Lactobacillus plantarum J26 alleviates alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury by regulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway

Oxidative stress is one of the main ways to cause alcohol-induced liver injury,and alcoholic liver disease(ALD)has been a common health problem worldwide.Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)is also considered as a potential treatment to alleviate alcohol-induced liver injury.Lactobacillus plantarum J26 is a LAB isolated from Chinese traditional fermented dairy products with excellent probiotic effects.This study aimed to establish a mice model of alcoholic liver injury through acute-on-chronic alcohol feeding and to study the alleviating effect of pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 on alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury and focus on its potential mechanism of alleviating effect.The results showed that pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 could improve liver pathological changes,reduce lipid accumulation,increase mitochondrial ATP and mitochondrial(mtDNA)levels,and alleviate liver injury.In addition,pre-intake L.plantarum J26 can improve the level of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in the intestines in mice,short chain fatty acids can be used as a signaling molecule activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling pathway to alleviate liver oxidative stress,and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating the expression of genes related to mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy,thereby reducing cell apoptosis to alleviate alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury.

Magnetron sputtering NbSe_(2)film as lubricant for space current-carrying sliding contact

This study demonstrates that magnetron-sputtered NbSe_(2)film can be used as a lubricant for space current-carrying sliding contact,which accommodates both metal-like conductivity and MoS_(2)-like lubricity.Deposition at low pressure and low energy is performed to avoid the generation of the interference phase of NbSe_(3).The composition,microstructure,and properties of the NbSe_(2)films are further tailored by controlling the sputtering current.At an appropriate current,the film changed from amorphous to crystalline,maintained a dense structure,and exhibited excellent comprehensive properties.Compared to the currently available electrical contact lubricating materials,the NbSe_(2)film exhibits a significant advantage under the combined vacuum and current-carrying conditions.The friction coefficient decreases from 0.25 to 0.02,the wear life increases more than seven times,and the electric noise reduces approximately 50%.

Tribological properties of M0S_(2) coating for ultra-long wear-life and low coefficient of friction combined with additive g-C3N4 in air

The solid lubricant M0S_(2) demonstrates excellent lubricating properties,but it spontaneously oxidizes and absorbs moisture in air,and thus results in poor wear resistance and short wear-life.In this study,the additive g-C_(3)N_(4)(CN)was successfully combined with M0S_(2) via hydrothermal synthesis as a solid lubricant for the first time.Meanwhile,a low friction coefficient(COF,y=0.031)and ultra-long wear-life of CN/M0S_(2) compared to pure M0S_(2) in air were demonstrated.The functional groups and good crystallinity of the lubricant material were characterized via Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The formed valence states in CN/M0S_(2) were analyzed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The characterized results of the scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM)show the morphology and interior crystal phase structure of CN/M0S_(2).From the cross-section analysis,the presence of iron oxide nanoparticles lubricating film is synergistic with CN/M0S_(2) film during the friction process,resulting in its ultra-long wear-life.In particular,the friction mechanism of interlayer sliding friction combined with energy storage friction was analyzed and proposed.

Role of nanoparticles in achieving macroscale superlubricity of graphene/nano-SiO_(2) particle composites

Recent studies have reported that adding nanoparticles to graphene enables macroscale superlubricity to be achieved.This study focuses on the role of nanoparticles in achieving superlubricity.First,because graphene nanoscrolls can be formed with nanoparticles as seeds under shear force,the applied load(or shear force)is adjusted to manipulate the formation of graphene nanoscrolls and to reveal the relationship between graphene-nanoscroll formation and superlubricating performance.Second,the load-carrying role of spherical nano-SiO_(2)particles during the friction process is verified by comparison with an elaborately designed fullerene that possesses a hollow-structured graphene nanoscroll.Results indicate that the incorporated nano-SiO_(2)particles have two roles in promoting the formation of graphene nanoscrolls and exhibiting load-carrying capacity to support macroscale forces for achieving macroscale superlubricity.Finally,macroscale superlubricity(friction coefficient:0.006–0.008)can be achieved under a properly tuned applied load(2.0 N)using a simple material system in which a graphene/nano-SiO_(2)particle composite coating slides against a steel counterpart ball without a decorated diamond-like carbon film.The approach described in this study could be of significance in engineering.