Membrane materials in the pervaporation separation of aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures—A review

The separation of aromatic/aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures is a significant process in chemical industry, but challenged in some cases. Compared with conventional separation technologies, pervaporation is quite promising in terms of its economical, energy-saving, and eco-friendly advantages. However, this technique has not been used in industry for separating aromatic/aliphatic mixtures yet. One of the main reasons is that the separation performance of existed pervaporation membranes is unsatisfactory. Membrane material is an important factor that affects the separation performance. This review provides an overview on the advances in studying membrane materials for the pervaporation separation of aromatic/aliphatic mixtures over the past decade. Explored pristine polymers and their hybrid materials(as hybrid membranes) are summarized to highlight their nature and separation performance. We anticipate that this review could provide some guidance in the development of new materials for the aromatic/aliphatic pervaporation separation.

Total ionizing dose effect of gamma rays on H-gate PDSOI MOS devices at different dose rates

The total dose effect of ^(60)Co γ-rays on 0.8μm H-gate partially depleted-silicon-on-insulator NMOS devices was investigated at different irradiation doses. The results show that the shift in saturation current at high dose rate is greater than that at low dose rate, due to increase in interface-state density with decreasing dose rate; the scattering effect of interface state on electrons in the channel causes degradation in carrier mobility; and the body current and transconductance of the back gate enhance low-doserate sensitivity when the irradiation is under OFF-bias. A double transconductance peak is observed at 3 kGy(Si)under high dose rates.

Effects of total dose irradiation on the threshold voltage of H-gate SOI NMOS devices

This work researched the impact of total dose irradiation on the threshold voltage of N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors(nMOSFETs) in silicon-on-insulator(SOI) technology.Using the subthreshold separation technology,the factor causing the threshold voltage shift was divided into two parts:trapped oxide charges and interface states,the effects of which are presented under irradiation.Furthermore,by analyzing the data,the threshold voltage shows a negative shift at first and then turns to positive shift when irradiation dose is lower.Additionally,the influence of the dose rate effects on threshold voltage is discussed.The research results show that the threshold voltage shift is more significant in low dose rate conditions,even for a low dose of100 krad(Si).The degeneration value of threshold voltage is 23.4%and 58.0%for the front-gate and the back-gate at the low dose rate,respectively.

Schizophrenia nursing research in China from 2010 to 2014:A bibliometric analysis

Objective: This study used a bibliometric analysis to explore the research development of schizo-phrenia nursing in China from 2010 to 2014. Methods: The CNKI, VIP, and CBM databases were used to retrieve articles in China descri-bing schizophrenia nursing that met the predefined criteria from 2010 to 2014. Altogether, 1486 articles were included and analyzed by bibliometric methods. Results: The area of schizophrenia nursing had an annual average publication of 351 papers. The most productive institutions in schizophrenia nursing were located in Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Shandong, followed by Henan and Zhejiang. The papers were mainly published in the Medical Journal of Chinese People’ s Health and then in the International Journal of Nursing and the Chi-nese Journal of Modern Nursing. The study subjects mainly were on schizophrenics and then care-givers of schizophrenics ( including families, nursing assistant, nurse) . The most often used study designs in schizophrenia nursing research were a quasi-experimental study followed by experience reports and an investigational study. The research topics mainly focused on nursing intervention and rehabilitation training, followed by psychological, quality of life and social function. Conclusions: The schizophrenia nursing research has rapidly developed, with extensive content and abundant study topics, over the past 5 years.

Surface termination effects on the electrical characteristics of La2O3/Al2O3 nanolaminates deposited by atomic layer deposition

Effects of initial surface termination on electrical characteristics of La2O3/Al2O3 nanolaminates deposited by atomic layer deposition are studied by conductive atomic force microscopy working in contact mode and standard electrical characterization methods.It is found that,compared with La2O3/Al2O3 nanolaminates with LaOx as termination,lower interface trap density,less current leakage spots,and higher breakdown voltage are obtained in the La2O3/Al2O3 nanolaminates with AlOx as termination after annealing.A clear promotion of interface silicate layer is observed for La2O3/Al2O3 nanolaminates with AlOx as termination compared with LaOx as termination under the same annealing condition.In addition,the current conduction mechanism in La2O3/Al2O3 nanolaminates is considered as the Poole-Frenkel conduction.All results indicate that the AlOx is a more appropriate termination to deposit La2O3/Al2O3 nanolaminates on Si substrate,which is useful for the high-κ process development.

Factors affecting the production and regeneration of protoplasts: the case of the mycorrhizal fungus Tulasnella calospora from roots of orchids

Protoplast isolation is relevant for many different applications and has been principally used in proceduresnvolving genetic manipulation. In this study, the age of mycelium, osmotic stabilizers, enzyme, incubation temperature and incubation time were evaluated in terms of their effects on protoplast yield. The young mycelia （3 d） of Tulasnella calospora were digested for 6 h at 30℃ in a mixture of 1.2 mol·L-1 MgSO_4 ＋ 10 mmoI·L-1 K2HPO4 as the osmotic stabilizer, with a 1.0% lysing enzyme and 1.5% driselase： more than 106 protoplasts mL-1 were obtained. When collected 3y density gradient centrifugation, the concentration of protoplasts can reach 107-108 protoplasts mL-1, an amount suitable enough for experiments of transformation in fungi. For every 10_5 protoplasts, about 15-25 protoplasts can egenerate after 24-36 h cultivation in a liquid medium and after 8-10 d in an agar medium. This study produced an efficient method for protoplast production, reverting them into a typical mycelia morphology using a Tulasnella calospora solate.

Large inverse and normal magnetocaloric effects in HoBi compound with nonhysteretic first-order phase transition

HoBi single crystal and polycrystalline compounds with Na Cl-type structure are successfully obtained,and their magnetic and magnetocaloric properties are studied in detail.With temperature increasing,Ho Bi compound undergoes two magnetic transitions at 3.7 K and 6 K,respectively.The transition temperature at 6 K is recognized as an antiferromagneticto-paramagnetic(AFM–PM)transition,which belongs to the first-order magnetic phase transition(FOMT).It is interesting that the Ho Bi compound with FOMT exhibits good thermal and magnetic reversibility.Furthermore,a large inverse and normal magnetocaloric effect(MCE)is found in Ho Bi single crystal in the H||[100]direction,and the positive?SMpeak reaches 13.1 J/kg·K under a low field change of 2 T and the negative?S_(M)peak arrives at-18 J/kg·K under a field change of5 T.These excellent properties are expected to be applied to some magnetic refrigerators with special designs and functions.

Correlation of abnormal TLR4/MyD88 expression with ectopic cell proliferation and invasion in endometriosis lesions

Objective: To investigate the correlation of abnormal Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) /Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) expression with ectopic cell proliferation and invasion in endometriosis lesions. Methods: Patients undergoing surgical treatment for ovarian endometriosis in Shenmu Hospital between April 2013 and July 2017 were selected as endometriosis (EMs) group, and patients undergoing surgical treatment due to uterine fibroids in Shenmu Hospital during the same period were selected as control group. The ectopic endometrium tissue was collected from EMs group and the eutopic normal endometrium tissue was collected from control group to determine the mRNA expression of TLR4/MyD88 as well as cell proliferation and invasion regulation genes. Results: TLR4, MyD88, cFLIP, Nanog, Oct4, eIF4E, Twist1, Twist2 and MMP1 mRNA expression in ectopic endometrium tissue of EMs group were significantly higher than those in eutopic normal endometrium tissue of control group whereas LC3, Smac, Bak, E-cadherin, TIMP1 and TIMP2 mRNA expression were significantly lower than those in eutopic normal endometrium tissue of control group;TLR4 and MyD88 mRNA expression in ectopic endometrium tissue of EMs group were negatively correlated with LC3, Smac, Bak, E-cadherin, TIMP1 and TIMP2 mRNA expression, and positively correlated with cFLIP, Nanog, Oct4, eIF4E, Twist1, Twist2 and MMP1 mRNA expression. Conclusion: The abnormal high expression of TLR4/MyD88 in the endometriosis lesion can promote the proliferation and invasion of ectopic cells.

Influence of TRPV1 and LGR5 on downstream proliferation and invasion-related gene expression in endocardial cancer lesions

Objective:To investigate the influence of TRPV1 and LGR5 on downstream proliferation and invasion-related gene expression in endocardial cancer lesions.Methods:A total of 40 patients with endometrial cancer undergoing surgical treatment in our hospital between June 2013 and June 2017 were selected, TRPV1 and LGR5 gene expression in endometrial cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue were detected, and their median was referred to divide the patients into high TRPV1 group and low TRPV1 group as well as high LGR5 group and low LGR5 group, 20 cases in each group. The differences in proliferation and invasion gene expression in endometrial cancer tissues with different TRPV1 and LGR5 expression were compared. Results:TRPV1 and LGR5 gene expression in endometrial cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent tissues. Proliferation genes HMGB1, SRPX2 and Wip-1 mRNA expression in lesion tissues of high TRPV1 group and high LGR5 group were higher than those of low TRPV1 group and low LGR5 group respectively whereas ITLN-1 mRNA expression were lower than those of low TRPV1 group and low LGR5 group respectively;invasion genes MTA1, hnRNP H and Snail mRNA expression in lesion tissues of high TRPV1 group and high LGR5 group were higher than those of low TRPV1 group and low LGR5 group respectively whereas Dickkopf and DKK1 mRNA expression were lower than those of low TRPV1 group and low LGR5 group respectively.Conclusions:TRPV1 and LGR5 expression abnormally increase in endometrial cancer, which are directly correlated with the expression of downstream proliferation and invasion genes, and can affect the progress of the disease together.

The application of the necessity-concerns framework in investigating adherence and beliefs about immunosuppressive medication among Chinese liver transplant recipients

Objective： This study aimed to explore adherence to and beliefs about immunosuppressive medication using the Necessity-Concerns Framework（NCF） in liver transplant recipients.Methods： A cross-sectional study performed in recipients who were at least 3 months post liver transplantation. A convenience sample of 243 recipients was recruited. Self-reported medication adherence was measured by the Basel Assessment of Adherence with Immunosuppressive Medication Scale（BAASIS）. The NCF was operationalized using the Beliefs about Medication Questionnaire（BMQ） to assess the beliefs about necessity and concerns with taking immunosuppressive medication.Results： One-hundred-forty-five liver transplant recipients were non-adherent（59.67%）. Compared to adherers, non-adherers had lower beliefs regarding the necessity of taking immunosuppressive medication and lower scores on the necessity-concerns different from adherers.Conclusions： Non-adherence is common in liver transplant recipients. Non-adherers hold beliefs that are different from adherers. Efforts to increase adherence should be made by targeting medication beliefs.

Global Weak Entropy Solution of Nonlinear Ideal Reaction Chromatography System and Applications

The ideal reaction chromatography model can be regarded as a semi-coupled system of two hyperbolic partial differential equations, in which, one is a self-closed nonlinear equation for the reactant concentration and another is a linear equation coupling the reactant concentration for the resultant concentration. This paper is concerned with the initial-boundary value problem for the above model. By the characteristic method and the truncation method, we construct the global weak entropy solution of this initial initial-boundary value problem for Riemann type of initial-boundary data. Moreover, as examples, we apply the obtained results to the cases of head-on and wide pulse injections and give the expression of the global weak entropy solution.

A double-blind,randomized,placebo-and positive-controlled phase III trial of 1% benvitimod cream in mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis

Background:Benvitimod cream,a novel synthetic small molecule,was effective in treating mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.We conducted a phase III clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of benvitimod cream in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.Methods:We randomly assigned 686 patients(2:1:1)to receive 1%benvitimod cream,0.005%calcipotriol ointment or placebo twice a day for 12 weeks.The primary efficacy end points were the percentage of patients with a 75%or greater reduction from baseline in the psoriasis area and severity index(PASI 75)score and with a score of 0 or 1 in static physician’s global assessment(sPGA)at week 12.Results:The results showed that 50.4%of patients in the benvitimod group achieved PASI 75,which was significantly higher than that in the calcipotriol(38.5%,P<0.05)and placebo(13.9%,P<0.05)groups.The proportion of patients achieving an sPGA score 0 or 1 was 66.3%in the benvitimod group and 63.9%in the calcipotriol group,which were both significantly higher than that in the placebo group(34%,P<0.05).In the long-term follow-up study,50.8%of patients experienced recurrence.After retreatment with 1%benvitimod,73.3%of patients achieved an sPGA score of 0 or 1 again at week 52.Adverse events included application site irritation,follicular papules,and contact dermatitis.No systemic adverse reactions were reported.Conclusion:During this 12-week study,benvitimod cream was demonstrated with high effectiveness and safety in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis.

Thermoelectric properties of (GeTe)_(1-x)[(Ag_(2)Te)_(0.4)(Sb_(2)Te_(3))_(0.6)]_(x) alloys

The(GeTe)_(x)(AgSbTe_(2))_(100-x)alloys(TAGS-x)have been demonstrated as a promising p-type candidate for thermoelectric applications,attracting numerous atten-tions on the advancements of thermoelectric performance.Manipulation of carrier concentration for optimizing ther-moelectric performance in TAGS can be achieved by varying the ratio of Ag to Sb,and the Ag/Sb ratio of~2/3 has been proven as the optimal composition.Therefore,this work focuses on the systematic investigation on ther-moelectric properties of(GeTe)_(1-x)[(Ag_(2)Te)_(0.4)(Sb_(2)Te_(3))_(0.6)]_(x) alloys.The crystal structure for the alloys transfers from rhombohedral to cubic at room temperature as x≥0.2.The evolution of band parameter is estimated using a single parabolic band(SPB)model with acoustic phonon scat-tering.The density of states effective mass increases with x increasing,which leads to an enhancement of Seebeck coefficient along with a reduction in Hall mobility due to the additional carrier scattering by point defects.Mean-while,the lattice thermal conductivity of lower than~0.7 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1) in the entire temperature range and the lowest one of only 0.45 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1) is achieved due to additional phonon scattering by point defects.As a result,a peak thermoelectric figure of merit(zT)of~1.80 and an average one of~1.37 in 300–800 K are realized in non-stoichiometric TAGS alloys here.

Analysis on Chemical Constituents of Chinese Materia Medica Formulation Sini Decoction by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS

Objectives To develop a high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） tandem mass spectrometry method for screening and identifying the multiple constituents in the complex Chinese materia medica （CMM） formulation Sini Decoction. Methods The chemical constituents in Sini prescription as an entirety were isolated and analyzed by HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry （ESI-IT-MS） in order to clarify the chemical components of Sini Decoction and explore the chemical methods of studying CMM prescriptions. Results Twenty-five compounds were isolated from the water extract of this decoction. Through chemical and spectral analyses, the structures of 20 compounds were elucidated, including 15 flavonoids, one triterpene, two coumarins, and two other types of compounds. By using HPLC-DAD-MSn technique, the MSn cleavage behaviors of the flavonoids have been summarized as well as the origin of the isolated compounds was assigned. Conclusion The phytochemical compositon of Sini prescription is tentatively characterized by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-MS.. The results of the experiments demonstrate that the combination of HPLC and ESI-MSn is a sensitive and effective tool for rapidly investigating the complex CMM formulations.

On P≥3-factor Deleted Graphs

A spanning subgraph F of a graph G is called a path factor of G if each component of F is a path.A P≥k-factor means a path factor with each component having at least k vertices,where k≥2 is an integer.Bazgan,Benhamdine,Li and Wozniak[C.Bazgan,A.H.Benhamdine,H.Li,M.Wozniak,Partitioning vertices of 1-tough graph into paths,Theoret.Comput.Sci.263(2001)255–261.]obtained a toughness condition for a graph to have a P≥3-factor.We introduce the concept of a P≥k-factor deleted graph,that is,if a graph G has a P≥k-factor excluding e for every e∈E(G),then we say that G is a P≥k-factor deleted graph.In this paper,we show four sufficient conditions for a graph to be a P≥3-factor deleted graph.Furthermore,it is shown that four results are best possible in some sense.

Genus Ptyobathra Turner new to China,with description of a new species(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae:Phycitinae)

The genus Ptyobathra Turner is newly reported from China. Ptyobathra recta sp. nov. is described as new; P. hypolepidota Turner, 1905 is newly recorded for China. Images of adults and genitalia are provided.

Taxonomic study of the genus Etiella Zeller(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae:Phycitinae) in China

The genus Etiella Zeller, 1839 is reviewed in China. Etiella brevis sp. nov. is described as new; E. grisea Hampson, 1903 and E. walsinghamella Ragonot, 1888 are newly recorded for China. Images of adults and genitalia are provided, along with a key to all the known Chinese species of this genus.

Novel synthetic 9-benzyloxyacridine analogue as both tyrosine kinase and topoisomerase I inhibitor

Multi-target agents against tyrosine kinases and topoisomerases are potentially useful for the effective treatment of cancers.Discovery of new multi-target scaffolds are important for developing such agents. A series of five novel acridine analogues,LXL 1-5,were synthesized and their antiproliferative activity against HepC-2 cell lines were evaluated,among which the 9-benzyloxyacridine analogue,LXL-5, showed inhibitory activity against tyrosine kinases,VEGFR-2 and Src.The results of UV-visible absorption spectra and fluorescence emission spectra,as well as DNA topoisomerase I inhibition assay, indicated topoisomerase I inhibitory activity.Our study suggested that acridine scaffold,previously shown to have no multi-target kinase and topoisomerase inhibitory activity,might be potentially developed as a multi-target inhibitor of tyrosine kinases and topoisomerase I.

Novel synthetic acridine-based derivatives as topoisomerase Ⅰ inhibitors

Novel DNA binding agents against topoisomerases are needed for effective treatment of cancers. A series of new acridine-based derivatives 7a-7d were synthesized and their antiproliferative activity against K562 and HepG-2 cell lines were evaluated. Compound 7c with pyridin-2-yl-methanamino group substituted at the C9 position of acridine showed good antitumor activity against both cell lines. The DNA-binding affinity of compound 7c was evaluated by UV-vis absorption spectra and fluorescence emission spectra. DNA topoisomerase I mediated relaxation of plasmid pBR322 DNA was also tested. Our results suggested that compound 7c with good antitumor activity and topoisomerase I inhibition activity can be developed as a prime candidate for further chemical optimization.

Discussions on Orthogonal Factorizations in Digraphs

Let m,t,r and k_(i)(1≤i≤m)be positive integers with k_(i)≥(t+3)r/2,and G be a digraph with vertex set V(G)and arc set E(G).Let H_(1),H_(2),…,H_(t) be t vertex-disjoint subdigraphs of G with mr arcs.In this article,it is verified that every[0,k_(1)+k_(2)+…+k_(m)-(m-1)r]-digraph G has a[0,k_(i)]_(1)^(m)-factorization r-orthogonal to every H_(i) for 1≤i≤t.