Adhesives have attracted a great deal of attention as an advanced modality in biomedical engineering because of their unique wound management behavior.However,it is a grand challenge for current adhesive systems to ac...Adhesives have attracted a great deal of attention as an advanced modality in biomedical engineering because of their unique wound management behavior.However,it is a grand challenge for current adhesive systems to achieve robust adhesion due to their tenuous interfacial bonding strength.Moreover,the absence of dynamic adaptability in conventional chemical adhesives restricts neoblasts around the wound from migrating to the site,resulting in an inferior tissue-regeneration effect.Herein,an extracellular matrix-derived biocomposite adhesive with robust adhesion and a real-time skin healing effect is well-engineered.Liquid–liquid phase separation is well-harnessed to drive the assembly of the biocomposite adhesive,with the active involvement of supramolecular interactions between chimeric protein and natural DNA,leading to a robustly reinforced adhesion performance.The bioadhesive exhibits outstanding adhesion and sealing behaviors,with a sheared adhesion strength of approximately 18 MPa,outperforming its reported counterparts.Moreover,the engineered bioderived components endow this adhesive material with biocompatibility and exceptional biological functions including the promotion of cell proliferation and migration,such that the use of this material eventually yields real-time in situ skin regeneration.This work opens up novel avenues for functionalized bioadhesive engineering and biomedical translations.展开更多
Degradable industrial packaging foam trays made from cellulose fibers were fabricated using a hot-press baking process.Bleached softwood pulp fibers with a concentration of 30%were dispersed at a high speed under the ...Degradable industrial packaging foam trays made from cellulose fibers were fabricated using a hot-press baking process.Bleached softwood pulp fibers with a concentration of 30%were dispersed at a high speed under the action of a dispersant.The effects of the dispersant dosage of the fibers on the porosity,foam density,and static compression characteristics were discussed.Furthermore,the effects of the reinforcing adhesive including polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),and cassava starch on the physical and mechanical properties of the foam trays were studied,as well as the relationship between these properties and the microstructure of the foam trays.The dispersant enhanced the rheological and blistering properties of the fiber dispersion.As the dispersant dosage increased from 2%to 4%,the foam density gradually increased and the compressive strain performance and residual compressive strain of the foam trays decreased.Under the condition of constant dosage of dispersant,increasing the fiber proportion from 67%to 77%improved the porosity and foam density and slightly reduced the static compression performance.In additioton,the static compression resistance of the foamed materials was improved by increasing the PVA dosage since PVA was beneficial for improving the strength of the foam trays.展开更多
The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou(SYG)metallogenic province of southwest China is one of the most important Zn-Pb ore zones in China,with^200 Mt ZnPb ores at mean grades of 10 wt.%Zn and 5 wt.%Pb.The source and mechanism of ...The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou(SYG)metallogenic province of southwest China is one of the most important Zn-Pb ore zones in China,with^200 Mt ZnPb ores at mean grades of 10 wt.%Zn and 5 wt.%Pb.The source and mechanism of the regional Zn-Pb mineralization remain controversial despite many investigations that have been conducted.The Wusihe Zn-Pb deposit is a representative large-scale Zn-Pb deposit in the northern SYG,which mainly occurs in the Dengying Formation and yields Zn-Pb resources of^3.7 Mt.In this paper,Zn and S isotopes,and Fe and Cd contents of sphalerite from the Wusihe deposit were investigated in an attempt to constrain the controls on Zn and S isotopic variations,the potential sources of ore-forming components,and the possible mineralization mechanisms.Both theδ66Zn andδ34S values in sphalerite from the Wusihe deposit increase systematically from the bottom to the top of the strata-bound orebodies.Such spatial evolution inδ66Zn andδ34S values of sphalerite can be attributed to isotopic Rayleigh fractionation during sphalerite precipitation with temperature variations.The strong correlations between the Zn-S isotopic compositions and Fe-Cd concentrations in sphalerite suggest that their variations were dominated by a similar mechanism.However,the Rayleigh fractionation mechanism cannot explain the spatial variations of Fe and Cd concentrations of sphalerite in this deposit.It is noted that the bottom and top sphalerites from the strata-bound orebodies document contrasting Zn and S isotopic compositions which correspond to the Zn and S isotopic characteristics of basement rocks and host rocks,respectively.Therefore,the mixing of two-source fluids with distinct Zn-S isotopic signatures was responsible for the spatial variations of Zn-S isotopic compositions of sphalerite from the Wusihe deposit.The fluids from basement rocks are characterized by relatively lighter Zn(~0.2‰)and S(~5‰)isotopic compositions while the fluids from host rocks are marked by relatively heavier Zn(~0.6‰)and S(~15‰)isotopic compositions.展开更多
In spite of the tumor microenvironments responsive cancer therapy based on Fenton reaction(i.e.,chemodynamic therapy,CDT)has been attracted more attentions in recent years,the limited Fenton reaction efficiency is the...In spite of the tumor microenvironments responsive cancer therapy based on Fenton reaction(i.e.,chemodynamic therapy,CDT)has been attracted more attentions in recent years,the limited Fenton reaction efficiency is the important obstacle to further application in clinic.Herein,we synthesized novel FeO/MoS2 nanocomposites modified by bovine serum albumin(FeO/MoS2-BSA)with boosted Fenton reaction efficiency by the synergistic effect of co-catalyze and photothermal effect of MoS2 nanosheets triggered by the second near-infrared(NIR II)light.In the tumor microenvironments,the MoS2 nanosheets not only can accelerate the conversion of Fe3+ions to Fe2+ions by Mo4+ions on their surface to improve Fenton reaction efficiency,but also endow FeO/MoS2-BSA with good photothermal performances for photothermal-enhanced CDT and photothermal therapy(PTT).Consequently,benefiting from the synergetic-enhanced CDT/PTT,the tumors are eradicated completely in vivo.This work provides innovative synergistic strategy for constructing nanocomposites for highly efficient CDT.展开更多
An organic macromolecule, poly(1-vinylimidazole), with an appropriate polymerization degree was proposed and mixed with water to form a novel aqueous absorbent for SO_2 capture. This aqueous solution absorbent has the...An organic macromolecule, poly(1-vinylimidazole), with an appropriate polymerization degree was proposed and mixed with water to form a novel aqueous absorbent for SO_2 capture. This aqueous solution absorbent has the advantages of simple preparation, good physicochemical properties, environment-friendliness, high ability in deep removal of SO_2, and excellent reusability. Moreover, pH-responsive behavior, pH buffering absorption mechanism, and their synergistic effect on absorption performance were revealed. The solubilities of SO_2 in the absorbent were measured in detail, and the results demonstrated excellent absorption capacity and recyclability. Then, mathematic models that describe SO_2 absorption equilibrium were established, and the corresponding parameters were estimated. More importantly, on the basis of model and experimental data, the absorption and desorption could maintain high efficiency within a wide operating region. In summary, this work provided a low-cost, efficient, and unique absorbent for SO_2 capture and verified its technical feasibility in industrial application.展开更多
Rare-earth doped luminescent nanomaterials are attractive and have many potential applications in health,energy,information and safety area[1].Similar to most chemical processes,the process to synthesize luminescent n...Rare-earth doped luminescent nanomaterials are attractive and have many potential applications in health,energy,information and safety area[1].Similar to most chemical processes,the process to synthesize luminescent nanomaterials is complicated and it needs a combination of a series of unit operations including mixing of the reactants.展开更多
Rare-earth sulfides are of research interest for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their abundant lithium intercalation sites and low redox voltage.However,their electrochemical performances are not satisfactory becau...Rare-earth sulfides are of research interest for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their abundant lithium intercalation sites and low redox voltage.However,their electrochemical performances are not satisfactory because of poor conductivity and volume change upon electrochemical cycling.Herein,nanoarchitectures ofγ-Ce_(2)S_(3)encapsulated in a hollow mesoporous carbon nanosphere(Ce_(2)S_(3)@HMCS)are fabricated using the self-template strategy combined with the in-sphere sulfuration method and tested as an LIB anode.The void space between the Ce_(2)S_(3)core and the outer layer of the carbon nanosphere has been properly designed and modulated to achieve excellent electrochemical performance in terms of electronic conductivity,reversibility,and rate capability.The reversible capacity of Ce_(2)S_(3)@HMCS is 2.6 times that of the pure Ce_(2)S_(3)anode,which can gradually increase and maintain a capacity of 282 mAh·g^(−1)at a current density of 1 A·g^(-1),and a high Coulombic efficiency(~100%)can be achieved even after 1000 cycles.This good performance is attributed to the unique yolk-shell nanostructure with a highly crystallized and stable Ce3S2 core and volume expansion buffer space upon lithiation/delithiation.Ex situ X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance results indicate that the lithiation of Ce_(2)S_(3)@HMCS is an intercalation process.This study represents an important advancement in precise structural design with in-sphere sulfuration and sheds light on a potential direction for highperformance lithium storage.展开更多
High temperature Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage(SMES) systems can exchange energy with substantial renewable power grids in a small period of time with very high efficiency. Because of this distinctive featur...High temperature Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage(SMES) systems can exchange energy with substantial renewable power grids in a small period of time with very high efficiency. Because of this distinctive feature, they store the abundant wind power when the power network is congested and release the energy back to the system when there is no congestion. However, considering the cost and lifespan of SMES systems, there is an urgent demand to conduct a cost-benefit analysis to justify its role in smart grid development. This study explores the application and performs economic analysis of a 5 MJ SMES in a practical renewable power system in China based on the PSCAD/EMTDC software. An optimal location of SMES in Zhangbei wind farm is presented using real power transmission parameters. The stabilities of the renewable power grid with and without SMES are discussed. In addition, a financial feasibility study is conducted by comparing the cost and the savings from wind power curtailment of deploying SMES and battery. The economic analysis tries to find the balance between SMES investment cost and wind farm operation cost by using real data over a calendar year. The technical analysis can help guide the optimal allocation of SMES for compensating power system instability with substantial wind power. Further, the economic analysis provides a useful indication of its practical application feasibility to fight the balance between cost and benefit.展开更多
In order to reduce the risks for the spread of disease in cattle movements, we investigated China’s cattle breeding and movement pattern, analyzed risk factors of disease infection caused by long-distance movement, e...In order to reduce the risks for the spread of disease in cattle movements, we investigated China’s cattle breeding and movement pattern, analyzed risk factors of disease infection caused by long-distance movement, explored the relevant risk management measures and conjectured the direction of cattle movement based on the regional distribution of cattle inventory and beef price. We also constructed a market value chain in live cattle movements and qualitatively analyzed the risks for unapparent infection in the process of movement. Meanwhile, we put forward a long-term policy of reducing the risks for unapparent infection and animal health supervision measures.展开更多
For a 120 kW hydrogen fuel cell system,a centrifugal air compressor with fixed power of 22 kW fuel cell is designed.Firstly,the theoretical calculation is carried out for the aerodynamic characteristics of a ultra-hig...For a 120 kW hydrogen fuel cell system,a centrifugal air compressor with fixed power of 22 kW fuel cell is designed.Firstly,the theoretical calculation is carried out for the aerodynamic characteristics of a ultra-high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor,an air compressor,and an aerodynamic foil bearing.Then,a prototype is trial-produced and a related test bench is built for test verification.Finally,both the simulation and test results indicate that the designed centrifugal air compressor meets the overall requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell system,and the relevant conclusions provide both theoretical and experimental references for the subsequent series development and design of the centrifugal air compressor.展开更多
With the development of superconducting technology, the electrical performance of insulating materials is drawing increasing concern. This paper is devoted to investigating resin materials and aims to test the resin r...With the development of superconducting technology, the electrical performance of insulating materials is drawing increasing concern. This paper is devoted to investigating resin materials and aims to test the resin requirements of impregnating procedures and design curing molds. First, the samples are prepared, and then the power-frequency breakdown, lighting surges, relative dielectric constant, and loss angle tangent of the impregnation resin are measured at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature. We also present the testing reference for cryogenic and high-voltage insulating materials of superconducting power devices.展开更多
Objective:To study the clinical effect of breast conserving combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy and modified radical mastectomy in patients with early breast cancer.Methods:Female patients with early breast cance...Objective:To study the clinical effect of breast conserving combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy and modified radical mastectomy in patients with early breast cancer.Methods:Female patients with early breast cancer in clinical stage I and II were selected as the main objects of this study,the study period started from July 2017 to July 2020.In the breast conserving and sentinel lymph node biopsy patients,50 cases were randomly selected as the experimental group;50 cases in the modified radical mastectomy patients were randomly selected as the control group.The clinical intervention effect of the two groups was analyzed.Results:the perioperative indexes of the experimental group were shorter than those of the control group,the patients recovered faster,the incidence of complications in the experimental group was lower,and the quality of life scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant,the intervention effect of the experimental group was also better.Conclusion:The application of breast conserving and sentinel lymph node biopsy in the treatment of early breast cancer can promote the recovery of patients,shorten the operation time and reduce the rate of complications,which has significant clinical significance.展开更多
Spider silks are well known for their exceptional mechanical properties that are tougher than Kevlar and steel.However,the restricted production amounts from their native sources limit applications of spider silks.Ove...Spider silks are well known for their exceptional mechanical properties that are tougher than Kevlar and steel.However,the restricted production amounts from their native sources limit applications of spider silks.Over the decades,there have been significant interests in fabricating man-made silk fibers with comparable performance to natural silks,inspiring many efforts both for biosynthesizing recombinant spider silk proteins(spidroins)in amenable heterologous hosts and biomimetic spinning of artificial spider silks.These strategies provide promising routes to produce high-performance and functionally optimized fibers with diverse applications.Herein,we summarize the hosts that have been applied to produce recombinant spidroins.In addition,the fabrication and mechanical properties of recombinant spidroin fibers and their composite fibers are also introduced.Furthermore,we demonstrate the applications of recombinant spidroin-based fibers.Finally,facing the challenges in biosynthesis,scalable production,and hierarchical assembly of high-performance recombinant spidroins,we give a summary and perspective on future development.展开更多
Zeolite-based catalyst hydrocracking of plastics is a potential strategy for mitigating the environmental impacts of plastic wastes and recycling valuable resources,but difficult mass transfer,low concentration of aci...Zeolite-based catalyst hydrocracking of plastics is a potential strategy for mitigating the environmental impacts of plastic wastes and recycling valuable resources,but difficult mass transfer,low concentration of acid sites,and high cost are still barriers to their practical applications.In this paper,we report an excellent hydrocracking catalyst of ZSM-5 nanosheets(Ce/b-ZSM-5)modified by Ce species with high conversion up to 96.3%,C_(3)−C_(5)selectivity up to 80.9%,and good stability during the hydrogenation of low-density polyethylene.Through comprehensive studies,b-ZSM-5 shows higher molecular diffusion efficiency and acid site concentrations compared with normal ZSM-5(n-ZSM-5)and hollow ZSM-5(h-ZSM-5).The introduction of Ce species into b-ZSM-5 further increases the density of Brønsted(B)and Lewis(L)acid sites as active sites,which enhances the adsorption of substrates and facilitates the formation of intermediates and desorption of products.As a result,the hydrocracking activity of Ce/b-ZSM-5 is significantly improved.展开更多
Bare Pd metal nanoparticles invariably suffer from poor selectivity in furfural hydrogenation by forming flat configurations,with the aromatic ring of the substrate molecules parallel to the metal surface.Herein,we pu...Bare Pd metal nanoparticles invariably suffer from poor selectivity in furfural hydrogenation by forming flat configurations,with the aromatic ring of the substrate molecules parallel to the metal surface.Herein,we put forward a promising solution by using CeO_(2)as promoters to modify Pd nanoparticles for modulating the adsorption behaviors of furfural molecules.To achieve the highly-desired ultra-small Pd@CeO_(2)core@shell nanostructure,a“constrained auto-redox”synthesis is developed,in which silicalite-1 supports play the key role of providing their surface as the landing place of PdO_(x)precursors for inhibiting the overgrowth and the deformation.To the best of our knowledge,this is one of the smallest core@shell materials obtained from aqueous synthesis.When evaluated as catalysts,Pd@CeO_(2)/S-1 gives 98.9%conversion of furfural with 94.3%selectivity for furfural alcohol in 15 h,which is much better than that of Pd/S-1(88.6%conversion with 44.3%selectively).The DFT simulation reveals a strong interaction between the defects of CeO_(2)and the oxygen atom of the–CHO group in furfural molecules,which benefits the selective hydrogenation occurred in the–CHO group rather than the furan ring.展开更多
Biofoam products have attracted considerable attention lately because there is a growing demand for green/sustainable products.To this end,various biobased foams have either been developed or are currently in developm...Biofoam products have attracted considerable attention lately because there is a growing demand for green/sustainable products.To this end,various biobased foams have either been developed or are currently in development,e.g.,bio-based polyurethanes(PUs),polylactic acid(PLA),starch,and polyhydroxyalkanotates(PHAs).Indeed,significant progress has been made;however,chal-lenges still persist,for example,biobased foam products have poor processability,inferior com-patibility,thermal and strength properties.In this review,we focus on five biofoam products:namely bio-based PUs,PLA,starch,PHAs,and cellulose biofoam products,along with their prop-erties and performance,as well as their manufacturing processes.Further efforts are still needed to unlock the full potential of these bio-based products and meet the goal of complementing and gradually replacing some of their fossil-based counterparts.Finally,the challenges,as well as arising opportunities of future research directions are discussed.展开更多
The large size of lasers limits their applications in confined spaces,such as in biosensing and in vivo brain tissue imaging.In this regard,micron-sized lasers have been developed.They exhibit great potential for biol...The large size of lasers limits their applications in confined spaces,such as in biosensing and in vivo brain tissue imaging.In this regard,micron-sized lasers have been developed.They exhibit great potential for biological detecting,remote sensing,and depth tracking due to their small sizes,sensitive properties of their spectral fingerprints,and flexible positional modulation in the microenvironment.Lanthanide-based luminescent materials that possess long excited-state lifetime,narrow emission bandwidth,and upconversion behaviors are promising as gain mediums for novel microlasers.In addition,lanthanide-based microlasers could be generated under natural ambient conditions with pumped or continuous light sources,which significantly promotes the practical applications of microlasers.Recent progress in the design,synthesis,and biomedical applications of lanthanide-based microlasers has been outlined in this review.Lanthanide ions doped and upconverted lanthanide-based microlasers are highlighted,which exhibit advantageous structures,miniaturized dimensions,and high lasing performance.The applications of lanthanide-based microlasers are further discussed,the upconverted microlasers show great advantages for biological applications owing to their tunable excitation and emission characteristics and excellent environmental stability.Moreover,perspectives and challenges in the field of lanthanide-based microlasers are presented.展开更多
Broadband near-infrared(NIR) light sources demonstrate great potential in quantitative food analysis, material identification,invasive brain imaging diagnosis, and real-time health monitoring fields, etc. [1–3]. Comp...Broadband near-infrared(NIR) light sources demonstrate great potential in quantitative food analysis, material identification,invasive brain imaging diagnosis, and real-time health monitoring fields, etc. [1–3]. Compared with competing technologies based on quantum dots and organic crystals, NIR-emitting phosphor converted light-emitting diodes(pc-LEDs) favor high spectral modulation and physicochemical stability [4].展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA0913200 and 2021YFB3502300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22020102003,22125701,22277064,82272161,52222214,and 22107097)+3 种基金Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(221100007422088)Beijing Nova Program(Z211100002121132)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(2222010)Xiangfu Lab Research Project(XF012022C0200)。
文摘Adhesives have attracted a great deal of attention as an advanced modality in biomedical engineering because of their unique wound management behavior.However,it is a grand challenge for current adhesive systems to achieve robust adhesion due to their tenuous interfacial bonding strength.Moreover,the absence of dynamic adaptability in conventional chemical adhesives restricts neoblasts around the wound from migrating to the site,resulting in an inferior tissue-regeneration effect.Herein,an extracellular matrix-derived biocomposite adhesive with robust adhesion and a real-time skin healing effect is well-engineered.Liquid–liquid phase separation is well-harnessed to drive the assembly of the biocomposite adhesive,with the active involvement of supramolecular interactions between chimeric protein and natural DNA,leading to a robustly reinforced adhesion performance.The bioadhesive exhibits outstanding adhesion and sealing behaviors,with a sheared adhesion strength of approximately 18 MPa,outperforming its reported counterparts.Moreover,the engineered bioderived components endow this adhesive material with biocompatibility and exceptional biological functions including the promotion of cell proliferation and migration,such that the use of this material eventually yields real-time in situ skin regeneration.This work opens up novel avenues for functionalized bioadhesive engineering and biomedical translations.
文摘Degradable industrial packaging foam trays made from cellulose fibers were fabricated using a hot-press baking process.Bleached softwood pulp fibers with a concentration of 30%were dispersed at a high speed under the action of a dispersant.The effects of the dispersant dosage of the fibers on the porosity,foam density,and static compression characteristics were discussed.Furthermore,the effects of the reinforcing adhesive including polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),and cassava starch on the physical and mechanical properties of the foam trays were studied,as well as the relationship between these properties and the microstructure of the foam trays.The dispersant enhanced the rheological and blistering properties of the fiber dispersion.As the dispersant dosage increased from 2%to 4%,the foam density gradually increased and the compressive strain performance and residual compressive strain of the foam trays decreased.Under the condition of constant dosage of dispersant,increasing the fiber proportion from 67%to 77%improved the porosity and foam density and slightly reduced the static compression performance.In additioton,the static compression resistance of the foamed materials was improved by increasing the PVA dosage since PVA was beneficial for improving the strength of the foam trays.
基金Acknowledgments We thank Drs Fengyong Liu and Sheng Luan at UC Berkeley, USA, for their discussion and help with the writing of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 30225037, 30471991, 30570731), National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (no. 2006CB503909, 2004CB518603), the "111" Project, and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (no. BK2004082, BK2006714).
基金funded by the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB18030302)the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0602503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1812402, 41430315, 41573011, 41625006)
文摘The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou(SYG)metallogenic province of southwest China is one of the most important Zn-Pb ore zones in China,with^200 Mt ZnPb ores at mean grades of 10 wt.%Zn and 5 wt.%Pb.The source and mechanism of the regional Zn-Pb mineralization remain controversial despite many investigations that have been conducted.The Wusihe Zn-Pb deposit is a representative large-scale Zn-Pb deposit in the northern SYG,which mainly occurs in the Dengying Formation and yields Zn-Pb resources of^3.7 Mt.In this paper,Zn and S isotopes,and Fe and Cd contents of sphalerite from the Wusihe deposit were investigated in an attempt to constrain the controls on Zn and S isotopic variations,the potential sources of ore-forming components,and the possible mineralization mechanisms.Both theδ66Zn andδ34S values in sphalerite from the Wusihe deposit increase systematically from the bottom to the top of the strata-bound orebodies.Such spatial evolution inδ66Zn andδ34S values of sphalerite can be attributed to isotopic Rayleigh fractionation during sphalerite precipitation with temperature variations.The strong correlations between the Zn-S isotopic compositions and Fe-Cd concentrations in sphalerite suggest that their variations were dominated by a similar mechanism.However,the Rayleigh fractionation mechanism cannot explain the spatial variations of Fe and Cd concentrations of sphalerite in this deposit.It is noted that the bottom and top sphalerites from the strata-bound orebodies document contrasting Zn and S isotopic compositions which correspond to the Zn and S isotopic characteristics of basement rocks and host rocks,respectively.Therefore,the mixing of two-source fluids with distinct Zn-S isotopic signatures was responsible for the spatial variations of Zn-S isotopic compositions of sphalerite from the Wusihe deposit.The fluids from basement rocks are characterized by relatively lighter Zn(~0.2‰)and S(~5‰)isotopic compositions while the fluids from host rocks are marked by relatively heavier Zn(~0.6‰)and S(~15‰)isotopic compositions.
基金This work was supported by the financial aid from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51502284,21834007,21521092,21590794,and 21673220)the Program of Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province of China(No.20170101186JC)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB20030300)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019232).
文摘In spite of the tumor microenvironments responsive cancer therapy based on Fenton reaction(i.e.,chemodynamic therapy,CDT)has been attracted more attentions in recent years,the limited Fenton reaction efficiency is the important obstacle to further application in clinic.Herein,we synthesized novel FeO/MoS2 nanocomposites modified by bovine serum albumin(FeO/MoS2-BSA)with boosted Fenton reaction efficiency by the synergistic effect of co-catalyze and photothermal effect of MoS2 nanosheets triggered by the second near-infrared(NIR II)light.In the tumor microenvironments,the MoS2 nanosheets not only can accelerate the conversion of Fe3+ions to Fe2+ions by Mo4+ions on their surface to improve Fenton reaction efficiency,but also endow FeO/MoS2-BSA with good photothermal performances for photothermal-enhanced CDT and photothermal therapy(PTT).Consequently,benefiting from the synergetic-enhanced CDT/PTT,the tumors are eradicated completely in vivo.This work provides innovative synergistic strategy for constructing nanocomposites for highly efficient CDT.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2016YFC0400406)
文摘An organic macromolecule, poly(1-vinylimidazole), with an appropriate polymerization degree was proposed and mixed with water to form a novel aqueous absorbent for SO_2 capture. This aqueous solution absorbent has the advantages of simple preparation, good physicochemical properties, environment-friendliness, high ability in deep removal of SO_2, and excellent reusability. Moreover, pH-responsive behavior, pH buffering absorption mechanism, and their synergistic effect on absorption performance were revealed. The solubilities of SO_2 in the absorbent were measured in detail, and the results demonstrated excellent absorption capacity and recyclability. Then, mathematic models that describe SO_2 absorption equilibrium were established, and the corresponding parameters were estimated. More importantly, on the basis of model and experimental data, the absorption and desorption could maintain high efficiency within a wide operating region. In summary, this work provided a low-cost, efficient, and unique absorbent for SO_2 capture and verified its technical feasibility in industrial application.
文摘Rare-earth doped luminescent nanomaterials are attractive and have many potential applications in health,energy,information and safety area[1].Similar to most chemical processes,the process to synthesize luminescent nanomaterials is complicated and it needs a combination of a series of unit operations including mixing of the reactants.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21974007,U1930401 and U1530402。
文摘Rare-earth sulfides are of research interest for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their abundant lithium intercalation sites and low redox voltage.However,their electrochemical performances are not satisfactory because of poor conductivity and volume change upon electrochemical cycling.Herein,nanoarchitectures ofγ-Ce_(2)S_(3)encapsulated in a hollow mesoporous carbon nanosphere(Ce_(2)S_(3)@HMCS)are fabricated using the self-template strategy combined with the in-sphere sulfuration method and tested as an LIB anode.The void space between the Ce_(2)S_(3)core and the outer layer of the carbon nanosphere has been properly designed and modulated to achieve excellent electrochemical performance in terms of electronic conductivity,reversibility,and rate capability.The reversible capacity of Ce_(2)S_(3)@HMCS is 2.6 times that of the pure Ce_(2)S_(3)anode,which can gradually increase and maintain a capacity of 282 mAh·g^(−1)at a current density of 1 A·g^(-1),and a high Coulombic efficiency(~100%)can be achieved even after 1000 cycles.This good performance is attributed to the unique yolk-shell nanostructure with a highly crystallized and stable Ce3S2 core and volume expansion buffer space upon lithiation/delithiation.Ex situ X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance results indicate that the lithiation of Ce_(2)S_(3)@HMCS is an intercalation process.This study represents an important advancement in precise structural design with in-sphere sulfuration and sheds light on a potential direction for highperformance lithium storage.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Plan,Energy Storage Technology of 10MW Level Redox Battery(2017YFB0903504)China State Grid Corporation science and technology project(DG71-16-002,DG83-17-002)the international cooperation project between China and United Kingdom,RAEng Newton Research Collaboration Programme of UK/1415134
文摘High temperature Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage(SMES) systems can exchange energy with substantial renewable power grids in a small period of time with very high efficiency. Because of this distinctive feature, they store the abundant wind power when the power network is congested and release the energy back to the system when there is no congestion. However, considering the cost and lifespan of SMES systems, there is an urgent demand to conduct a cost-benefit analysis to justify its role in smart grid development. This study explores the application and performs economic analysis of a 5 MJ SMES in a practical renewable power system in China based on the PSCAD/EMTDC software. An optimal location of SMES in Zhangbei wind farm is presented using real power transmission parameters. The stabilities of the renewable power grid with and without SMES are discussed. In addition, a financial feasibility study is conducted by comparing the cost and the savings from wind power curtailment of deploying SMES and battery. The economic analysis tries to find the balance between SMES investment cost and wind farm operation cost by using real data over a calendar year. The technical analysis can help guide the optimal allocation of SMES for compensating power system instability with substantial wind power. Further, the economic analysis provides a useful indication of its practical application feasibility to fight the balance between cost and benefit.
文摘In order to reduce the risks for the spread of disease in cattle movements, we investigated China’s cattle breeding and movement pattern, analyzed risk factors of disease infection caused by long-distance movement, explored the relevant risk management measures and conjectured the direction of cattle movement based on the regional distribution of cattle inventory and beef price. We also constructed a market value chain in live cattle movements and qualitatively analyzed the risks for unapparent infection in the process of movement. Meanwhile, we put forward a long-term policy of reducing the risks for unapparent infection and animal health supervision measures.
基金supported in part by the Key R&D projects in Hebei Province under Grant 20312202D。
文摘For a 120 kW hydrogen fuel cell system,a centrifugal air compressor with fixed power of 22 kW fuel cell is designed.Firstly,the theoretical calculation is carried out for the aerodynamic characteristics of a ultra-high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor,an air compressor,and an aerodynamic foil bearing.Then,a prototype is trial-produced and a related test bench is built for test verification.Finally,both the simulation and test results indicate that the designed centrifugal air compressor meets the overall requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell system,and the relevant conclusions provide both theoretical and experimental references for the subsequent series development and design of the centrifugal air compressor.
基金supported by the State Grid Scientific and Technological Project (Research on New Cryogenic Insulating Material and Superconducting Magnet Application,No.DG71-16-001)
文摘With the development of superconducting technology, the electrical performance of insulating materials is drawing increasing concern. This paper is devoted to investigating resin materials and aims to test the resin requirements of impregnating procedures and design curing molds. First, the samples are prepared, and then the power-frequency breakdown, lighting surges, relative dielectric constant, and loss angle tangent of the impregnation resin are measured at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature. We also present the testing reference for cryogenic and high-voltage insulating materials of superconducting power devices.
文摘Objective:To study the clinical effect of breast conserving combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy and modified radical mastectomy in patients with early breast cancer.Methods:Female patients with early breast cancer in clinical stage I and II were selected as the main objects of this study,the study period started from July 2017 to July 2020.In the breast conserving and sentinel lymph node biopsy patients,50 cases were randomly selected as the experimental group;50 cases in the modified radical mastectomy patients were randomly selected as the control group.The clinical intervention effect of the two groups was analyzed.Results:the perioperative indexes of the experimental group were shorter than those of the control group,the patients recovered faster,the incidence of complications in the experimental group was lower,and the quality of life scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant,the intervention effect of the experimental group was also better.Conclusion:The application of breast conserving and sentinel lymph node biopsy in the treatment of early breast cancer can promote the recovery of patients,shorten the operation time and reduce the rate of complications,which has significant clinical significance.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA0913200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22107097,22020102003,22125701,22175053,and 21771050)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(No.2021226).
文摘Spider silks are well known for their exceptional mechanical properties that are tougher than Kevlar and steel.However,the restricted production amounts from their native sources limit applications of spider silks.Over the decades,there have been significant interests in fabricating man-made silk fibers with comparable performance to natural silks,inspiring many efforts both for biosynthesizing recombinant spider silk proteins(spidroins)in amenable heterologous hosts and biomimetic spinning of artificial spider silks.These strategies provide promising routes to produce high-performance and functionally optimized fibers with diverse applications.Herein,we summarize the hosts that have been applied to produce recombinant spidroins.In addition,the fabrication and mechanical properties of recombinant spidroin fibers and their composite fibers are also introduced.Furthermore,we demonstrate the applications of recombinant spidroin-based fibers.Finally,facing the challenges in biosynthesis,scalable production,and hierarchical assembly of high-performance recombinant spidroins,we give a summary and perspective on future development.
基金the financial aid from the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2020YFE0204500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22020102003,22025506,and 22271274)Program of Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province of China(Nos.20230101035JC and 20230101022JC).
文摘Zeolite-based catalyst hydrocracking of plastics is a potential strategy for mitigating the environmental impacts of plastic wastes and recycling valuable resources,but difficult mass transfer,low concentration of acid sites,and high cost are still barriers to their practical applications.In this paper,we report an excellent hydrocracking catalyst of ZSM-5 nanosheets(Ce/b-ZSM-5)modified by Ce species with high conversion up to 96.3%,C_(3)−C_(5)selectivity up to 80.9%,and good stability during the hydrogenation of low-density polyethylene.Through comprehensive studies,b-ZSM-5 shows higher molecular diffusion efficiency and acid site concentrations compared with normal ZSM-5(n-ZSM-5)and hollow ZSM-5(h-ZSM-5).The introduction of Ce species into b-ZSM-5 further increases the density of Brønsted(B)and Lewis(L)acid sites as active sites,which enhances the adsorption of substrates and facilitates the formation of intermediates and desorption of products.As a result,the hydrocracking activity of Ce/b-ZSM-5 is significantly improved.
基金supported by the financial aid from National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2022YFB3504000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22020102003,22025506 and 22271274)。
文摘Bare Pd metal nanoparticles invariably suffer from poor selectivity in furfural hydrogenation by forming flat configurations,with the aromatic ring of the substrate molecules parallel to the metal surface.Herein,we put forward a promising solution by using CeO_(2)as promoters to modify Pd nanoparticles for modulating the adsorption behaviors of furfural molecules.To achieve the highly-desired ultra-small Pd@CeO_(2)core@shell nanostructure,a“constrained auto-redox”synthesis is developed,in which silicalite-1 supports play the key role of providing their surface as the landing place of PdO_(x)precursors for inhibiting the overgrowth and the deformation.To the best of our knowledge,this is one of the smallest core@shell materials obtained from aqueous synthesis.When evaluated as catalysts,Pd@CeO_(2)/S-1 gives 98.9%conversion of furfural with 94.3%selectivity for furfural alcohol in 15 h,which is much better than that of Pd/S-1(88.6%conversion with 44.3%selectively).The DFT simulation reveals a strong interaction between the defects of CeO_(2)and the oxygen atom of the–CHO group in furfural molecules,which benefits the selective hydrogenation occurred in the–CHO group rather than the furan ring.
基金the financial support from National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2017YFB0307901)the Canada Research Chairs program of the Government of Canada(No.CRC950213262)the Discovery Program of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(No.RGPIN-2022-03210).
文摘Biofoam products have attracted considerable attention lately because there is a growing demand for green/sustainable products.To this end,various biobased foams have either been developed or are currently in development,e.g.,bio-based polyurethanes(PUs),polylactic acid(PLA),starch,and polyhydroxyalkanotates(PHAs).Indeed,significant progress has been made;however,chal-lenges still persist,for example,biobased foam products have poor processability,inferior com-patibility,thermal and strength properties.In this review,we focus on five biofoam products:namely bio-based PUs,PLA,starch,PHAs,and cellulose biofoam products,along with their prop-erties and performance,as well as their manufacturing processes.Further efforts are still needed to unlock the full potential of these bio-based products and meet the goal of complementing and gradually replacing some of their fossil-based counterparts.Finally,the challenges,as well as arising opportunities of future research directions are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22020102003,22207104,and 22125701)the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2022YFF071000 and 2021YFF0701800)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.20230101102JC)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2020M681055 and 2022T150634)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(Nos.2021-2023QNRC and YESS20210067).
文摘The large size of lasers limits their applications in confined spaces,such as in biosensing and in vivo brain tissue imaging.In this regard,micron-sized lasers have been developed.They exhibit great potential for biological detecting,remote sensing,and depth tracking due to their small sizes,sensitive properties of their spectral fingerprints,and flexible positional modulation in the microenvironment.Lanthanide-based luminescent materials that possess long excited-state lifetime,narrow emission bandwidth,and upconversion behaviors are promising as gain mediums for novel microlasers.In addition,lanthanide-based microlasers could be generated under natural ambient conditions with pumped or continuous light sources,which significantly promotes the practical applications of microlasers.Recent progress in the design,synthesis,and biomedical applications of lanthanide-based microlasers has been outlined in this review.Lanthanide ions doped and upconverted lanthanide-based microlasers are highlighted,which exhibit advantageous structures,miniaturized dimensions,and high lasing performance.The applications of lanthanide-based microlasers are further discussed,the upconverted microlasers show great advantages for biological applications owing to their tunable excitation and emission characteristics and excellent environmental stability.Moreover,perspectives and challenges in the field of lanthanide-based microlasers are presented.
文摘Broadband near-infrared(NIR) light sources demonstrate great potential in quantitative food analysis, material identification,invasive brain imaging diagnosis, and real-time health monitoring fields, etc. [1–3]. Compared with competing technologies based on quantum dots and organic crystals, NIR-emitting phosphor converted light-emitting diodes(pc-LEDs) favor high spectral modulation and physicochemical stability [4].