Increasing crop grain yields is an urgent global priority due to population growth,shrinking arable land,and severe climate change in recent years(Tang et al.2023).Unraveling the process of panicle development is cruc...Increasing crop grain yields is an urgent global priority due to population growth,shrinking arable land,and severe climate change in recent years(Tang et al.2023).Unraveling the process of panicle development is crucial for enhancing the grain yield of cereal crops.In the development of rice panicles,the inflorescence meristem(IM)gives rise to two types of lateral branch meristems(BMs):primary branch meristem(pBM)and secondary branch meristem(sBM).The pBM generates sBM and spikelet meristems(SMs),and the sBM further differentiates into more SMs(Zhang and Yuan 2014).展开更多
Dear Editor,,Foxtail millet(Setaria italica)and its wild ancestor green foxtail(S.viridis),are two C4 genetic model plants known for their desirable traits,such as small size,short life cycle,ease of transformation,an...Dear Editor,,Foxtail millet(Setaria italica)and its wild ancestor green foxtail(S.viridis),are two C4 genetic model plants known for their desirable traits,such as small size,short life cycle,ease of transformation,and a compact genome size(~420 Mb)(He et al.,2023).Foxtail millet stands out as the only cultivated species within the Setaria genus.As a foundational crop for ancient east Asian agriculture civilization,it possesses remarkable drought and soil-nutrient deficiency tolerance.展开更多
Dear Editor,Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor),recognized as the world’s fifth most significant cereal crop,plays an essential role as a model for genomic comparison and functional genomics of C4 plants.It was domesticated in ...Dear Editor,Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor),recognized as the world’s fifth most significant cereal crop,plays an essential role as a model for genomic comparison and functional genomics of C4 plants.It was domesticated in Ethiopia and Sudan 5000 years ago and is known for its wide adaptability to harsh environments(Clark et al.,1975).展开更多
株型是影响谷类作物产量的重要性状,株型改良对提高作物产量具有重要意义。独脚金内酯(strigolactones,SLs)作为一种最新被鉴定的植物激素,其通过抑制腋芽的伸长调控分枝/分蘖的形成。β-胡萝卜素异构酶(D27s)是SLs合成途径的关键酶,通...株型是影响谷类作物产量的重要性状,株型改良对提高作物产量具有重要意义。独脚金内酯(strigolactones,SLs)作为一种最新被鉴定的植物激素,其通过抑制腋芽的伸长调控分枝/分蘖的形成。β-胡萝卜素异构酶(D27s)是SLs合成途径的关键酶,通过对谷子(Setaria italica)β-胡萝卜素异构酶典型结构域Pfam:DUF4033进行分析,鉴定到3个谷子D27s基因家族成员(Seita.8G168400、Seita.6G088800和Seita.3G050900)。蛋白质特性分析显示,谷子D27s蛋白由271–277个氨基酸残基组成,分子量为30.1–30.4 k Da,等电点为5.85–9.31,不稳定系数介于38.48–74.47之间,且均定位于叶绿体;系统进化分析发现,谷子D27s家族成员位于3个不同进化分支;顺式作用元件预测显示,SiD27-1(Seita.8G168400)可能参与调控生物节律、生长素介导的生长发育以及干旱和低温等胁迫应答过程。基因表达分析显示,SiD27-1在谷子多分蘖材料中表达下调,在低磷胁迫处理下,D27s基因均能产生不同程度的响应,并且Si D27-1的响应较其它成员更快速。单倍型分析结果表明,SiD27-1的H001单倍型为优异单倍型,对谷子的株高、抽穗期和产量改良具有重要应用价值。综上,推测SiD27-1极可能在SLs合成中发挥关键作用并对谷子株型产生影响。研究结果为深入揭示D27s对谷子分蘖形成的调控机制奠定了基础,也为谷子株型分子设计育种提供了优异的等位变异位点。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1200704 and 2023YFD1200700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32241042)+1 种基金the China Agricultural ResearchSystem(CARS06-14.5-A04)the Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resource and Germplasm Enhancement,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China,and the Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
文摘Increasing crop grain yields is an urgent global priority due to population growth,shrinking arable land,and severe climate change in recent years(Tang et al.2023).Unraveling the process of panicle development is crucial for enhancing the grain yield of cereal crops.In the development of rice panicles,the inflorescence meristem(IM)gives rise to two types of lateral branch meristems(BMs):primary branch meristem(pBM)and secondary branch meristem(sBM).The pBM generates sBM and spikelet meristems(SMs),and the sBM further differentiates into more SMs(Zhang and Yuan 2014).
基金This work was supported by grants from National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1000100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301798 and 32241042)+1 种基金the Central Public-lnterest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fundthe Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
文摘Dear Editor,,Foxtail millet(Setaria italica)and its wild ancestor green foxtail(S.viridis),are two C4 genetic model plants known for their desirable traits,such as small size,short life cycle,ease of transformation,and a compact genome size(~420 Mb)(He et al.,2023).Foxtail millet stands out as the only cultivated species within the Setaria genus.As a foundational crop for ancient east Asian agriculture civilization,it possesses remarkable drought and soil-nutrient deficiency tolerance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32241042,32301798)the Youth Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Y2024QC01)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Ag ricultural Sciences.
文摘Dear Editor,Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor),recognized as the world’s fifth most significant cereal crop,plays an essential role as a model for genomic comparison and functional genomics of C4 plants.It was domesticated in Ethiopia and Sudan 5000 years ago and is known for its wide adaptability to harsh environments(Clark et al.,1975).
文摘株型是影响谷类作物产量的重要性状,株型改良对提高作物产量具有重要意义。独脚金内酯(strigolactones,SLs)作为一种最新被鉴定的植物激素,其通过抑制腋芽的伸长调控分枝/分蘖的形成。β-胡萝卜素异构酶(D27s)是SLs合成途径的关键酶,通过对谷子(Setaria italica)β-胡萝卜素异构酶典型结构域Pfam:DUF4033进行分析,鉴定到3个谷子D27s基因家族成员(Seita.8G168400、Seita.6G088800和Seita.3G050900)。蛋白质特性分析显示,谷子D27s蛋白由271–277个氨基酸残基组成,分子量为30.1–30.4 k Da,等电点为5.85–9.31,不稳定系数介于38.48–74.47之间,且均定位于叶绿体;系统进化分析发现,谷子D27s家族成员位于3个不同进化分支;顺式作用元件预测显示,SiD27-1(Seita.8G168400)可能参与调控生物节律、生长素介导的生长发育以及干旱和低温等胁迫应答过程。基因表达分析显示,SiD27-1在谷子多分蘖材料中表达下调,在低磷胁迫处理下,D27s基因均能产生不同程度的响应,并且Si D27-1的响应较其它成员更快速。单倍型分析结果表明,SiD27-1的H001单倍型为优异单倍型,对谷子的株高、抽穗期和产量改良具有重要应用价值。综上,推测SiD27-1极可能在SLs合成中发挥关键作用并对谷子株型产生影响。研究结果为深入揭示D27s对谷子分蘖形成的调控机制奠定了基础,也为谷子株型分子设计育种提供了优异的等位变异位点。
