Defining minimal invasive surgical therapy for benign prostatic obstruction surgery: Perspectives from a global knowledge, attitude, and practice survey

Objective:To scrutinize the definitions of minimal invasive surgical therapy(MIST)and to investigate urologists’knowledge,attitudes,and practices for benign prostatic obstruction surgeries.Methods:A 36-item survey was developed with a Delphi method.Questions on definitions of MIST and attitudes and practices of benign prostatic obstruction surgeries were included.Urologists were invited globally to complete the online survey.Consensus was achieved when more than or equal to 70%responses were“agree or strongly agree”and less than or equal to 15%responses were“disagree or strongly disagree”(consensus agree),or when more than or equal to 70%responses were“disagree or strongly disagree”and less than or equal to 15%responses were“agree or strongly agree”(consensus disagree).Results:The top three qualities for defining MIST were minimal blood loss(n=466,80.3%),fast post-operative recovery(n=431,74.3%),and short hospital stay(n=425,73.3%).The top three surgeries that were regarded as MIST were Urolift®(n=361,62.2%),Rezum®(n=351,60.5%),and endoscopic enucleation of the prostate(EEP)(n=332,57.2%).Consensus in the knowledge section was achieved for the superiority of Urolift®,Rezum®,and iTIND®over transurethral resection of the prostate with regard to blood loss,recovery,day surgery feasibility,and post-operative continence.Consensus in the attitudes section was achieved for the superiority of Urolift®,Rezum®,and iTIND®over transurethral resection of the prostate with regard to blood loss,recovery,and day surgery feasibility.Consensus on both sections was achieved for EEP as the option with the better symptoms and flow improvement,lower retreatment rate,and better suitable for prostate more than 80 mL.Conclusion:Minimal blood loss,fast post-operative recovery,and short hospital stay were the most important qualities for defining MIST.Urolift®,Rezum®,and EEP were regarded as MIST by most urologists.

Engineering the epitaxial interface of Pt-CeO2 by surface redox reaction guided nucleation for low temperature CO oxidation

The interface between metal nanoparticles(NPs)and support plays a vital role in catalysis because both electron and atom exchanges occur across the metal-support interface.However,the rational design of interfacial structure facilitating the charge transfer between the neighboring parts remains a challenge.Herein,a guided nucleation strategy based on redox reaction between noble metal precursor and supportsurface is introduced to construct epitaxial interfaces between Pt NPs and CeO2 support.The Pt/CeO2 catalyst exhibits near room temperature catalytic activity for CO oxidation that is benefited from the well-defined interface structure facilitating charge transfer from CeO2 support to Pt NPs.Meanwhile,this general approach based on support-surface-induced-nucleation was successfully extended to synthesize Pd and Cu nanocatalysts on CeO2,demonstrating its universal and feasible characteristics.This work is an important step towards developing highly active supported metal catalysts by engineering their interfaces.

Simulator of pyroshock environment and effect rules of its adjustable parameters

During the launching of spacecraft,the on-board devices will undergo a series of pyroshock environments.In order to verify the reliability of these devices under these pyroshock environments,all of them are needed to take the shock test before launching.This paper has carried out an in-depth research on the simulation method of the pyroshock based on the true explosive excitation.In this study,a simulator containing multiple adjustment parameters is presented and the safety is considered by the design of the protective cover.And the working process of this setup is simulated with the explicit dynamic codes LS-DYNA.Whafs more,the effects of the adjustment parameters on the three factors of shock Response Spectrum(SRS)of the resonant board are explored carefully.The rules achieved in this paper are verified by a typical example.The results indicate that the improved simulator can avoid the danger of explosive and make full use of the advantage of actual explosive excitation.And the test condition can be quickly realized at the simulator according to the effect rules of the three adjustable parameters.