Generation of a tree shrew breast cancer model using lentivirus expressing PIK3CA-H1047R

DEAR EDITOR,Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women,posing a serious threat to health. Tree shrews(Tupaia belangeri chinensis) are evolutionarily closer to humans than rodents and are emerging as an attractive experimental animal model for breast cancer. The PIK3CA gene is frequently mutated in both human and tree shrew breast tumors. Herein, we effectively overexpressed PIK3CA-H1047R in the mammary epithelial cells of tree shrews using a lentivirus to induce breast tumors.

Banking of perinatal mesenchymal stem/stromal cells for stem cellbased personalized medicine over lifetime:Matters arising

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells(MSCs)are currently applied in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.Numerous clinical studies have indicated that MSCs from different tissue sources can provide therapeutic benefits for patients.MSCs derived from either human adult or perinatal tissues have their own unique advantages in their medical practices.Usually,clinical studies are conducted by using of cultured MSCs after thawing or short-term cryopreserved-then-thawed MSCs prior to administration for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and medical disorders.Currently,cryogenically banking perinatal MSCs for potential personalized medicine for later use in lifetime has raised growing interest in China as well as in many other countries.Meanwhile,this has led to questions regarding the availability,stability,consistency,multipotency,and therapeutic efficiency of the potential perinatal MSC-derived therapeutic products after longterm cryostorage.This opinion review does not minimize any therapeutic benefit of perinatal MSCs in many diseases after short-term cryopreservation.This article mainly describes what is known about banking perinatal MSCs in China and,importantly,it is to recognize the limitation and uncertainty of the perinatal MSCs stored in cryobanks for stem cell medical treatments in whole life.This article also provides several recommendations for banking of perinatal MSCs for potentially future personalized medicine,albeit it is impossible to anticipate whether the donor will benefit from banked MSCs during her/his lifetime.

Novel application of multispectral refraction topography in the observation of myopic control effect by orthokeratology lens in adolescents

BACKGROUND Myopia,as one of the common ocular diseases,often occurs in adolescence.In addition to the harm from itself,it may also lead to serious complications.Thus,prevention and control of myopia are attracting more and more attention.Previous research revealed that single-focal glasses and orthokeratology lenses(OK lenses)played an important part in slowing down myopia and preventing high myopia.AIM To compare the clinical effects of OK lenses and frame glasses against the increase of diopter in adolescent myopia and further explore the mechanism of the OK lens.METHODS Changes in diopter and axial length were collected among 70 adolescent myopia patients(124 eyes)wearing OK lenses for 1 year(group A)and 59 adolescent myopia patients(113 eyes)wearing frame glasses(group B).Refractive states of their retina were inspected through multispectral refraction topography.The obtained hyperopic defocus was analyzed for the mechanism of OK lenses on slowing down the increase of myopic diopter by delaying the increase of ocular axis length and reducing the near hyperopia defocus.RESULTS Teenagers in groups A and B were divided into low myopia(0 D--3.00 D)and moderate myopia(-3.25 D--6.00 D),without statistical differences among gender and age.After 1-year treatment,the increase of diopter and axis length and changes of retinal hyperopic defocus amount of group A were significantly less than those of group B.According to the multiple linear analysis,the retinal defocus in the upper,lower,nasal,and temporal directions had almost the same effect on the total defocus.The amount of peripheral retinal defocus(15°-53°)in group A was significantly lower than that in group B.CONCLUSION Multispectral refraction topography is progressive and instructive in clinical prevention and control of myopia.

Explicit Symplectic Geometric Algorithms for Quaternion Kinematical Differential Equation

Solving quaternion kinematical differential equations(QKDE) is one of the most significant problems in the automation, navigation, aerospace and aeronautics literatures. Most existing approaches for this problem neither preserve the norm of quaternions nor avoid errors accumulated in the sense of long term time. We present explicit symplectic geometric algorithms to deal with the quaternion kinematical differential equation by modelling its time-invariant and time-varying versions with Hamiltonian systems and adopting a three-step strategy. Firstly,a generalized Euler's formula and Cayley-Euler formula are proved and used to construct symplectic single-step transition operators via the centered implicit Euler scheme for autonomous Hamiltonian system. Secondly, the symplecticity, orthogonality and invertibility of the symplectic transition operators are proved rigorously. Finally, the explicit symplectic geometric algorithm for the time-varying quaternion kinematical differential equation, i.e., a non-autonomous and non-linear Hamiltonian system essentially, is designed with the theorems proved. Our novel algorithms have simple structures, linear time complexity and constant space complexity of computation. The correctness and efficiencies of the proposed algorithms are verified and validated via numerical simulations.

Substance P combined with epidermal stem cells promotes wound healing and nerve regeneration in diabetes mellitus

Exogenous substance P accelerates wound healing in diabetes,but the mechanism remains poorly understood.Here,we established a rat model by intraperitoneally injecting streptozotocin.Four wounds（1.8 cm diameter） were drilled using a self-made punch onto the back,bilateral to the vertebral column,and then treated using amniotic membrane with epidermal stem cells and/or substance P around and in the middle of the wounds.With the combined treatment the wound-healing rate was 100% at 14 days.With prolonged time,type I collagen content gradually increased,yet type III collagen content gradually diminished.Abundant protein gene product 9.5-and substance P-immunoreactive nerve fibers regenerated.Partial nerve fiber endings extended to the epidermis.The therapeutic effects of combined substance P and epidermal stem cells were better than with amniotic membrane and either factor alone.Our results suggest that the combination of substance P and epidermal stem cells effectively contributes to nerve regeneration and wound healing in diabetic rats.

Correlation of immune response and inflammatory response with YKL-40 content in children with recurrent pneumonia

Objective:To study the correlation of immune response and inflammatory response with human cartilage glycoprotein 39 (YKL-40) content in children with recurrent pneumonia. Methods: Children who were treated in the Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture due to recurrent pneumonia between May 2014 and October 2017 were selected as the experimental group A of the research, children who were treated in the Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture due to acute pneumonia during the same period were selected as the experimental group B of the study, and children who received physical examination in the Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture during the same period were selected as the control group. Serum was collected to determine the contents of YKL-40, immune molecules and inflammatory molecules, and peripheral blood was collected to determine the expression of immune molecules and inflammatory molecules.Results: Serum YKL-40, IFN-γ, HMGB1, TNF-α, MCP4 and CysLTs levels as well as peripheral blood TLR4 and NF-κB expression intensity of experiment group A and experiment group B were higher than those of control group whereas peripheral blood TIM1, TIM3 and CD19 expression intensity as well as serum IL-4 levels were lower than those of control group, and the change of above indexes in experimental group A was more significant than that in experimental group B;peripheral blood TIM1, TIM3 and CD19 expression intensity as well as serum IL-4 level of experimental group A with high YKL-40 were significantly lower than those of experimental group A with low YKL-40 whereas serum IFN-γ, HMGB1, TNF-α, MCP4 and CysLTs levels as well as peripheral blood TLR4 and NF-κB expression intensity were significantly higher than those of experimental group A with low YKL-40.Conclusions: The abnormal secretion of YKL-40 in children with recurrent pneumonia is closely related to the disorder of immune response and the exceissive activation of inflammatory response.

Effects of Huaiqihuang Granule on immunoglobulin, T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in children with cough variant asthma

Objective:To observe the effect of Huaiqihuang granule on immunoglobulin, T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in children with cough variant asthma (CVA). Methods:80 cases of children with CVA were enrolled in our hospital from June 2015 to June 2016, and were randomly divided into study group and control group. Two groups were both given salbutamol aerosol powder. On this basis, the control group was given Montelukast Sodium Chewable Tablets, while the study group was treated with Huaiqihuang granules. The interleukin 4 (IL-4), interferon-γ(IFN-γ), IgA, IgG and IgE levels and CD4+, CD8+T lymphocyte ratio analyze in children after 3 months of treatment. Results:There were no significant differences between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). Both IgA and IgG were significantly higher in the two groups after treatment, while IgE was significantly lower (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the IgA and IgG in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), while IgE was significantly lower (P<0.05). After treatment, compared with the control group, the proportion of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the study group were significantly lower than that of the control group, and the CD8+ratio increased more significantly (P<0.05). After treatment, IL-4 decreased significantly, while IFN-γand IFN-γ/IL-4 were significantly increased (P<0.05), IL-4 level of the study group decreased significantly compared with the control group, and IFN-γincreased significantly compared with the control group, and the level of IFN-γ/IL-4 after treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Huaiqihuang granule can improve humoral immunity and cellular immunity of children with CVA, and can adjust the immune cells balance of Th1/Th2, and improve the immune function and prognosis of children with CVA.

Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of Donepezil in treating cognitive decline of Parkinson's disease

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Donepezil in treating the cognitive decline in patients with Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods:Nine literature databases in domestic and abroad were searched by computer,and the search deadline was November 2,2020.The randomized controlled trials(RCT)using donepezil to treat the cognitive decline in patients with PD were screened.The MMSE(Mini-Mental State Exam)scores,MoCA(Montreal Cognitive Assessment)scores and adverse events of the included RCTs were extracted.Meta-analysis was implemented with RevMan 5.3 software,and the subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate the effects of mean age and mean course of disease on the MMSE scores.Results:14 RCTs with 1263 patients were selected,including 646 cases in the experimental group and 617 cases in the control group.There were 1209 effective patients who completed MMSE score,including 612 in the experimental group and 597 in the control group.Meta-analysis results showed that MMSE scores in the experimental group were higher than that in the control group after using donepezil intervention,and the difference was statistically significant[SMD=0.55,95%CI(0.24,0.87),P=0.0006].It was also found that the MoCA scores of experimental group were higher than that of control group after using donepezil intervention,and the difference was statistically significant[SMD=1.25,95%CI(0.79,1.72),P<0.00001].Subgroup analysis showed that donepezil improved MMSE scores in different subgroups,and the difference between each group was statistically significant.There was no heterogeneity in the subgroup of mean age lower than 65 years,and the heterogeneity existed between the subgroup of mean course of disease lower than 3 years and the subgroup of mean course of disease larger than or equal to 3 years.For adverse events,the incidence of adverse events in the experimental group was 22.18%.There was no heterogeneity between the included studies(I2=0%),and the difference was not statistically significant[RR=1.18,95%CI(0.95,1.47),P=0.14].Conclusion:The results of meta-analysis showed that donepezil can improve the cognitive decline in patients with Parkinson's disease significantly,and it has good safety.

Effect of adjuvant interferon aerosol inhalation on inflammatory response and stress response in neonatal viral pneumonia

Objective: To study the effect of adjuvant interferon aerosol inhalation on inflammatory response and stress response in neonatal viral pneumonia. Methods: The newborns with viral pneumonia who were treated in our hospital between May 2015 and October 2017 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the IFN group who received interferon inhalation combined with routine symptomatic treatment and the control group who received routine symptomatic treatment The contents of inflammatory cytokines and stress mediators in serum as well as the expression of inflammatory signaling molecules in peripheral blood were measured before treatment and 7 d after treatment. Results: Compared with those of same group before treatment, SP-A, sICAM1, suPAR, sTREM1, Copeptin, Ins, NE and 8-iso-PG levels in serum as well as Tim1, Tim3, TLR2, TLR4 and NF-κB mRNA expression in peripheral blood of both groups significantly decreased 7 d after treatment, and SP-A, sICAM1, suPAR, sTREM1, Copeptin, Ins, NE and 8-iso-PG levels in serum as well as Tim1, Tim3, TLR2, TLR4 and NF-κB mRNA expression in peripheral blood of IFN group 7 d after treatment were significantly lower than those of control group. Conclusion: Adjuvant interferon aerosol inhalation can reduce the activation of inflammatory response and stress response in neonatal viral pneumonia.

Analysis of aroma-active compounds in three sweet osmanthus(Osmanthus fragrans) cultivars by GC-olfactometry and GC-MS

Objective：Aroma is the core factor in aromatherapy. Sensory evaluation of aromas differed among three sweet osmanthus （Osmanthus fragrans） cultivar groups. The purpose of this study was to investigate the aroma-active compounds responsible for these differences. Methods： Gas chromatography-olfactometry （GC-O） and GC-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） were used to analyze the aroma-active compounds and volatiles of creamy-white （‘Houban Yingui’, HBYG）, yellow （‘Liuye Jingui’, LYJG）, and orange （‘Gecheng Dangui’, GCDG） cultivars. Results：Seventeen aroma-active compounds were detected among 54 volatiles. trans-β-Ocimene, trans-β-ionone, and linalool, which were major volatiles, were identified as aroma-active, while cis-3-hexenyl butanoate,γ-terpinene, and hexyl butanoate were also aroma-active compounds, although their contents were low. Analysis of the odors was based on the sum of the modified frequency （MF） values of aroma-active compounds in different odor groups. HBYG contained more herb odors, contributed by cis-β-ocimene and trans-β-ocimene, while LYJG had more woody/violet/fruity odors released by trans-β-ionone, α-ionone, and hexyl butanoate. In GCDG, the more floral odors were the result of cis-linalool oxide, trans-linalool oxide, and linalool. Conclusions：Aroma-active compounds were not necessarily only the major volatiles：some volatiles with low content also contributed to aroma. The aroma differences among the three cultivars resulted from variation in the content of different odor groups and in the intensities of aroma-active compounds.

Flexible carbon fiber-based composites for electromagnetic interference shielding

With the rapid development of electronic information technology,the waste electromagnetic radiation generated by the wireless and various other electronic devices has caused serious harm to human health.The development of high-efficiency flexible electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials has become one of the most effective ways to mitigate the increasingly serious problem of electromagnetic pollution.Flexible carbon fiber composites possess most of the physical requirements needed for EMI shielding applications,including high electrical conductivity,large specific surface area,light weight,flexibility,porous structure,and adjustable physical and chemical properties,and various morphology of carbon fibers-based composites applied EMI.In this review,the primary EMI shielding mechanism of carbonfiber-based materials is presented.Since carbon fiber suffers from a low absorption efficiency when used for EMI shielding by itself,it is usually combined with additional EMI filling materials.Therefore,the methods of adding EMI filler materials to the carbon fiber framework and the influence of different fillers on the EMI shielding performance are also discussed.In addition,the novel structural designs of flexible carbon fiber-based EMI shielding materials,including fiber orientation,core-shell structure,and multilayer heterostructure,are summarized in terms of their classification,which includes composites with metal,polymer,nano-carbon,and MXenes.The review concludes with a brief discussion of the challenges,research directions,and future prospects of carbon-fiber-based EMI shielding materials.

Genomic organization and sequence dynamics of the AvrPiz-t locus in Magnaporthe oryzae

Plants utilize multiple layers of defense mechanisms to fight against the invasion of diverse pathogens.The R gene mediates resistance,in most cases,dependent on the co-existence of its cognate pathogen-derived avirulence (Avr) gene.The rice blast R gene Piz-t corresponds in gene-for-gene fashion to the Magnaporthe oryzae Avr gene AvrPiz-t.In this study,we determined and compared the genomic sequences surrounding the AvrPiz-t gene in both avirulent and virulent isolates,designating as AvrPiz-t-ZB15 and avrPiz-t-70-15 regions,respectively.The sequence of the AvrPiz-t-ZB15 region is 120966 bp whereas avrPiz-t-70-15 is 146292 bp in length.The extreme sequence similarity and good synteny in gene order and content along with the absence of two predicted genes in the avrPiz-t-70-15 region were observed in the predicted protein-coding regions in the AvrPiz-t locus.Nevertheless,frequent presence/absence and highly dynamic organization of transposable elements (TEs) were identified,representing the major variation of the AvrPiz-t locus between different isolates.Moreover,TEs constitute 27.3% and 43.2% of the genomic contents of the AvrPiz-t-ZB15 and avrPiz-t-70-15 regions,respectively,indicating that TEs contribute largely to the organization and evolution of AvrPiz-t locus.The findings of this study suggest that M.oryzae could benefit in an evolutionary sense from the presence of active TEs in genes conferring avirulence and provide an ability to rapidly change and thus to overcome host R genes.

New Explorations on Cannon's Contributions and Generalized Solutions for Uniform Linear Motion Blur Identification

Existing frequency-domain-oriented methods of parameter identification for uniform linear motion blur （ULMB） images usually dealt with special scenarios. For example, blur-kernel directions were horizontal or vertical, or degraded images were of foursquare dimension. This excludes those identification methods from being applied to real images, especially to estimate undersized or oversized blur kernels. Pointing against the limitations of blur-kernel identifications, discrete Fourier transform （DFT）-based blur-kernel estimation methods are proposed in this paper. We analyze in depth the Fourier frequency response of generalized ULMB kernels, demonstrate in detail its related phase form and properties thereof, and put forward the concept of quasi-cepstrum. On this basis, methods of estimating ULMB-kernel parameters using amplitude spectrum and quasi-cepstrum are presented, respectively. The quasi-cepstrum-oriented approach increases the identifiable blur-kernel length, up to a maximum of half the diagonal length of the image. Meanwhile, directing toward the image of undersized ULMB, an improved method based on quasi-cepstrum is presented, which ameliorates the identification quality of undersized ULMB kernels. The quasi-cepstrum-oriented approach popularizes and applies the simulation-experiment- focused DFT theory to the estimation of real ULMB images. Compared against the amplitude-spectrum-oriented method, the quasi-cepstrum-oriented approach is more convenient and robust, with lower identification errors and of better noiseimmunity.

H-NS family protein MvaU downregulates phenazine-1-carboxylic acid(PCA)biosynthesis via binding to an AT-rich region within the promoter of the phz2 gene cluster in the rhizobacterium Pseudomonas strain PA1201

Histone-like nucleoid-structuring(H-NS)proteins are key regulators in gene expression silencing and in nucleoid compaction.The H-NS family member proteins MvaU in Pseudomonas aeruginosa are thought to bind the same AT-rich regions of chromosomes and function to coordinate the control of a common set of genes.Here,we explored the molecular mechanism by which MvaU controls PCA biosynthesis in P.aeruginosa PA1201.We present evidence suggesting that MvaU is self-regulated.Deletion of mvaU significantly increased PCA production,and PCA production sharply decreased when mvaU was over-expressed.MvaU transcriptionally repressed phz2 cluster expression and consequently reduced PCA biosynthesis.β-galactosidase assays confirmed that base pairing near the35 box is required when MvaU regulates PCA production in PA1201.Electrophoretic mobility shift assays(EMSA)and additional point mutation analysis demonstrated that MvaU directly bound to an AT-rich motif within the promoter of the phz2 cluster.Chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)analysis also indicated that MvaU directly bound to the P5 region of the phz2 cluster promoter.MvaU repression of PCA biosynthesis was independent of QscR and OxyR in PA1201 and neither PCA or H2O2 were the environmental signals that induced mvaU expression.These findings detail a new MvaU-dependent regulatory pathway of PCA biosynthesis in PA1201 and provide a foundation to increase PCA fermentation titer by genetic engineering.

Ionizable liposomal siRNA therapeutics enables potent and persistent treatment of Hepatitis B

Small interfering RNA(siRNA)constitutes a promising therapeutic modality supporting the potential functional cure of hepatitis B.A novel ionizable lipidoid nanoparticle(RBP131)and a state-of-the-art lyophilization technology were developed in this study,enabling to deliver siRNA targeting apolipoprotein B(APOB)into the hepatocytes with an ED_(50)of 0.05 mg/kg after intravenous injection.In addition,according to the requirements of Investigational New Drug(IND)application,a potent siRNA targeting hepatitis B virus(HBV)was selected and encapsulated with RBP131 to fabricate a therapeutic formulation termed RB-HBV008.

SRP54 Negatively Regulates IFN-Beta Production and Antiviral Response by Targeting RIG-I and MDA5

During virus infection,RIG-I-like receptors(RLRs)recognize viral RNAs and recruit the adaptor protein VISA to activate downstream signaling,leading to activation of transcription factors NF-κB and IRF3,which collaborate to induce type I interferons(IFNs).IFNs further induce expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes(ISGs)that suppress viral replication and facilitate the adaptive immune response.Dysregulated production of IFNs is implicated in various immune diseases.Here we identified Signal Recognition Particle 54(SRP54)as a negative regulator of RLRs-induced antiviral signaling.Overexpression of SRP54 inhibited RNA virus-triggered induction of IFN-b and increased viral replication,whereas knockdown of SRP54 had opposite effects.Mechanistically,SRP54 interacted with both RIG-I and MDA5 and impaired their association with VISA.Our findings demonstrate that SRP54 acts as a negative regulator of RLRs-mediated innate immune response by disrupting the recruitment of VISA to RIG-I/MDA5.

Metabolic enzyme gene polymorphisms predict the effects of antioxidant treatment on idiopathic male infertility

To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes such as CYP1A1,CYP2D6,GSTM1,GSTT1,and GSTP1 and idiopathic male infertility.By observing the efficacy of antioxidants in the treatment of idiopathic male infertility,the effect of metabolic enzyme gene polymorphisms on antioxidant therapy in patients with idiopathic male infertility was prospectively studied.This case-control study included 310 men with idiopathic infertility and 170 healthy controls.The cytochrome P4501A1(CYP1A1),cytochrome P4502D6(CYP2D6),glutathione S-transferase M1(GSTM1),glutathione S-transferase T1(GSTT1),and glutathione S-transferase P1(GSTP1)genotypes in peripheral blood samples were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).The idiopathic male infertility group was treated with vitamin C,vitamin E,and coenzyme Q10 for 3 months and followed up for 6 months.GSTM1(-),GSTT1(-),and GSTM1/T1(-/-)in the idiopathic male infertility groups were more common than those in the control group.The sperm concentration,motility,viability,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),and seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)level in patients with GSTM1(-),GSTT1(-),and GSTM1/T1(-/-)were lower than those in wild-type carriers,and the sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI),8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine(8-OH-dG),and malondialdehyde(MDA)and nitric oxide(NO)levels were higher.Therefore,oxidative damage may play an important role in the occurrence and development of idiopathic male infertility,but antioxidant therapy is not effective in male infertility patients with GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene deletions.

Morphological and Dimensional Control via Assembly of Polyaniline Crystals

A facile and general route to a new generation of polyaniline （PANI）-citric acid （CA） crystals such as 2D nanoplates, 2D nanosheets and 3D microrods self-assembled by the n-n stacking interaction is reported. Dramatic, 3D rectangular shaped microrods and 2D nanosheets are single crystals indicated by SAED patterns and HRTEM images. Moreover, the method does not depend on any specific equipment or heating, cooling and complex procedures. The novel polyaniline crystals will be useful for next generation organic electronics such as nano-transistors.

Autoubiquitination of TRIM26 links TBK1 to NEMO in RLR-mediated innate antiviral immune response

The transcription factors IRF3 and NF-kB are required for the expression of many genes involved in antiviral innate immune response,including type I interferons(IFNs)and proinflammatory cytokines.It is well established thatTBK1 isan essential kinase engageddownstream of multiple pattern-recognition receptors(PRRs)to mediate IRF3 phosphorylation and activation,whereas the precise mechanisms of TBK1 activation have not been fully elucidated yet.Here,weidentified tripartite motif 26(TRIM26)as an important regulator for RNAvirus-triggered innate immune response.Knockdown of TRIM26 impaired virus-triggered IRF3,NF-kB activation,IFN-b induction,and cellular antiviral response.TRIM26 was physically associated with TBK1 independent of viral infection.As an E3 ligase,TRIM26 underwent autoubiquitination upon viral infection.Ubiquitinated TRIM26 subsequently associated with NEMO,thus bridging TBK1–NEMOinteraction,which is critical for the recruitment of TBK1 to the VISA signalsome and activation of TBK1.Our findings suggest that TRIM26 is an important regulator of innate immune responses against RNA viruses,which functions by bridging TBK1 to NEMO and mediating the activation of TBK1.

One-pot solvothermal synthesis of ZnTe/RGO nanocomposites and enhanced visible-light photocatalysis

Zinc telluride/reduced graphene oxide （ZnTe/RGO） nanocomposites are synthesized by a one-pot, facile, solvothermal process using hydrazine hydrate as the reducing agent. Hydrazine hydrate not only promoted the formation ofZnTe nanoparticles but also reduced GO to RGO. The formation of ZnTe/RGO is demonstrated by different techniques. In addition, the experimental results suggest a possible formation mechanism of these nanocomposites. Finally, due to the transfer of the photo-generated electrons between ZnTe and RGO resulting in low electrons/holes recombination, the as-prepared nanocomposites of ZnTe/RGO exhibited strongly enhanced photocatalytic activity for the bleaching of methyl blue （MB） dye under visible light irradiation.