“课程思政”点亮理工科研究生专业课程教学

针对研究生课程思政起步晚、问题多、难度大的问题,本文以“发光材料研究进展”为教学案例,从教学目标、教学设计、教学实践、教学考核等环节多方面入手,系统性对如何进行研究生课程思政进行了实践探索,提出了“经典孕育创新,传承经典”的原创性思政思想,凝练了“育人为本,实践为基,创新为魂”的教学理念。

油气田用热塑性塑料管材环境应力开裂研究进展

为应对油气田日益苛刻的腐蚀环境,尤其是CO2和H2S等腐蚀气体含量增加,耐腐蚀性能优良的热塑性塑料在油气集输领域的应用受到广泛关注。但在使用过程中,由于环境应力开裂(ESC)导致管材失效事故时有发生,给管线运行和生态环境带来巨大隐患。文中首先通过对ESC评价方法研究、不同聚合物/溶剂体系的相互作用、环境因素对ESC行为的影响及材料改性对ESCR性能影响等方面调研,分析了国内外关于油气田用热塑性塑料管材ESC的研究现状。其次,从增塑理论、表面能的影响和分子链断裂分析了ESC机理。再次,指出了目前研究存在的不足之处:(1)油气田用热塑性塑料管材ESC行为快速分析方法尚未建立;(2)热塑性塑料结构形态对ESC的影响未予充分考虑;(3)尚无多场耦合下酸性油气混输用热塑性塑料管材的ESC机理研究。最后,对今后关于ESC研究的方向给出了建议。通过油气田热塑性塑料管材ESC研究现状调研,促进热塑性塑料管材在油气田中的安全应用。

Advances in technology for the laboratory diagnosis of individuals with HIV/AIDS coinfected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The high morbidity and mortality rate of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)coinfected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)is a tough challenge for current global tuberculosis prevention and control efforts.HIV/MTB coinfection is more complex than a single infection,and the interaction between the two diseases aggravates the deterioration caused by the disease,resulting in increased hospitalizations and deaths.Rapid screening and early diagnosis facilitate the timely initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment in HIV/MTB coinfected individuals,thereby reducing transmission and the incidence of adverse prognoses.To date,pathogenic detection has remained the gold standard for diagnosing tuberculosis,but its sensitivity and specificity are greatly affected by the body's immune status,which limits its application in the diagnosis of HIV/MTB coinfection.Recently,immunology and molecular detection technology has developed rapidly.New detection technologies,such as interferon-γ release assays,interferon-gamma inducible protein 10,and GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay have overcome the limitations of traditional detection methods,significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of tuberculosis diagnosis,and brought new hope to the detection of HIV/MTB coinfection.In this article,the principle,scope of application,and latest research progress of relevant detection methods are reviewed to provide a reference for the early diagnosis of HIV/MTB coinfection.

Toward understanding the cross-linking from molecular chains to aggregates by engineering terminals of supramolecular hyperbranched polysiloxane

Crosslinking thermosets with hyperbranched polymers confers them superior comprehensive performance.However,it still remains a further understanding of polymer crosslinking from the molecular chains to the role of aggregates.In this study,three hyperbranched polysiloxane structures(HBPSi-R)are synthesized as model macromolecules,each featuring distinct terminal groups(R denotes amino,epoxy,and vinyl groups)while similar molecular backbone(Si-O-C).These structures were subsequently copolymerized with epoxy monomers to construct interpenetrating HBPSi-R/epoxy/anhydride co-polymer systems.The spatial molecular configuration and flexible Si-O-C branches of HBPSi-R endow them with remarkable reinforcement and toughening effects.Notably,an optimum impact strength of 28.9 kJ mol^(−1) is achieved with a mere 3%loading of HBPSi-V,nearly three times that of the native epoxy(12.9 kJ mol^(−1)).By contrasting the terminal effects,the aggregation states and crosslinking modes were proposed,thus clarifying the supramolecular-dominant aggregation mechanism and covalent-dominant dispersion mechanism,which influences the resulting material properties.This work underscores the significance of aggregate science in comprehending polymer crosslinking and provides theoretical insights for tailoring material properties at a refined molecular level in the field of polymer science.

Mechanical, tribological and heat resistant properties of fluorinated multi-walled carbon nanotube/bismaleimide/cyanate resin nanocomposites

Bismaleimide containing cyanate resin（BMI/CE） pre-ploymer was used as resin matrix. Fluorinated multiwalled carbon nanotubes（F-MWCNTs） were used as fillers to prepare F-MWCNT/BMI/CE nanocomposites via a solution intercalation method. The influence of F-MWCNT content on the mechanical, tribological and heat resistant properties of the nanocomposites was investigated. The morphology of the fracture surface and the wear surface of nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy.Results show that the addition of F-MWCNTs is beneficial to improving the mechanical and tribological properties of the nanocomposites. It＇s worth noting that when the content of F-MWNTs was 0.6 wt%, the performances of nanocomposite are optimized（i.e., highest impact strength, lowest frictional coefficient and wear rate）. In addition, the nanocomposites exhibit good thermal stability in comparison with BMI/CE.

Eu^(3+)Coordinated Hyperbranched Polysiloxane with Multicolor Emission and Long Fluorescence Lifetime

Comprehensive Summary,Hyperbranched polysiloxanes have attracted increasing interest due to their unique fluorescence properties.However,the relatively short emission wavelength and low fluorescence lifetime are still the main obstacles to their broader application.In this study,we first synthesized aβ-diketone contained hyperbranched polysiloxane with excitation-dependent multicolor emission.Further through the coordination of HBPSi-NMDEA with Eu^(3+)ion,a hybrid luminescent material was prepared.It exhibited not only aggregation-induced red emission at 613 nm,but also a long fluorescence lifetime of 681.45μs.Particularly,it showed highly sensitive reversible fluorescence response to temperature variation,thus displaying the potential to be used in fluorescence temperature detection.

Construction of fluorescent hyperbranched polysiloxane-based clusteroluminogens with enhanced quantum yield and efficient cellular lighting

Owing to its designability and intrinsic fluorescence,non-conjugated hyperbranched polysiloxane(HBPSi)has attracted widespread attention in biological filed,while it is still severely restricted by low fluorescence efficiency.So,in this paper,we introduced disulfide into HBPSi improving their luminescence properties and synthesized different molecular weight HBPSi(P1,P2,and P3).Surprisingly,P1 exhibited ultrahigh quantum yield up to 47.81%.Meanwhile,experiments applied with theoretical calculations were employed to explore the fluorescence mechanism,which is attributed to efficient restricting of non-radiative decay by clusteroluminogens formed with the cooperation of hyperbranched structure and double hydrogen bonding.In addition,the biocompatibility of P1 was verified by co-culture with MC3T3-E1 and P1 lighted up mouse fibroblast cells without fluorescent dyes.This work designed a novel fluorescent polymer with ultrahigh fluorescence quantum yield and cell imaging ability,which is promising in visualization diagnosis and treatment of tumor.

A Derivative of s-Triazine Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide with the Function of UV-absorbing

A new s-triazine derivative modified graphene composite, in which 2,4,6-tri（2,4-dihydroxyphenyl）-1,3,5- triazine （TDTA） was attached onto reduced graphene oxide （rGO） via the noncovalent functionalization approach, named TDTA/rGO, was reported. And the TDTA was synthesized via a Friedel-Crafts reaction. FTIR and NMR spectroscopic characterizations were carried out to confirm the synthesis of TDTA. UV-Vis, XPS and TEM revealed that TDTA molecules were successfully loaded onto graphene sheets by π-π stacking, and the composite is found to improve greatly the dispersity ofrGO in DMF and to be a good UV-absorber.