义务教育信息化优质均衡发展的系统动力机制研究

从系统视角研究义务教育信息化优质均衡发展的演化规律和驱动力,对优质均衡发展失衡风险的预警和治理具有重要意义。使用系统动力学方法,构建义务教育信息化优质均衡发展仿真模型,结构化分析优质均衡发展的驱动因子和内在动力机制,明确义务教育信息化优质均衡发展的动力和未来趋势。研究表明:义务教育信息化优质均衡发展的动力依次为信息化应用、信息化组织与管理、信息化保障机制、数字化教育资源平台、信息化基础设施,应该提升以教师信息技术应用能力为主的应用性投入,巩固以信息化组织与管理队伍、信息化激励与考评制度建设为主的管理性投入,以及完善以数字化教育资源平台、信息化基础设施建设满意度为主的建设性投入,以此来促进义务教育信息化优质均衡发展。

NCAPD2 serves as a potential prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma and promotes cell proliferation,migration,invasion and cell cycle in vitro

Objectives:The pro-oncogenic effects of NCAPD2 have been extensively studied across various tumor types;however,its precise role within the context of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)remains elusive.This study aims to elucidate the biological functions of NCAPD2 in LUAD and unravel the underlying mechanistic pathways.Methods:Utilizing bioinformatics methodologies,we explored the differential expression of NCAPD2 between normal and tumor samples,along with its correlations with clinical-pathological characteristics,survival prognosis,and immune infiltration.Results:In the TCGA-LUAD dataset,tumor samples demonstrated significantly elevated levels of NCAPD2 expression compared to normal samples(p<0.001).Clinically,higher NCAPD2 expression was notably associated with advanced T,N,and M stages,pathologic stage,gender,smoking status,and diminished overall survival(OS).Moreover,differentially expressed genes(DEGs)associated with NCAPD2 were predominantly enriched in pathways related to cell division.Immune infiltration analysis revealed that NCAPD2 expression levels were linked to the infiltration of memory B cells,naïve CD4+T cells,activated memory CD4+T cells,and M1 macrophages.In vitro experiments demonstrated that silencing NCAPD2 suppressed LUAD cell proliferation,migration,invasion,epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),and cell cycle progression.Conclusions:In summary,NCAPD2 may represent a promising prognostic biomarker and novel therapeutic target for LUAD.

Relaxin-encapsulated polymeric metformin nanoparticles remodel tumor immune microenvironment by reducing CAFs for efficient triple-negative breast cancer immunotherapy

Cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are one of the most abundant stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment which mediate desmoplastic response and are the primary driver for an immunosuppressive microenvironment,leading to the failure of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)immunotherapy.Therefore,depleting CAFs may enhance the effect of immunotherapy(such as PD-L1 antibody).Relaxin(RLN)has been demonstrated to significantly improve transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)induced CAFs activation and tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment.However,the short half-life and systemic vasodilation of RLN limit its in vivo efficacy.Here,plasmid encoding relaxin(pRLN)to locally express RLN was delivered with a new positively charged polymer named polymeric metformin(PolyMet),which could increase gene transfer efficiency significantly and have low toxicity that have been certified by our lab before.In order to improve the stability of pRLN in vivo,this complex was further formed lipid poly-γ-glutamic acid(PGA)/PolyMetpRLN nanoparticle(LPPR).The particle size of LPPR was 205.5±2.9 nm,and the zeta potential was+55.4±1.6 mV.LPPR displayed excellent tumor penetrating efficacy and weaken proliferation of CAFs in 4T1luc/CAFs tumor spheres in vitro.In vivo,it could reverse aberrantly activated CAFs by decreasing the expression of profibrogenic cytokine and remove the physical barrier to reshape the tumor stromal microenvironment,which enabled a 2.2-fold increase in cytotoxic T cell infiltration within the tumor and a decrease in immunosuppressive cells infiltration.Thus,LPPR was observed retarded tumor growth by itself in the 4T1 tumor bearing-mouse,and the reshaped immune microenvironment further led to facilitate antitumor effect when it combined with PD-L1 antibody(aPD-L1).Altogether,this study presented a novel therapeutic approach against tumor stroma using LPPR to achieve a combination regimen with immune checkpoint blockade therapy against the desmoplastic TNBC model.

Morphological, physiological and molecular characteristics of the seedless 'Hongjiangcheng' sweet orange

Seedless citrus has become one of the breeding goals due to its high edible ratio and convenience in fresh consumption and processing.In this study, the ‘Hongjiangcheng' sweet orange(WT) and its seedless mutant(MT) after cobalt-60 radiation were selected to study the formation metabolism of citrus seedless phenotype. Compared with WT, the MT had altered primary metabolite contents, as indicated by GC-MS analysis. The mature pollen of the MT was mostly distorted and shrunken, and the orange mutant exhibited significantly lower fertility than the WT. Through pollination experiments and paraffin sectioning of the MT, we observed self-compatibility during pollen tube germination in situ, in combination with the absence of natural parthenocarpy and arrested zygotic embryo development at the fourth week after pollination. From transcriptomic analyses of ovules in the fourth week, 815 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were identified.Furthermore, according to the annotation of gene function and qRT-PCR analysis, Cs4g10930, Cs5g21900 and orange1.1t02243 were identified as candidate genes that may govern the mechanism of seedlessness. Finally, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation verified that the overexpression of Cs4g10930 and Cs5g21900 in Newhall navel orange calli inhibited embryoid production. This study provides a better understanding of seedless formation in citrus and two key genes that may play an important role in the early selection of seedless lines in citrus breeding programs.

The haplotype-resolved T2T genome of teinturier cultivar Yan73 reveals the genetic basis of anthocyanin biosynthesis in grapes

Teinturier grapes are characterized by the typical accumulation of anthocyanins in grape skin,flesh,and vegetative tissues,endowing them with high utility value in red wine blending and nutrient-enriched foods developing.However,due to the lack of genome information,the mechanism involved in regulating teinturier grape coloring has not yet been elucidated and their genetic utilization research is still insufficient.Here,the cultivar‘Yan73’was used for assembling the telomere-to-telomere(T2T)genome of teinturier grapes by combining the High Fidelity(HiFi),Hi-C and ultralong Oxford Nanopore Technologies(ONT)reads.Two haplotype genomes were assembled,at the sizes of 501.68 Mb and 493.38 Mb,respectively.In the haplotype 1 genome,the transposable elements(TEs)contained 32.77%of long terminal repeats(LTRs),while in the haplotype 2 genome,31.53%of LTRs were detected in TEs.Furthermore,obvious inversions were identified in chromosome 18 between the two haplotypes.Transcriptome profiling suggested that the gene expression patterns in‘Cabernet Sauvignon’and‘Yan73’were diverse depending on tissues,developmental stages,and varieties.The transcription program of genes in the anthocyanins biosynthesis pathway between the two cultivars exhibited high similarity in different tissues and developmental stages,whereas the expression levels of numerous genes showed significant differences.Compared with other genes,the expression levels of VvMYBA1 and VvUFGT4 in all samples,VvCHS2 except in young shoots and VvPAL9 except in the E-L23 stage of‘Yan73’were higher than those of‘Cabernet Sauvignon’.Further sequence alignments revealed potential variant gene loci and structure variations of anthocyanins biosynthesis related genes and a 816 bp sequence insertion was found in the promoter of VvMYBA1 of‘Yan73’haplotype 2 genome.The‘Yan73’T2T genome assembly and comparative analysis provided valuable foundations for further revealing the coloring mechanism of teinturier grapes and the genetic improvement of grape coloring traits.

面膜中荧光增白剂的透皮吸收特性及对皮肤刺激性的实验研究

为了研究含脂溶性荧光增白剂(FWAs)面膜的透皮吸收特性及其对皮肤刺激性,采用改良的Franz透皮扩散池,以离体雄性大鼠腹部皮肤为模型,通过高效液相色谱-三重四极杆液质联用法测定接收液中5种吡唑啉型荧光增白剂的含量,计算其不同透皮时间段的累计渗透量,并对试验终期皮肤中FWAs的贮留量进行检测;按《化妆品安全技术规范》(2015年版)中皮肤刺激性实验要求,采用家兔进行皮肤刺激性试验。结果显示,5种脂溶性FWAs呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(r;)均大于0.999,检出限为0.5~10.0 pg,定量限为2.0~30.0 pg,平均回收率和相对标准偏差分别为95.2%~102.1%和1.8%~4.2%。面膜中的脂溶性荧光增白剂C.I.162有较强的透皮能力可以进入皮下,在0~36 h内透皮扩散符合零级动力学方程;而C.I.135、C.I.185、C.I.367、C.I.368四种FWAs短期内均被皮肤吸收而未透过皮肤。结果提示,脂溶性FWAs较易迁移到皮肤的角质层或皮下,对哺乳动物皮肤没有刺激作用。

通过式固相萃取-UPLC-MS/MS法测定育发液中35种糖皮质激素

为了评估育发液中是否违法添加糖皮质激素,采用超高效液相色谱串联三重四极杆质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)建立了一种同时测定育发液中35种糖皮质激素的方法。样品加饱和氯化钠溶液分散,经乙腈提取,以PRiME HLB固相萃取柱净化,ACQUITY BEH C_(18)柱(1.7μm,2.1 mm×100 mm)分离,流动相A为含0.1%甲酸和2 mmol/L乙酸铵的水溶液,流动相B为含0.1%甲酸的乙腈溶液,进行梯度洗脱,多反应监测模式(MRM)进行检测,外标法定量。结果表明,35种糖皮质激素的色谱分离效果良好,在2~30 ng/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,决定系数(R^(2))均大于0.99,方法检出限(LOD,S/N≥3)和定量限(LOQ,S/N≥10)分别在0.01~0.65μg/L和0.03~2.20μg/L之间,各加标水平的平均回收率在62.4%~92.9%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.7%~5.7%。该方法同时检测育发液中35种糖皮质激素,可用于育发液质量安全的监控。

CRISPR technology is revolutionizing the improvement of tomato and other fruit crops

Fruits are major sources of essential nutrients and serve as staple foods in some areas of the world.The increasing human population and changes in climate experienced worldwide make it urgent to the production of fruit crops with high yield and enhanced adaptation to the environment,for which conventional breeding is unlikely to meet the demand.Fortunately,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)technology paves the way toward a new horizon for fruit crop improvement and consequently revolutionizes plant breeding.In this review,the mechanism and optimization of the CRISPR system and its application to fruit crops,including resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses,fruit quality improvement,and domestication are highlighted.Controversies and future perspectives are discussed as well.

Dual-responsive nanovaccine for cytosolic delivery of antigens to boost cellular immune responses and cancer immunotherapy

Cancer vaccine contributing to the success of the treatment and prevention of tumors has attracted a huge attention as a strategy for tumor immunotherapy in recent years.A major challenge of cancer vaccine is to target cytosols of dendritic cells(DCs)in the lymph nodes(LNs)to enhance efficiency of antigen cross-presentation,which elicits high levels of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes to destruct tumor cells.Here,we address this issue by conjugating ovalbumin(OVA)to PEG-PCL using disulfide bond(-ss-),and the degradable pH-responsive polymer-PEI-PCL as delivery carrier.In addition,the mol ratio of PEG-PCL to PEI-PCL in the mixed micelles was tailored to deliver the OVA to LNs.Subsequently,CpG ODN_(1826),a TLR-9 agonist,was further introduced into a mixed micelle of 30nm or less as a unique tumor vaccine.Importantly,the results demonstrated the mixed micelles with 1:1mol of PCL-PEG and PCL-PEI can effectively migrate to distal LNs where antigen were efficiently captured by DCs,meanwhile,OVA was modified to the surface of mixed micelles via disulfide bonds(-ss-)for promotion efficiency of antigen cross-presentation.More surprisingly,combination of tumor vaccine with anti-PD-1,the therapy of ectopic melanoma(B16-OVA)and lung metastasis melanoma(B16-OVA)is excellent therapeutic effect.Taken together,our works offers a novel strategy for the cytosol delivery of antigens to achieve potent cancer immunotherapy.

An Unusual Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) Fractured <i>in Vivo</i>with Embolization Happened in a Child: A Case Report

We report a case of a 7-year-old child who received a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) for chemotherapy. He suffered from an unusual PICC fracture in vivo with pulmonary embolism after eight circles of chemotherapeutic agents administered. In this case report, we review the literatures for the underlying pathophysiology of this uncommon phenomenon. IV nurses should consider the possibility of the infusion dysfunction deriving from the PICC line fractured. Accurate tip catheter placement and specific care may reduce morbidity.

Expression of the EphA2 Gene in Esophageal Carcinoma Tissues

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship of the EphA2 gene with the occurrence, invasion and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma. METHODS The expression of EphA2 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR and the EphA2 protein was estimated by immunohistochemistry (SP method) in both esophageal cancerous tissues and normal epithelial tissues. RESULTS The expression of EphA2 mRNA showed no difference between esophageal cancerous tissues and normal epithelium, and there appeared to be no correlation with differentiation of the cancerous tissues, the depth of infiltration or lymph node metastasis (P>0.05). However, the expression of the EphA2 protein was significantly higher in cancerous tissues compared to normal epithelial tissues (P<0.05). The expression of the EphA2 protein in a deeper invasive group and in a group with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher compared to a superficially invasive group and a group without lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Its expression did not appear to be correlated with differentiation of cancerous tissues (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The occurrence of esophagus carcinoma and the formation of invasion and metastasis may be related to overexpression of the EphA2 protein but not to the level of mRNA, a finding which may due to up-regulation at the translation level or by increased protein stability.

Effect of particle-particle interaction on dielectrophoretic single particle trap in a sudden contraction flow

Dielectrophoretic(DEP) force is significant in manipulating tiny objects in micro/nano scale. To study the effect of electric interaction force on particle manipulation, a microstructure consisting of a pair of strip electrodes and a sudden contraction micro-channel was constructed. Besides DEP force and hydrodynamic force acting on single particle, the numerical model also involved electric interaction force and force moment on two particles. The analyses revealed that the particle-particle interaction force was in the same order as that of DEP force on single trapped particle. The interaction force resulted in trapping single particle failure under continuous DEP force.Thus, pulsed DEP force, turning on/off DEP force at a given time interval, was suggested. During the "off" period,the velocity difference of the two particles located at sudden contraction micro-channel enlarged the gap between them and further weakened the particle-particle interaction. By a proof-of-concept experiment, both the trapping behavior of single particle and that of two particles were in good agreement with the model.With carefully controlled parameters, the reliable function of retaining single particle was realized by pulsed DEP.

Effect of Interstitial Hydrogen on Cohesive Strength of Al Grain Boundary with Mg Segregation

The effect of interstitial hydrogen on the cohesion of the Al ∑ =11（113） grain boundary （GB） is investigated based on the thermodynamic model of Rice-Wang using the first-principles density tunction calculation. I he results indicate that interstitial H behaves as an embrittler from ＂strengthening energy＂ analysis. The reduced GB cohesion due to the presence of H at the GB is attributed to the low affinity between H and Al, and the weakened bonding of Al atomic pairs perpendicular to GB plane.

Photodynamic Therapy for Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Case Report

Background and Study Aims:To observe the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer and analyze the reasons affecting the efficacy.Methods:In this paper,a patient with advanced gastric cancer in our hospital was selected.HoPorfin is used as a photosensitizer and photodynamic therapy was performed 48 hours and 72 hours later.Results:One month after the photodynamic treatment,the patient came to our hospital to reexamine the gastroscope.Through the comparison of gastroscopy before and after the photodynamic treatment,the gastric cancer lesion of the patient after the photodynamic treatment was not significantly smaller than before,and the effect of photodynamic treatment was not ideal.Conclusion:The four reasons for the unsatisfactory effect:individual differences of patients,photosensitizer,light source and oxygen.

Progress in the preparation and physical properties of two-dimensional Cr-based chalcogenide materials and heterojunctions

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)exhibit promising application prospects in the domains of electronic devices,optoelectronic devices and spintronic devices due to their distinctive energy band structures and spin−orbit coupling properties.Cr-based chalcogenides with narrow or even zero bandgap,covering from semiconductors to metallic materials,have considerable potential for wide-band photodetection and two-dimensional magnetism.Currently,the preparation of 2D CrX_(n)(X=S,Se,Te)nanosheets primarily relies on chemical vapor deposition(CVD)and molecule beam epitaxy(MBE),which enable the production of high-quality large-area materials.This review article focuses on recent progress of 2D Cr-based chalcogenides,including unique crystal structure of the CrX_(n)system,phase-controlled synthesis,and heterojunction construction.Furthermore,a detailed introduction of room-temperature ferromagnetism and electrical/optoelectronic properties of 2D CrXn is presented.Ultimately,this paper summarizes the challenges associated with utilizing 2D Cr-based chalcogenides in preparation strategies,optoelectronics devices,and spintronic devices while providing further insights.

On the use of explainable AI for susceptibility modeling:Examining the spatial pattern of SHAP values

Hydro-morphological processes(HMP,any natural phenomenon contained within the spectrum defined between debris flows and flash floods)are globally occurring natural hazards which pose great threats to our society,leading to fatalities and economical losses.For this reason,understanding the dynamics behind HMPs is needed to aid in hazard and risk assessment.In this work,we take advantage of an explainable deep learning model to extract global and local interpretations of the HMP occurrences across the whole Chinese territory.We use a deep neural network architecture and interpret the model results through the spatial pattern of SHAP values.In doing so,we can understand the model prediction on a hierarchical basis,looking at how the predictor set controls the overall susceptibility as well as doing the same at the level of the single mapping unit.Our model accurately predicts HMP occurrences with AUC values measured in a ten-fold cross-validation ranging between 0.83 and 0.86.This level of predictive performance attests for an excellent prediction skill.The main difference with respect to traditional statistical tools is that the latter usually lead to a clear interpretation at the expense of high performance,which is otherwise reached via machine/deep learning solutions,though at the expense of interpretation.The recent development of explainable Al is the key to combine both strengths.In this work,we explore this combination in the context of HMP susceptibility modeling.Specifically,we demonstrate the extent to which one can enter a new level of data-driven interpretation,supporting the decision-making process behind disaster risk mitigation and prevention actions.

Developments and challenges on enhancement of photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction through photocatalysis

The conversion of CO_(2)into high-value fuels and chemicals has garnered research interest worldwide.The conversion and utilization of CO_(2)has become one of the most urgent tasks for society.In this context,using solar energy to convert CO_(2)into high-value fuels such as CH4 and CH_(3)OH has extremely high potential application value.Herein,the research progress and results of applying various photocatalysts in photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction with various novel catalysts were reviewed.Furthermore,strategies for improving photocatalytic performance were reviewed.Finally,improving the catalytic mechanism of catalysts and designing novel highactivity,high-stability catalysts through comprehensive exploration of the reaction mechanism were suggested to meet the future requirements of industrial production.

Plasma-enhanced interfacial engineering of FeSiAl@PUA@SiO_(2)hybrid for efficient microwave absorption and anti-corrosion

Microwave absorption materials are prone to degradation in extremely humid and salty environments,and it is still challenging to develop a dense and firm interface to protect microwave absorbers.Herein,a robust FeSiAl@PUA@SiO2(PUA:acrylic polyurethane)gradient hybrid was prepared through plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition(PECVD)to achieve efficient microwave absorption and anti-corrosion properties.The organic/inorganic dual coat of PUA/SiO2 not only facilitated the interface polarization but also effectively reduced the dielectric constant and optimized impedance matching.Owing to the unique hybrid structure,the(PECVD-FeSiAl@PUA)@SiO_(2) exhibited highly efficient microwave absorbing performance in frequency bands covering almost the entire Ku-bands(12-18 GHz)with a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)of−47 dB with a matching thickness of 2.3 mm.The organic/inorganic dual protection effectively shields against the corrosive medium,as the corrosion potential and the polarization resistance increased from−0.167 to−0.047 V and 8,064 to 16,273Ω·cm^(2),respectively.While the corrosion current decreased from 3.04×10^(−6) to 2.16×10^(−6) A/cm^(2).Hence,the plasma-enhanced densification of PUA created a strong bridge to integrate FeSiAl and organic/inorganic components acquiring dual-function of efficient microwave absorption and anticorrosion,which opened a promising platform for potential practical absorbers.

Epsilon-poly-L-lysine increases disease resistance of citrus against postharvest green mold by activating amino acid metabolism and phenolic comnpounds biosynthesis

As a famous fruit worldwide,citrus is susceptible to green mold caused by Penicillium digitatum,which causes large economic losses every year.e-Poly-L-lysine(e-PL)is a novel preservative with strong inhibitory effects on fungi,and has the capacity to induce disease resistance in fruit,but the mechanism has been reported rarely,especially in citrus.In the present study,8ooμg/mL e-PL and P digitatum spores were inoculated in two different wounds on the citrus pericarp at an interval of 24 h.The results revealed that e-PL inhibited that the development of green mold without direct contact with P digitatum,indicating that the disease resistance of citrus was activated.Transcriptome analysis revealed that e-PL activated amino acid metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.Besides,the accumulation of glutamic acid,proline,arginine,serine,lysine,phenylalanine,and tyrosine were changed during storage.In phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,-PL increased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL),cinnamate 4-hydroxylase(C4H),and 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase(4CL)activities and total phenolic and flavonoid contents.Importantly.among these phenolic compounds,e-PL promoted the accumulation of individual phenolic compounds including ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid,p-coumaric acid,caffeic acid,gallic acid,catechins,epicatechin,and narirutin.In conclusion,e-PL enhanced the resistance of citrus through amino acid metabolism and accumulation of phenolic compounds.These results improved the knowledge of the mechanism of-PL-induced disease resistance and provided a fresh theoretical basis for the use of e-PL in postharvest citrus preservation.

A Versatile Tetraphenylethene Derivative Bearing Excitation Wavelength Dependent Emission,Multistate Mechanochromism,Reversible Photochromism,and Circularly Polarized Luminescence and Its Applications in Multimodal Anticounterfeiting

Multimodal anticounterfeiting has become increasingly challenging in modern society to guarantee information security and the safety of property.In this study,a versatile cholesterol-containing tetraphenylethene derivative is shown to have multiple optical properties,including stimuli-responsive fluorescence,reversible photochromism,excitation wavelength dependent luminescence,and circularly polarized luminescence.After the application of diverse processing methods(writing,screen painting,drawing,and pyrography),we found that this molecule can serve as an anticounterfeiting toolbox to provide rich anticounterfeiting effects through the synergistical use of multiple optical properties.This work offers important insight for designing novel small organic molecules for advanced multimodal anticounterfeiting technology.