroscopic data using the simultaneously observed comparison stars.Based on the reverberation mapping(RM)data of NGC 5548 in2019,one of the most intensively monitored AGNs by the Lijiang 2.4 m telescope,we find that the scientific object,comparison star,and spectrophotometric standard star can jointly introduce up to~30%SOS for Grism 14.This irregular but smooth SOS significantly affects the flux density and profile of the emission line,while having little effect on the light curve.After applying our method to each spectrum,we find that the SOS can be corrected effectively.The deviation between corrected and intrinsic spectra is~2%,and the impact of SOS on time lag is very minor.This method makes it possible to obtain the HαRM measurements from archival data provided that the spectral shape of the AGN under investigation does not have a large change.

Hydrothermally stable mesoporous aluminosilicates as superior FCC catalyst:From laboratory to refinery

Well-ordered aluminosilicates(MAs)were prepared by in-situ assembly of pre-crystallized units of zeolite Y precursors at a commercial scale,and applied in an industrial fluid catalytic cracking unit for the first time.Compared with incumbent equilibrium catalyst,the surface area of trial equilibrium catalysts(30%inventory ratio)increased from 110 m^(2)g^(-1)to 120m^(2)g^(-1).Moreover,a significant increase of the mesoporous surfaceareaof trial equlibrium catalysts(30%inventoryrati)from 33 m g/to 40magi(22%increase).Furthermore,the equilibrium catalyst that contain 80%LPC-65 yields significantly lower heavy oil(0.23%)and higher total liquids(0.53%)compared with LDO-70.The industrial results demonstrated excellent hydrothermal stability and superior catalytic cracking properties,showing the promising futurein the industrial units.

Worst泪道探针联合改良泪道穿线插管法在复杂性泪小管断裂吻合术中的应用

目的:探讨Worst泪道探针联合改良泪道穿线插管法在复杂性泪小管断裂吻合术中的应用价值。方法:回顾性研究。选取2019-03-01/2021-03-31遵义医科大学第二附属医院眼科收治的复杂性外伤性泪小管断裂患者68例68眼。根据手术方式分为两组,A组患者36例36眼采用Worst泪道探针寻找泪小管断端并联合改良泪道穿线插管法治疗,B组患者32例32眼采用显微镜下寻找泪小管断端,双路插管法吻合泪小管术治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、术中寻找泪小管断端成功率、寻找泪小管断端时间、手术时间、疼痛程度、术后眼部异物感及并发症情况。结果:A组患者临床疗效总有效率高于B组(94%vs 38%),术中寻找泪小管断端成功率高于B组(100%vs 47%),寻找泪小管断端时间、手术时间均短于B组,疼痛程度评分低于B组(均P<0.05)。术后随访6mo~1a,A组患者术后眼部异物感评分、泪小点撕裂及形态变化发生率、溢泪程度均低于B组(均P<0.05)。结论:Worst泪道探针联合改良泪道穿线插管法治疗复杂性外伤性泪小管断裂能更精确找到泪小管断端,缩短手术时间,减轻患者疼痛及术后眼部异物感,提高临床疗效,降低并发症发生率。

Effect of silencing Bcl-2 expression by small interfering RNA on radiosensitivity of gastric cancer BGC823 cells

Objective:To explore the influence of silencing Bcl-2 expression by small interfering RNA（siRNA） on Bcl-2 protein expression,cell apoptosis rale and radiosensilivity of gastric cancer BCC823 cells.Methods:siRNA segment for Bcl-2 gene was designed and synthesized,then was induced into gastric cancer BGC 823 cells by liposome transfection.Bcl-2 protein expression was detected by Western Blotting.After X radiation,flow cytometry and clone forming assay were used to determine the effects of RNA interference on BGC823 cell apoptosis rate and radiosensitivity. Result:After the transfection of Bcl-2 siRNA,the positive expression rate of Bcl-2 protein in BGC823 cells was（35.45±2.35）%.Compared with the control group and negative siRNA transfection group,the rate was significantly decreased（P【0.01）.The apoptosis rate of BGC823-RNAi cell was（10.81±0.91）%,which was significantly higher than the control group and negative siRNA transfection group（P【0.01）.After 48h X radiation,the apoptosis rate of BGC823-RNAi was（28.91±1.40）%,which was significantly higher than the control group and the group without radiation （P【0.01）.During clone forming assay D0,D4 and SF2 values in Bcl-2 siRNA1 transfection group were all lower than those in the control group.The radiosensitivity ratio was 1.28（the ratio of D0） and 1.60（the ratio of D4）.Conclusions:Specific siRNA of Bcl-2 gene can effectively inhibit the expression of Bcl-2 gene,enhance the radiosensitivity and apoptosis of gastric cancer BGC823 cells,having good clinical application perspective.

Characteristics of AZ31 Mg alloy joint using automatic TIG welding

The automatic tungsten-inert gas welding（ATIGW） of AZ31 Mg alloys was performed using a six-axis robot. The evolution of the microstructure and texture of the AZ31 auto-welded joints was studied by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction. The ATIGW process resulted in coarse recrystallized grains in the heat affected zone（HAZ） and epitaxial growth of columnar grains in the fusion zone（FZ）. Substantial changes of texture between the base material（BM） and the FZ were detected. The {0002} basal plane in the BM was largely parallel to the sheet rolling plane, whereas the c-axis of the crystal lattice in the FZ inclined approximately 25° with respect to the welding direction. The maximum pole density increased from 9.45 in the BM to 12.9 in the FZ. The microhardness distribution, tensile properties, and fracture features of the AZ31 auto-welded joints were also investigated.

Maxi-anion channel as a candidate pathway for osmosensitive ATP release from mouse astrocytes in primary culture

在现在的学习，我们试图评估在低亚硫酸钠期间从老鼠星形细胞贡献 ATP 版本的小径渗透的应力。我们首先为组成在过去的几年被建议了的可能的释放 ATP 小径的蛋白质检验了 mRNAs 的表示。在用控制和渗透的联盟者的 RT-PCR 分析肿的星形细胞，期望的尺寸的 cDNA 碎片的扩大为 connexins 被看见(Cx32， Cx37， Cx43 ) ， pannexin 1 (Px1 ) ， P2X7 受体， MRP1 和 MDR1，然而并非 CFTR。巨大的 ATP 上的重要效果都不免除星形细胞的小囊的版本，差距连接半隧道， CFTR， MRP1， MDR1， P2X7 受体，和卷敏感的表面地修正的氯化物隧道有的 exocytotic 的禁止者。相反，从星形细胞的导致张力减退的 ATP 版本被金轧(50 妈妈) 最有效地禁止，迷嬉装阴离子隧道的一个禁止者，它最近被显示了从几种另外的房间类型为 ATP 版本用作一条小径。因此，我们建议迷嬉装阴离子隧道也从有教养的老鼠星形细胞为膨胀导致 ATP 版本组成一条主要小径。

Statistical Properties of a Blazar Sample and Comparison of HBLs, LBLs and FSRQs

Making use of the 2MASS Data Release, we have searched for nearinfrared （JHK） counterparts to 268 blazars from Donato et al. and obtained 238 counterparts within 5＇＇ in the area covered by 2MASS. It provides us a sample with infrared data several times larger than the previous one of the same kind. Based on our sample and the sample by Donato et al., we have compared in detail the properties of HBLs, LBLs and FSRQs from five aspects and found that HBLs are significantly different from LBLs and FSRQs while LBLs are not obviously different from FSRQs. Our results strongly support the division of BL Lac objects into the high-frequency peaked （HBL） and low-frequency peaked （LBL） objects introduced by Padovani ＆ Giommi and show that HBLs and LBLs are two kinds of blazar having different physical properties.

Possible γ-ray emission of radio intermediate AGN Ⅲ Zw 2 and its implication on the evolution of jets in AGNs

AGNs with hard γ-ray emission identified so far are radio-loud. Ⅲ Zw 2 is a radio intermediate AGN with a relativistic jet. We study its spectral energy distribution （SED） and find that the broad band emissions are dominated by the nonthermal emissions from the jet. We model its SED through a synchrotron ＋ inverse Compton （IC） model. The results show that the IC component of Ⅲ Zw 2 peaks at a few MeV, and the flux density drops rapidly at higher energy with photon index F 3.3 above 0.1 GeV. The predicted flux is slightly over the sensitivity of Fermi/LAT, but it was not included in the first Fermi/LAT AGN catalog. The reason for this may be： 1） that the IC peak is low and the spectrum is very steep above 0.1 GeV, 2） that Ⅲ Zw 2 is in the low state during the period of the Fermi/LAT operation. We also find that Ⅲ Zw 2 follows similar jet processes as those in γ-ray AGNs, e.g., the relation between jet power and radiation power, which is called the blazar sequence. We suggest that Ⅲ Zw 2 may be a young source at an earlier stage of jet activity.

CD8+T细胞干细胞样亚群在肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用前景

免疫治疗带来一定的临床获益,仍需探索.免疫细胞亚群对于免疫治疗中的肿瘤控制至关重要.CD8+T细胞干细胞样亚群具有自我增殖和向效应细胞分化的潜能从而产生持久的抗肿瘤免疫反应.本文将从免疫检查点抑制剂免疫治疗中免疫细胞应答的机制,分子功能特性,与免疫治疗疗效的相关性以及在肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用策略等方面来阐述CD8+T细胞干细胞样亚群在肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用前景.

A Periodicity Analysis of the Light Curve of 3C 454.3

We analyzed the radio light curves of 3C 454.3 at frequencies 22 and 37 GHz taken from the database of Metsaeovi Radio Observatory, and found evidence of quasi-periodic activity. The light curves show great activity with very complicated non-sinusoidal variations. Two possible periods, a very weak one of 1.57 ± 0.12 yr and a very strong one of 6.15 ±0.50 yr were consistently identified by two methods, the Jurkevich method and power specmun estimation. The period of 6.15 ± 0.50 yr is consistent with results previously reported by Ciaramella et al. and Webb et al. Applying the binary black hole model to the central structure we found black hole masses of 1.53 × 10^9M⊙ and 1.86 × 10^8M⊙, and predicted that the next radio outburst is to take place in 2006 March and April.

Bond strength analysis of the bone cement-stem interface of hip arthroplasties

Objective:To study and establish the preliminary linear and modified models for the interface shear mechanics performance between implant and bone cement and to explore its damage significantce.Method:The loosening research between artificial hip joint prosthesis stem and bone cement interface performance can be evaluated by the push-in test.Based on the debondittg perforntance test,the analytical expressions of the average load and displacement from the debottdiftg failure and splitting failure process were deduced and determined.The correlations of the expressions of the average load-displacement and statistical experimental data were analyzed.Results:It demonstrated that the interface debonding failure mechanical model could be characterisied as interface bond strength mechanical performance.Based on analysis of models and experimental data by the three statistical analysis methods,the results indicated the modified model could be better represented by the interfacial debonding strength properties.The bond stress(?)and relative sliding s distribution along the embedment regional were coupling affected by both pressure arch effect and shear lag effect in bone cement.Two stress peaks of implant have been found at the distance from 0.175L_0 loading tip to 0.325L_0 free tip,which also verified the early loosening clinical reports for the proximal and latter region.As the bone cement arch effect,the bond stress peak tend to move to the free tip when the debonding failure would be changed into the splitting failure,which presents a preliminary study on the mechanism of early delmnding failure for the stem-cement interface.Conclusions:Functional models of the stembone cement interfacial debonding failure are developed lo analyze the relevant mechanism.The different lotcational titanium alloy stress,and the interfacial bond stress and the relative slides are evaluated to acquire a guide of the different positions of interfacial damage.The coupling;effect which is original from the pressure arch and the interfacial shear hysteresis cumulative effect has influence on the interfacial debonding and damage process.

Theoretical analyses of chemical bonding in terminal EThF_2 (E=O,S,Se,Te)

Analyses of chemical bonding and geometric structures in species with chalcogen elements EThF_2(E=O,S,Se,Te) are performed by the density functional theory. Kohn–Sham molecular orbitals and Th–E bond lengths of these species both indicate multiple bond character for the terminal chalcogen complexes. This is also confirmed by natural bond orbital analyses using the oneelectron density matrix generated by relativistic density functional calculations. Theoretical analyses indicate that electron donation from E to Th increases down the chalcogen group(O<S<Se<Te). These molecules can serve as examples of multiple bonding between actinide elements and selenium or tellurium.

Is BZB J1450+5201 the most distant gamma-ray BL Lacertae object?

BL Lacertae （BL Lac） objects at high redshifts （z ≥ 2） are rarely detected. Through careful analysis of its Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectrum, BZB J1450＋5201 is confirmed to be a high-z BL Lac object with z ≥ 2.471 by identifying the Lyα 1216 and CIV 1548/1550 absorption lines. This indicates that BZB J1450＋5201 is the most distant BL Lac object discovered to date. Careful analysis of the five-year Fermi-LAT data of 2FGL J1451.0＋5159 shows that its γ-ray emission is robust with a confidence level of 6.2σ at 1-3 GeV and 6.7σ at 3-10 GeV. This analysis with the five-year data overcomes confusion with its bright neighbor, which is a problem when analyzing the two-year data. In addition, 2FGL J 1451.0＋5159 is confirmed to be associated with BZB J1450＋5201 using the five-year data. The analysis of multiwavelength data, from radio to γ-ray energies, indicates that BZB J1450＋5201 is an intermediate synchrotron peaked （ISP） source. Its multiwavelength properties are consistent with distributions of other ISP sources at lower redshifts in the second Fermi-LAT AGN catalog. The pure synchrotron self-Compton （SSC） model seems to be disfavored, but the scattering of weak external emission plus the SSC process can provide a satisfactory description of the broadband emission.

The connection between radio and γ-ray emission in Fermi/LAT blazars

We collect the second Large Area Telescope AGN catalog （2LAC） and Monitor of Jets in AGN with VLBA Equipment （MOJAVE） quasi-simultaneous data to investigate the radio-γ connection of blazars. The cross sample contains 166 sources. The statistical analysis based on this sample confirms positive correlations between these two bands, but the correlations become weaker as the γ-ray energy increases. The statistical results between various parameters show negative correla- tions of γ-ray photon spectral index with γ-ray loudness for both Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars （FSRQs） and BL Lacertae objects, positive correlations of γ-ray variability index with the γ-ray loudness for FSRQs, a negative correlation of the γ-ray variabil- ity index with the γ-ray photon spectral index for FSRQs, and negative correlations of γ-ray photon spectral index with γ-ray luminosity for FSRQs. These results suggest that the γ-ray variability may be due to changes inside the γ-ray emission region like the injected power, rather than changes in the photon density of the external radiation fields, and the variability amplitude tends to be larger as the γ-rays are closer to the high energy peak of the spectral energy distribution （SED）. No correlation of variabil- ity index found for BL Lacertae objects implies that variability behavior may differ below and above the peak energy.

YFPOL: A Linear Polarimeter of Lijiang 2.4 m Telescope

Polarimetry plays an important role in investigating physical properties for celestial objects. We present a polarimeter named YFPOL for the Cassegrain focus of the Lijiang 2.4 m Telescope(LJT) of Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences. YFPOL is a traditional single-beam polarimeter with a rotating polarizer. As the focal-reducer instrument Yunnan Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera(YFOSC) is always positioned on the Cassegrain focal plane of LJT, we develop two sets of ultra-thin(thickness <12 mm) polarizer rotation control systems with wireless charging and control functions, which are suitable for mounting on the two front-wheels of YFOSC. One set is used as the polarimetric calibration unit, and the other is for the polarimetric modulation unit. Both of the polarizers have an ultra-high contrast ratio of 1,000,000:1 in the optical band. We investigate the instrumental polarization characteristics(IPCs) in the full field of view that is transferred from YFOSC. Furthermore, we identify that the IPCs change when the Cassegrain axis rotates. The spurious polarization from the IPCs can be effectively minimized by flat-fielding using the unpolarized domeflat, when the Cassegrain rotation angle is the same or nearest to that of the polarization observation. We develop a quasiautomatic pipeline for YFPOL and its effectiveness has been verified by tests of the polarimetric observation with blazar S5 0716+714. The calibration is performed by observing the zero-polarized and highly-polarized standard stars. We successfully reach high precision polarization in the 7’ field of view, and the systematic uncertainty is below 0.8% for a V = 11.68 target with a 10 s exposure. The instrument polarization angle offset is 2°. 6. YFPOL is not only a simple polarimeter, but also a spectropolarimeter with grisms that can be considered in the future.

Multicolor Optical Monitoring of the γ-Ray Emitting Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxy PMN J0948+0022 from 2020 to 2021

In order to study the physical properties of the γ-ray emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1(NLS1) galaxy population,photometric and spectral observations of the γ-ray emitting NLS1 PMN J0948+0022 were made with the Lijiang2.4 m optical telescope of Yunnan Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Photometric data in the B and R bands were collected for 50 nights from 2020 January to 2021 December.During the observation epoch,the variability amplitudes are 73.67% in the B band and 79.96% in the R band.Intra-day variability is found in two observation nights,and the duty cycle value is 29% with variability amplitude> 12.9% in the R band,which support the presence of the relativistic jets in the target.The redder-when-brighter(RWB) chromatic trend(or steeper-when-brighter trend) appears on intra-day and long timescales.The RWB trend is dominated by the radiation of accretion disk and jet,and resembles those in flat spectrum radio quasars.When PMN J0948+0022 is brighter than 17.5 in the R band,there is no color change trend.By analyzing the spectral data of PMN J0948+0022,we obtained the black hole mass of M.=1.61×10^(7) Mand accretion rate of M=93,and confirmed that PMN J0948+0022 is a super-Eddington accreting NLS1.The redshifts of reverberation mapped super-Eddington accreting active galactic nuclei can be expanded by PMN J0948+0022 up to above 0.5.Super-Eddington accreting NLS1 galaxies were chosen as a new type of cosmological candle in the literature.PMN J0948+0022 may be used as a target for the next step of reverberation mapping monitoring project of super-Eddington accreting massive black holes.

Effects of different anesthetic depths on cardiovascular response, stress level and immune function in patients undergoing radical gastrectomy

Objective:To investigate the effects of different anesthesia depth on cardiovascular response, stress level and immune function in patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods: Ninety-two patients who underwent radical gastrectomy in our hospital from January 2017 to June 2018 were randomly divided into group A (46 cases) and group B (46 cases). Group A received deep anesthesia (BIS:35~45) and group B received shallow anesthesia (BIS:55~65). The changes of heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cortisol (Cor), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE) and T cell subsets were compared between the two groups at different time points.Results:At T2, T3, and T4, the MAP of group B was (90.37±16.34) mmHg, (105.36±13.27) mmHg, and (86.26±15.34) mmHg, which were higher than group A, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);There was no significant difference in MAP between the two groups at T1, T5 and T6 (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in HR between the two groups at each time point (P>0.05). Before anesthesia, there were no significant differences in Cor, ACTH, E, and NE between the two groups (P>0.05). At the end of surgery and 24 h after surgery, Cor, ACTH, E, and NE were higher than those before anesthesia, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At the end of surgery and 24 h after surgery, Cor, ACTH, E, and NE in group B were (164.28±40.27) ng/mL, (57.85±18.66) pg/mL, (33.36±5.83) mmol/L, (301.29±41.74) mmol/L, and (156.27±44.28) ng/mL, (50.85±11.40) pg/mL, (27.65±4.78) mmol/L, (267.22±38.21) mmol/L, both higher than group A, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Before anesthesia, there was no significant difference in CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ between the two groups (P>0.05). At the end of surgery and 24 h after surgery, the CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ levels in the two groups were lower than those before anesthesia, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At the end of surgery and 24 h after surgery, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ in group B were (51.00±6.10)%, (26.85±4.31)%, (1.15±0.19), and (44.41±4.21)%, (22.41±2.51)%, (1.06±0.29), all lower than group A, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in CD8 level between the two groups at different time points (P>0.05).Conclusion:The effect of deep anesthesia (BIS: 35~45) on cardiovascular response, stress level and immune function in patients undergoing radical gastrectomy was milder than that of light anesthesia (BIS: 55-65).

R-band host galaxy contamination of TeV γ-ray blazar Mrk 501： effects of aperture size and seeing

We simulated the R-band contribution of the host galaxy of TeV γ-ray BL Lac object Mrk 501 in different aperture sizes and seeing conditions. An intensive set of observations was acquired with the 1.02m optical telescope, managed by Yunnan Observatories, from 2010 May 15 to 18. Based on the host subtraction data usually used in the literature, the subtraction of host galaxy contamination results in significant seeing-brightness correlations. These correlations would lead to illusive large amplitude variations at short timescales, which will mask the intrinsic microvariability, thus giving rise to difficulty in detecting the intrinsic microvariability. Both aperture size and seeing condition influence the flux measurements, but the aperture size impacts the result more significantly. Based on the parameters of an elliptical galaxy provided in the literature, we simulated the host contributions of Mrk 501 in different aperture sizes and seeing conditions. Our simulation data of the host galaxy obviously weaken these significant seeing-brightness correlations for the host-subtracted brightness of Mrk 501, and can help us discover the intrinsic short timescale microvariability. The pure nuclear flux is -8.0 mJy in the R band, i.e., the AGN has a magnitude of R - 13.96 mag.

Role of gut microbiota in identification of novel TCM-derived active metabolites

Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been extensively used to ameliorate diseases in Asia for over thousands of years.However,owing to a lack of formal scientific validation,the absence of information regarding the mechanisms underlying TCMs restricts their application.After oral administration,TCM herbal ingredients frequently are not directly absorbed by the host,but rather enter the intestine to be transformed by gut microbiota.The gut microbiota is a microbial community living in animal intestines,and functions to maintain host homeostasis and health.Increasing evidences indicate that TCM herbs closely affect gut microbiota composition,which is associated with the conversion of herbal components into active metabolites.These may significantly affect the therapeutic activity of TCMs.Microbiota analyses,in conjunction with modern multiomics platforms,can together identify novel functional metabolites and form the basis of future TCM research.

Root-fed Salicylic Acid in Grape Involves the Response Caused by Aboveground High Temperature

In order to investigate the transportation and distribution of salicylic acid （SA） from root to aboveground tissues in response to high temperature, the roots of grape plant were fed with 14C-SA before high temperature treatment. Radioactivity results showed that progressive increase in SA transportation from root to aboveground as compared with the control varied exactly with the heat treatment time. Radioactivity results of leaves at different stem heights indicated that the increase in SA amount at the top and middle leaves during the early period was most significant in comparison with the bottom leaves. The up-transportation of SA from root to aboveground tissues was dependent on xylem rather than phloem. Autoradiographs of whole grape plants strongly approved the conclusions drawn above. Root-derived SA was believed to be a fundamental source in response to aboveground high temperature.