BACKGROUND A decreased autophagic capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells(BMSCs)has been suggested to be an important cause of decreased osteogenic differentiation.A pharmacological increase in autophagy of ...BACKGROUND A decreased autophagic capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells(BMSCs)has been suggested to be an important cause of decreased osteogenic differentiation.A pharmacological increase in autophagy of BMSCs is a potential therapeutic option to increase osteoblast viability and ameliorate osteoporosis.AIM To explore the effects of sinomenine(SIN)on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and the underlying mechanisms.METHODS For in vitro experiments,BMSCs were extracted from sham-treated mice and ovariectomized mice,and the levels of autophagy markers and osteogenic differentiation were examined after treatment with the appropriate concen-trations of SIN and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine.In vivo,the therapeutic effect of SIN was verified by establishing an ovariectomy-induced mouse model and by morphological and histological assays of the mouse femur.RESULTS SIN reduced the levels of AKT and mammalian target of the rapamycin(mTOR)phosphorylation in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway,inhibited mTOR activity,and increased autophagy ability of BMSCs,thereby promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and effectively alleviating bone loss in ovariectomized mice in vivo.CONCLUSION The Chinese medicine SIN has potential for the treatment of various types of osteoporosis,bone homeostasis disorders,and autophagy-related diseases.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic value of panoramic immersion B-scan ultrasonography(Pano-immersion B-scan,PIB)in complex retinal detachment(RD),persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous(PHPV)and intraocular tumors.METHO...AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic value of panoramic immersion B-scan ultrasonography(Pano-immersion B-scan,PIB)in complex retinal detachment(RD),persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous(PHPV)and intraocular tumors.METHODS:The clinical data of 44 patients collected from May 2012 to December 2019 in Chinese PLA General Hospital was retrospectively studied.All of these patients underwent PIB of the eye,because it was difficult to diagnose by routine ocular fundus examination,conventional ultrasound or/and ultrasonic biomicroscope(UBM)due to opacity of refractive media,pupillary occlusion,large involvement or special location of the lesion.The imaging features of difficult cases in PIB were analyzed.The diagnosis accuracy rating of PIB were evaluated and contrasted with conventional ultrasound or UBM by the standard of intraoperative diagnosis or/and pathological results.RESULTS:According to intraoperative diagnosis or pathological results as gold standard,among the 44 cases,there were 19 cases missed diagnosis,misdiagnosed or difficult-to-diagnose by conventional ultrasound or UBM,including 4 cases of long-standing RD difficult to diagnose,4 cases misdiagnosed,and 11 cases incompletely observed or miss diagnosed.The diagnostic accuracy rate of PIB and conventional ultrasound or UBM were 100%(44/44)and 56.82%(25/44),and the sensitivity of them were 100%and 56.82%.All the patients underwent PIB and were diagnosed as RD(15 cases),retinal and choroidal detachment(4 cases),subchoroidal hematocele(1 case),vitreous opacity and/or organic membrane formation(4 cases),PHPV(12 cases),iris and/or ciliary body tumors(3 cases),and choroidal tumors(6 cases).According to the intraoperative diagnosis or pathological results,the diagnostic coincidence rate of PIB was 100%,which was significantly higher than conventional ultrasound and UBM.CONCLUSION:PIB can help to accurately diagnose complex RD,PHPV,and intraocular masses with special location or/and excessive size.It has important diagnostic value for patients with equivocal findings at conventional ultrasound examination.展开更多
AIM: To assess the relationships of final best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) and the optic nerve structural loss in varying age-cohorts of optic neuritis(ON) patients.METHODS: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional ...AIM: To assess the relationships of final best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) and the optic nerve structural loss in varying age-cohorts of optic neuritis(ON) patients.METHODS: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study.Totally 130 ON subjects(200 eyes) without ON onset within 6mo were included, who underwent BCVA assessment,peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer(pRNFL) and macular segmented layers evaluation by optical coherence tomography(OCT).RESULTS: For the 0-18y cohort, the final BCVA(logMAR)was significantly better and less frequent recurrences than adult cohorts(P=0.000). The final BCVA(logMAR) in all age-cohorts of the ON patients had negative and linear correlations to the pRNFL thicknesses and macular retinal ganglion cell layer(mRGCL) volumes, when the pRNFL thicknesses were reduced to the thresholds of 57.2-67.5 μm or 0.691-0.737 mm;in mRGCL volumes, respectively, with the strongest interdependence in the 19-40y cohort. The ON patients from varying age cohorts would be threatened by blindness when their pRNFL thicknesses dropped 36.7-48.3 μm or the mRGCL volumes dropped to 0.495-0.613 mm;.CONCLUSION: The paediatric ON has best prognosis and young adult ON exhibits perfectly linear correlations of final vision and structural loss. The pRNFL and the mRGCL could be potential structural markers to predict the vision prognosis for varying-age ON patients.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of segmented measurement of axial length(AL)in high myopia filled with silicone oil by immersion B-scan ultrasonography(immersion B-scan).METHODS:From June 2016 to June 2020,a total of 67 ...AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of segmented measurement of axial length(AL)in high myopia filled with silicone oil by immersion B-scan ultrasonography(immersion B-scan).METHODS:From June 2016 to June 2020,a total of 67 ultra-high myopia inpatients(67 eyes)who underwent silicone oil removal combined with cataract extraction and intraocular lens(IOL)implantation were retrospectively enrolled.The preoperative axial length(AL)of 31 patients with severe cataract were segmented measured using immersion B-scan(B-scan group)and another 36 patients with mild or moderate cataract were measured using IOLMaster 500(IOLMaster group).The post-operative ALs in two groups were both measured using IOLMaster 500.The IOL power was calculated with Haigis formula.The differences in ALs between pre-and post-surgery,as well as the postoperative refractive spherical equivalent,absolute refractive error,the prediction deviation of postoperative refraction and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)were compared.RESULTS:The pre-and post-operative ALs were 30.46±1.63 mm(range 28.09-33.51 mm)and 30.42±1.70 mm(range 28.03-33.90 mm)in B-scan group(t=0.644,P=0.542)and 30.51±1.21 mm(range 28.03-33.90 mm)and 30.43±1.27 mm(range 28.54-33.50 mm)in IOLMaster group(t=1.843,P=0.074),respectively.Three months after surgery,BCVA were 0.45±0.13(range 0.3-0.9)and 0.44±0.20(range 0.2-1.0)in B-scan and IOLMaster group respectively(t=0.086,P=0.932).There was no significant difference of the postoperative spherical equivalent(-3.11±0.65 D vs-3.21±0.51 D,t=0.671,P=0.505)and the absolute refractive error(0.589±0.340 vs 0.470±0.245 D,t=1.615,P=0.112)between two groups.In B-scan group,absolute refractive error within±0.50 D was found in 18 eyes(58.1%),within±1.00 D in 26 eyes(83.9%),and within±1.50 D in 31 eyes(100%).In IOLMaster group,absolute refractive error within±0.50 D was found in 23 eyes(63.9%),within±1.00 D in 34 eyes(94.4%),and within±1.50 D in 36 eyes(Z=0.757,P=0.449).CONCLUSION:The segmented measurement of ALs by immersion B-scan shows comparable measurement accuracy with that of IOLMaster 500 in ultra-high myopia patients with severe cataract secondary to silicone oil filling and can obtain an ideal postoperative refractive state.展开更多
The performance degradation of gate-recessed metal–oxide–semiconductor high electron mobility transistor(MOSHEMT)is compared with that of conventional high electron mobility transistor(HEMT)under direct current(DC)s...The performance degradation of gate-recessed metal–oxide–semiconductor high electron mobility transistor(MOSHEMT)is compared with that of conventional high electron mobility transistor(HEMT)under direct current(DC)stress,and the degradation mechanism is studied.Under the channel hot electron injection stress,the degradation of gate-recessed MOS-HEMT is more serious than that of conventional HEMT devices due to the combined effect of traps in the barrier layer,and that under the gate dielectric of the device.The threshold voltage of conventional HEMT shows a reduction under the gate electron injection stress,which is caused by the barrier layer traps trapping the injected electrons and releasing them into the channel.However,because of defects under gate dielectrics which can trap the electrons injected from gate and deplete part of the channel,the threshold voltage of gate-recessed MOS-HEMT first increases and then decreases as the conventional HEMT.The saturation phenomenon of threshold voltage degradation under high field stress verifies the existence of threshold voltage reduction effect caused by gate electron injection.展开更多
A new scheme which generates multi-frequency terahertz(THz)waves from planar waveguide by the optimized cascaded difference frequency generation(OCDFG)is proposed.A THz wave with frequencyω_(T1)is generated by the OC...A new scheme which generates multi-frequency terahertz(THz)waves from planar waveguide by the optimized cascaded difference frequency generation(OCDFG)is proposed.A THz wave with frequencyω_(T1)is generated by the OCDFG with two infrared pump waves,and simultaneously a series of cascaded optical waves with a frequency intervalω_(T1)is generated.The THz wave with a frequency of M-timesω_(T1)is generated by mixing the m-th-order and the(m+M)-th-order cascaded optical wave.The phase mismatch distributions of cascaded difference frequency generation(CDFG)are modulated by changing the thickness of planar waveguide step by step,thereby satisfying the phase-matching condition from first-order to high-order cascaded Stokes process step by step.As a result,the intensity of THz wave can be enhanced and modulated by controlling the cascading order of OCDFG.展开更多
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant tumor, which takes the second place in malignant blood disease. The clinical syrnptoms are complicated that make more difficult to diagnose and therapy. Lots of rese...Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant tumor, which takes the second place in malignant blood disease. The clinical syrnptoms are complicated that make more difficult to diagnose and therapy. Lots of researches locus on the proteins about MM in order to solve those problems. We used proteomic methods to find potential biomarkers in MM patients. Methods: We applied the peptide ligand library beads (PLLBs) to deplete high abundance proteins in serum for finding potential pathogenic factors and biomarkers of MM. Using 1D-Gel-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), we identified 789 and 849 unique serum proteins in MM patients and in healthy controls, respectively. Results: Twenty-two proteins were found differentially expressed between the two groups including sernm anayloid A protein, vitamin D-binding protein isoform-1 precursor, plasma kallikrein, and apolipoprotein A-I. Changes of integrin alpha-11 and isoform-1 of multimerin-l were validated with Western blotting. The linkage of the differentially expressed proteins and the pathogenesis pathways of MM were discussed, Conclusions: PLLB combined with 1D-gel-LC-MS/MS analysis is an efficient method to identity differentially expressed proteins in serum from patients with MM.展开更多
This paper is concerned with a ratio-dependent predator-prey system with diffusion and cross- diffusion in a bounded domain with no flux boundary condition. We show that under certain hypotheses, the cross-diffusion c...This paper is concerned with a ratio-dependent predator-prey system with diffusion and cross- diffusion in a bounded domain with no flux boundary condition. We show that under certain hypotheses, the cross-diffusion can create non-constant positive steady states even though the corresponding model without cross-diffusion fails.展开更多
A visible-light-catalyzed synthesis of indol-3-yl aryl ketones from aryldiazonium salts, CO and indoles at room temperature was developed. This process provides a useful method for the preparation of diverse indol-3-y...A visible-light-catalyzed synthesis of indol-3-yl aryl ketones from aryldiazonium salts, CO and indoles at room temperature was developed. This process provides a useful method for the preparation of diverse indol-3-yl aryl ketones from readily accessible reactants under base-free, acid-free and transition-metalfree conditions.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82072425.
文摘BACKGROUND A decreased autophagic capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells(BMSCs)has been suggested to be an important cause of decreased osteogenic differentiation.A pharmacological increase in autophagy of BMSCs is a potential therapeutic option to increase osteoblast viability and ameliorate osteoporosis.AIM To explore the effects of sinomenine(SIN)on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and the underlying mechanisms.METHODS For in vitro experiments,BMSCs were extracted from sham-treated mice and ovariectomized mice,and the levels of autophagy markers and osteogenic differentiation were examined after treatment with the appropriate concen-trations of SIN and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine.In vivo,the therapeutic effect of SIN was verified by establishing an ovariectomy-induced mouse model and by morphological and histological assays of the mouse femur.RESULTS SIN reduced the levels of AKT and mammalian target of the rapamycin(mTOR)phosphorylation in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway,inhibited mTOR activity,and increased autophagy ability of BMSCs,thereby promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and effectively alleviating bone loss in ovariectomized mice in vivo.CONCLUSION The Chinese medicine SIN has potential for the treatment of various types of osteoporosis,bone homeostasis disorders,and autophagy-related diseases.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic value of panoramic immersion B-scan ultrasonography(Pano-immersion B-scan,PIB)in complex retinal detachment(RD),persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous(PHPV)and intraocular tumors.METHODS:The clinical data of 44 patients collected from May 2012 to December 2019 in Chinese PLA General Hospital was retrospectively studied.All of these patients underwent PIB of the eye,because it was difficult to diagnose by routine ocular fundus examination,conventional ultrasound or/and ultrasonic biomicroscope(UBM)due to opacity of refractive media,pupillary occlusion,large involvement or special location of the lesion.The imaging features of difficult cases in PIB were analyzed.The diagnosis accuracy rating of PIB were evaluated and contrasted with conventional ultrasound or UBM by the standard of intraoperative diagnosis or/and pathological results.RESULTS:According to intraoperative diagnosis or pathological results as gold standard,among the 44 cases,there were 19 cases missed diagnosis,misdiagnosed or difficult-to-diagnose by conventional ultrasound or UBM,including 4 cases of long-standing RD difficult to diagnose,4 cases misdiagnosed,and 11 cases incompletely observed or miss diagnosed.The diagnostic accuracy rate of PIB and conventional ultrasound or UBM were 100%(44/44)and 56.82%(25/44),and the sensitivity of them were 100%and 56.82%.All the patients underwent PIB and were diagnosed as RD(15 cases),retinal and choroidal detachment(4 cases),subchoroidal hematocele(1 case),vitreous opacity and/or organic membrane formation(4 cases),PHPV(12 cases),iris and/or ciliary body tumors(3 cases),and choroidal tumors(6 cases).According to the intraoperative diagnosis or pathological results,the diagnostic coincidence rate of PIB was 100%,which was significantly higher than conventional ultrasound and UBM.CONCLUSION:PIB can help to accurately diagnose complex RD,PHPV,and intraocular masses with special location or/and excessive size.It has important diagnostic value for patients with equivocal findings at conventional ultrasound examination.
基金The authors are grateful for the financial supports from National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFB0301303)Beijing Nova Program,China(Z191100001119125)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51974028,U1602271).
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Programme,No.2015AA020511)Clinical Support Foundation of PLA General Hospital,China(No.2016FC-TSYS-I016)。
文摘AIM: To assess the relationships of final best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) and the optic nerve structural loss in varying age-cohorts of optic neuritis(ON) patients.METHODS: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study.Totally 130 ON subjects(200 eyes) without ON onset within 6mo were included, who underwent BCVA assessment,peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer(pRNFL) and macular segmented layers evaluation by optical coherence tomography(OCT).RESULTS: For the 0-18y cohort, the final BCVA(logMAR)was significantly better and less frequent recurrences than adult cohorts(P=0.000). The final BCVA(logMAR) in all age-cohorts of the ON patients had negative and linear correlations to the pRNFL thicknesses and macular retinal ganglion cell layer(mRGCL) volumes, when the pRNFL thicknesses were reduced to the thresholds of 57.2-67.5 μm or 0.691-0.737 mm;in mRGCL volumes, respectively, with the strongest interdependence in the 19-40y cohort. The ON patients from varying age cohorts would be threatened by blindness when their pRNFL thicknesses dropped 36.7-48.3 μm or the mRGCL volumes dropped to 0.495-0.613 mm;.CONCLUSION: The paediatric ON has best prognosis and young adult ON exhibits perfectly linear correlations of final vision and structural loss. The pRNFL and the mRGCL could be potential structural markers to predict the vision prognosis for varying-age ON patients.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070921)。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of segmented measurement of axial length(AL)in high myopia filled with silicone oil by immersion B-scan ultrasonography(immersion B-scan).METHODS:From June 2016 to June 2020,a total of 67 ultra-high myopia inpatients(67 eyes)who underwent silicone oil removal combined with cataract extraction and intraocular lens(IOL)implantation were retrospectively enrolled.The preoperative axial length(AL)of 31 patients with severe cataract were segmented measured using immersion B-scan(B-scan group)and another 36 patients with mild or moderate cataract were measured using IOLMaster 500(IOLMaster group).The post-operative ALs in two groups were both measured using IOLMaster 500.The IOL power was calculated with Haigis formula.The differences in ALs between pre-and post-surgery,as well as the postoperative refractive spherical equivalent,absolute refractive error,the prediction deviation of postoperative refraction and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)were compared.RESULTS:The pre-and post-operative ALs were 30.46±1.63 mm(range 28.09-33.51 mm)and 30.42±1.70 mm(range 28.03-33.90 mm)in B-scan group(t=0.644,P=0.542)and 30.51±1.21 mm(range 28.03-33.90 mm)and 30.43±1.27 mm(range 28.54-33.50 mm)in IOLMaster group(t=1.843,P=0.074),respectively.Three months after surgery,BCVA were 0.45±0.13(range 0.3-0.9)and 0.44±0.20(range 0.2-1.0)in B-scan and IOLMaster group respectively(t=0.086,P=0.932).There was no significant difference of the postoperative spherical equivalent(-3.11±0.65 D vs-3.21±0.51 D,t=0.671,P=0.505)and the absolute refractive error(0.589±0.340 vs 0.470±0.245 D,t=1.615,P=0.112)between two groups.In B-scan group,absolute refractive error within±0.50 D was found in 18 eyes(58.1%),within±1.00 D in 26 eyes(83.9%),and within±1.50 D in 31 eyes(100%).In IOLMaster group,absolute refractive error within±0.50 D was found in 23 eyes(63.9%),within±1.00 D in 34 eyes(94.4%),and within±1.50 D in 36 eyes(Z=0.757,P=0.449).CONCLUSION:The segmented measurement of ALs by immersion B-scan shows comparable measurement accuracy with that of IOLMaster 500 in ultra-high myopia patients with severe cataract secondary to silicone oil filling and can obtain an ideal postoperative refractive state.
基金the Laboratory Open Fund of Beijing Smart-chip Microelectronics Technology Co.Ltd and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11690042)+1 种基金the Science Challenge Project,China(Grant Nos.TZ2018004 and 12035019)the National Major Scientific Research Instrument Projects,China(Grant No.61727804)。
文摘The performance degradation of gate-recessed metal–oxide–semiconductor high electron mobility transistor(MOSHEMT)is compared with that of conventional high electron mobility transistor(HEMT)under direct current(DC)stress,and the degradation mechanism is studied.Under the channel hot electron injection stress,the degradation of gate-recessed MOS-HEMT is more serious than that of conventional HEMT devices due to the combined effect of traps in the barrier layer,and that under the gate dielectric of the device.The threshold voltage of conventional HEMT shows a reduction under the gate electron injection stress,which is caused by the barrier layer traps trapping the injected electrons and releasing them into the channel.However,because of defects under gate dielectrics which can trap the electrons injected from gate and deplete part of the channel,the threshold voltage of gate-recessed MOS-HEMT first increases and then decreases as the conventional HEMT.The saturation phenomenon of threshold voltage degradation under high field stress verifies the existence of threshold voltage reduction effect caused by gate electron injection.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61735010,31671580,and 61601183)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,China(Grant No.162300410190)the Program for Science&Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province,China(Grant No.18HASTIT023)。
文摘A new scheme which generates multi-frequency terahertz(THz)waves from planar waveguide by the optimized cascaded difference frequency generation(OCDFG)is proposed.A THz wave with frequencyω_(T1)is generated by the OCDFG with two infrared pump waves,and simultaneously a series of cascaded optical waves with a frequency intervalω_(T1)is generated.The THz wave with a frequency of M-timesω_(T1)is generated by mixing the m-th-order and the(m+M)-th-order cascaded optical wave.The phase mismatch distributions of cascaded difference frequency generation(CDFG)are modulated by changing the thickness of planar waveguide step by step,thereby satisfying the phase-matching condition from first-order to high-order cascaded Stokes process step by step.As a result,the intensity of THz wave can be enhanced and modulated by controlling the cascading order of OCDFG.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant tumor, which takes the second place in malignant blood disease. The clinical syrnptoms are complicated that make more difficult to diagnose and therapy. Lots of researches locus on the proteins about MM in order to solve those problems. We used proteomic methods to find potential biomarkers in MM patients. Methods: We applied the peptide ligand library beads (PLLBs) to deplete high abundance proteins in serum for finding potential pathogenic factors and biomarkers of MM. Using 1D-Gel-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), we identified 789 and 849 unique serum proteins in MM patients and in healthy controls, respectively. Results: Twenty-two proteins were found differentially expressed between the two groups including sernm anayloid A protein, vitamin D-binding protein isoform-1 precursor, plasma kallikrein, and apolipoprotein A-I. Changes of integrin alpha-11 and isoform-1 of multimerin-l were validated with Western blotting. The linkage of the differentially expressed proteins and the pathogenesis pathways of MM were discussed, Conclusions: PLLB combined with 1D-gel-LC-MS/MS analysis is an efficient method to identity differentially expressed proteins in serum from patients with MM.
基金Supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11601542 and 11626238
文摘This paper is concerned with a ratio-dependent predator-prey system with diffusion and cross- diffusion in a bounded domain with no flux boundary condition. We show that under certain hypotheses, the cross-diffusion can create non-constant positive steady states even though the corresponding model without cross-diffusion fails.
基金the financial support from the Educational Bureau of Yunnan Province (No. 2010Y431)the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (No. 12YNZ05)
文摘A visible-light-catalyzed synthesis of indol-3-yl aryl ketones from aryldiazonium salts, CO and indoles at room temperature was developed. This process provides a useful method for the preparation of diverse indol-3-yl aryl ketones from readily accessible reactants under base-free, acid-free and transition-metalfree conditions.