二氢杨梅素对运动性骨骼肌损伤的保护作用及机制研究

目的探讨二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin,DHM)对运动训练后小鼠骨骼肌损伤的保护作用及潜在机制。方法将成年雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为安静对照组(CG)、运动组(EG)、二氢杨梅素(100mg/kg·d)+运动组(DHM组)。干预期4周,同时进行运动训练,每天1小时。训练结束后的次日,EG组和DHM组进行一次坡度为0、速度为18 m/min、持续90 min的跑台运动。运动结束后24小时按组别取材,测定血清肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)和总超氧化物歧化酶(total superoxide dismutase,T-SOD)活性、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量和骨骼肌线粒体酶复合体Ⅰ和Ⅱ的活性,观察骨骼肌病理学组织形态变化。免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测线粒体功能相关通路的蛋白表达。结果与EG组相比,DHM组小鼠骨骼肌形态改变和线粒体损伤明显减轻。DHM显著抑制了运动后骨骼肌损伤的标志物CK和LDH及脂质过氧化水平,提高了骨骼肌T-SOD活性。Western blot结果显示,DHM显著增加小鼠骨骼肌沉默调节蛋白3(SIRT3)、雌激素相关受体α(EERα)和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ共激活因子-1α(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha,PGC-1α)的表达。结论DHM有助于减轻小鼠运动性骨骼肌损伤,其机制可能是DHM可激活肌肉SIRT3信号通路,促进大强度运动后骨骼肌线粒体结构和功能的恢复。

Impact of consolidation pressure on contaminant migration in clay liner

Consolidation deformation occurs in clay liners under the self-weight of wastes at a simple garbage dump or dredged sediment dump, which leads to a decrease in the porosity. However. the migration of contaminants in clay liners is influenced by the porosity. Thus, the impact of consolidation deformation of clay liners on the migration of contaminants cannot be ignored. Based on Biot＇s consolidation theory, the contaminant migration theory, and consideration of the three kinds of migration mechanisms of convection, diffusion, and adsorption, a one-dimensional migration model of contaminants in deforming porous media was established, and the finite difference method was adopted to obtain the numerical solutions for an established initial-boundary value problem. The impact of consolidation pressure on the migration law of a contaminant was studied. The results show that, regardless of adsorption modes, different consolidation pressures have similar impacts on the migration law of the contaminant. Namely, over a certain migration time, the greater the consolidation pressure is, the smaller the migration depth of the contaminant. The results also show that, while the migration time increases, the impact of a certain increment of consolidation pressure on the variation of contaminant concentration with the depth increases gradually and, while the migration depth increases, the impact of a certain increment of consolidation pressure on the variation of the contaminant concentration with time increases gradually.

Identification of hepatitis B virus and liver cancer bridge molecules based on functional module network

BACKGROUND The potential role of chronic inflammation in the development of cancer has been widely recognized.However,there has been little research fully and thoroughly exploring the molecular link between hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To elucidate the molecular links between HBV and HCC through analyzing the molecular processes of HBV-HCC using a multidimensional approach.METHODS First,maladjusted genes shared between HBV and HCC were identified by disease-related differentially expressed genes.Second,the protein-protein interaction network based on dysfunctional genes identified a series of dysfunctional modules and significant crosstalk between modules based on the hypergeometric test.In addition,key regulators were detected by pivot analysis.Finally,targeted drugs that have regulatory effects on diseases were predicted by modular methods and drug target information.RESULTS The study found that 67 genes continued to increase in the HBV-HCC process.Moreover,366 overlapping genes in the module network participated in multiple functional blocks.It could be presumed that these genes and their interactions play an important role in the relationship between inflammation and cancer.Correspondingly,significant crosstalk constructed a module level bridge for HBV-HCC molecular processes.On the other hand,a series of non-coding RNAs and transcription factors that have potential pivot regulatory effects on HBV and HCC were identified.Among them,some of the regulators also had persistent disorders in the process of HBV-HCC including microRNA-192,microRNA-215,and microRNA-874,and early growth response 2,FOS,and Kruppel-like factor 4.Therefore,the study concluded that these pivots are the key bridge molecules outside the module.Last but not least,a variety of drugs that may have some potential pharmacological or toxic side effects on HBV-induced HCC were predicted,but their mechanisms still need to be further explored.CONCLUSION The results suggest that the persistent inflammatory environment of HBV can be utilized as an important risk factor to induce the occurrence of HCC,which is supported by molecular evidence.

IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis and chronic sclerosing sialadenitis mimicking cholangiocarcinoma and neck malignancy

To the Editor:IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis（IgG4-SC）has re cently been recognized as a biliary manifestation of IgG4-related disease（IgG4-RD）.Type 3 IgG4-SC pre sented biliary strictures in both the porta hepatis and the distal common bile duct（CBD）.;Its manifestation especially in the absence of autoimmune pancreatitis,is extremely rare and very similar to that of cholangiocarci noma（CC）.

阿替普酶与尿激酶导管接触性溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓有效性与安全性的Meta分析

目的系统评价阿替普酶与尿激酶导管接触性溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓的有效性与安全性。方法计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase、WanFang Data、CNKI、SinoMed数据库,搜集阿替普酶和尿激酶行导管接触性溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓的随机对照试验及队列研究,检索时限从建库至2021年12月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7项队列研究,包括598例患者。Meta分析结果显示,有效性方面,阿替普酶与尿激酶在临床有效率[RR=1.07,95%CI(0.91,1.25),P=0.43]、血栓溶解率[RR=1.08,95%CI(0.99,1.16),P=0.07]方面差异均无统计学意义,阿替普酶溶栓时间显著短于尿激酶[MD=-1.12,95%CI(-1.93,-0.31),P=0.007];安全性方面,阿替普酶与尿激酶在小出血发生率[RR=1.19,95%CI(0.70,2.00),P=0.52]、大出血发生率[RR=0.73,95%CI(0.27,1.98),P=0.54]方面差异无统计学意义。结论下肢深静脉血栓患者使用阿替普酶与尿激酶行导管接触性溶栓治疗,溶栓效果、出血风险相当,但阿替普酶组的溶栓时间短于尿激酶组。受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚需开展更多高质量的研究予以验证。

临床实践指南实施性促进研究之五:中医/中西医结合临床实践指南与专家共识的实施性评价

目的 通过指南实施性评价工具评价国内外已发表的中医/中西医结合临床指南与专家共识的实施性质量,了解中医/中西医结合临床指南与专家共识的实施性,为促进中医/中西医指南的实施与推广提供参考。方法 计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方(WanFang Data)、PubMed、医脉通,搜集中医/中西医结合原创指南/共识。应用指南实施性评价工具对纳入的中医/中西医指南进行实施性评价。结果 共纳入指南/共识231部,其中指南119部、共识112部。总体来看,中医/中西医结合指南/共识的实施性较低,大部分指南/共识的实施性质量属于低等级(90.91%)。结论 我国中医/中西医临床实践指南/专家共识的实施性仍有待提高,将实施科学纳入指南制订过程,并从源头开始管理和引导,优化指南内容呈现与传播策略,可促进指南/共识的实施与应用。

Structure of V_2O_5-P_2O_5-Sb_2O_3-Bi_2O_3 glass

The structure ofV2O5-P2O5-Sb2O3-Bi2O3glass and its state of crystallization were studied by means of infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results indicate that, in this glass, V and P exist mainly in the form of a single-stranded linear （VO3）n and an isolated （PO4） tetrahedral with no double bond. Partial V and P are connected through O, forming an amorphous structure of layered vana- dium phosphate. Trivalent Sb3＋ and Bi3＋ open the V=O bond and appear in interlayers, so a weak three-dimensional structure is connected successfully. Along with the substitution of Sb203 for partial V205 or that of P205 for partial V205, the network structure of the glass is rein- forced, and the crystallization is reduced.

Applying healthcare failure mode and effect analysis to patient pain management in the anesthesia recovery period

Objective： To standardize pain management in the anesthesia recovery period and improve the effects of analgesia on acute postoperative pain. Methods： Using healthcare failure mode and effect analysis （HFMEA）, we analyzed the primary cause of patients＇ pain and subsequently determined the process and risk priority number （RPN）. Results： Actions were taken to improve patients＇ pain. After using HFMEA, the experimental group＇s visual analog scale （VAS） scores were lower than those of the control group at 1 h and at discharge from the post-anesthetic intensive care unit （PAICU）. The differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： The application of failure mode and effect analysis can relieve pain and improve the quality of nursing.

Enhancement of radiosensitivity of MCF-7 breast cancer cells subjected to X-ray or carbon-ion irradiations

The sensitivity of cancer cells to radiation therapy varies based on cell cycle phase. Here we evaluated the differences between X-ray and carbon-ion irradiation with respect to cellular radiosensitivity and cancer cycle arrest in the breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. The cell survival rate, cell cycle distribution and the presence of apoptosis were measured by clonogenic assay and flow cytometry. BRCA1 and p21 protein levels were analyzed by Western blot, and the levels of human telomerase reverse transcriptase(h TERT) m RNA expression and telomere length were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results show a significant dose-dependent effects on survival rate, apoptosis and protein levels in the carbon-ion group of MCF-7 cells. Decreased proliferation was not observed at 2 Gy X-ray irradiation. There were significant differences in cellular cycle arrest, apoptosis percentages and BRCA1 and p21 protein expression between X-ray and heavy-ion groups. The results indicatedthat increasing in BRCA1 and p21 expression, and attenuation of h TERT gene expression induced by heavy-ion irradiation in MCF-7 cells might relate to mechanism of cellular radiosensitivity in G2/M arrested phase.

Clinical factors associated with the number of gallbladder polyps

Gallbladder polyps(GBPs),which are defined as a pathological change protruding from the gallbladder mucosa,are one of the main causes of hospital admission for cholecystectomy.The incidence of GBPs is 4.2 to 9.5%in China.To date,the etiology of GBPs has not yet been clearly defined.According to previous studies,metabolic status is strongly associated with GBPs.⑵A single polyp is more likely to exhibit a malignant transformation,and large(diameter greater than 10 mm)single polyps should be resected together with the entire gallbladder.However,multiple polyps seem unlikely to transform.Thus,number of GBPs is an important factor that affects the treatment of GBPs.However,clinical factors associated w让h the number of GBPs are not completely understood;therefore,the aim of the current study is to investigate these factors.

PASS: a simple, efficient parallelism-aware solid state drive I/O scheduler

Emerging non-volatile memory technologies,especially flash-based solid state drives(SSDs),have increasingly been adopted in the storage stack.They provide numerous advantages over traditional mechanically rotating hard disk drives(HDDs)and have a tendency to replace HDDs.Due to the long existence of HDDs as primary building blocks for storage systems,however,much of the system software has been specially designed for HDD and may not be optimal for non-volatile memory media.Therefore,in order to realistically leverage its superior raw performance to the maximum,the existing upper layer software has to be re-evaluated or re-designed.To this end,in this paper,we propose PASS,an optimized I/O scheduler at the Linux block layer to accommodate the changing trend of underlying storage devices toward flash-based SSDs.PASS takes the rich internal parallelism in SSDs into account when dispatching requests to the device driver in order to achieve high performance.Specifically,it partitions the logical storage space into fixed-size regions(preferably the component package sizes)as scheduling units.These scheduling units are serviced in a round-robin manner and for every chance that the chosen dispatching unit issues only a batch of either read or write requests to suppress the excessive mutual interference.Additionally,the requests are sorted according to their visiting addresses while waiting in the dispatching queues to exploit high sequential performance of SSD.The experimental results with a variety of workloads have shown that PASS outperforms the four Linux off-the-shelf I/O schedulers by a degree of 3%up to41%,while at the same time it improves the lifetime significantly,due to reducing the internal write amplification.

大鼠循经低流阻通道的发现

Background:Continuous and porous low hydraulic resistance channels(LHRCs)are important structures of meridians in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).In this study,based on the previous research on LHRCs along meridian paths(LHRCMs)in mini-pig,we aimed to detect the low hydraulic resistance point(LHRP)and display the LHRCMs in rats.Methods:A technique for measuring interstitial hydraulic resistance(Rh)in rats was established to detect and measure the Rh along the conception vessel(CV)in TCM,and Alcian Blue(AB)solution was injected into the LHRP along the CV.The interstitial fluid pressure(IFP)of the LHRP was measured before and after AB injection.Then,the distribution characteristics of the AB solution were investigated to explore the relationship between AB tracks and meridian paths in TCM.Results:The positions of the LHRPs coincided with the low impedance points(LIPs)of the rat skin along the CV.The Rh value along the CV(10.37,1.26,×10^(6)dyne s cm^(-5))was significantly lower than that in the non-meridian area(19.13±1.37,×10^(6)dyne s cm^(-5),P<0.01).After AB injection,the IFP of the LHRP was 2.52 mmHg,which was higher than that before AB injection.The AB tracks(ABT)along the CV,spleen meridian,and kidney meridian appeared in one or two directions,with single or multiple paths and uneven thickness and length.The appearance rate was 73.33%.Conclusions:LHRCMs existed not only in minipigs but also in rats.The LHRCMs could be observed after AB injection into the LHRP in the subcutaneous connective tissues of rats.