病例:患者男,63岁,因“中下腹痛1月余”于2019年3月15日至本院就诊。患者既往体健,1月余前无明显诱因下出现中下腹部疼痛,进食后伴有恶心呕吐,行腹部CT检查示胃壁明显增厚(图1),周围多发淋巴结,考虑恶性病变可能。胃镜检查示胃呈皮革样...病例:患者男,63岁,因“中下腹痛1月余”于2019年3月15日至本院就诊。患者既往体健,1月余前无明显诱因下出现中下腹部疼痛,进食后伴有恶心呕吐,行腹部CT检查示胃壁明显增厚(图1),周围多发淋巴结,考虑恶性病变可能。胃镜检查示胃呈皮革样,管腔狭窄,胃壁僵硬,考虑皮革胃可能,但多次多点胃镜下活检均提示慢性炎。入院体检:体温36.6℃,脉搏59次/min,呼吸16次/min,血压129/86 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)。全身浅表淋巴结未及肿大,腹软,中下腹压痛,无反跳痛,无肌卫,未及包块。展开更多
Background Difficulties persist in differentiating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) from pancreatic inflammatory masses (PIM). Auxiliary diagnostic techniques which enhance the endoscopic ultrasound-guided...Background Difficulties persist in differentiating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) from pancreatic inflammatory masses (PIM). Auxiliary diagnostic techniques which enhance the endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) diagnostic yield have been attempted, for example, K-ras mutation analysis. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of K-ras mutation analysis combined with EUS-FNA for the differential diagnosis of PDAC and PIM by pooling data of existing trials. Methods We systematically searched the Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Central Trials databases for relevant published studies. Meta-analysis was performed. Pooling was conducted in fixed-effect model or random-effect model. Results In total eight studies, with 696 cases of PDAC and 138 cases of PIM, met our inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likely ratio and negative likely ratio of K-ras mutation analysis combined with cytopathology for diagnosis of PDAC versus PIM were 90%, 95%, 13.45, and 0.13, respectively. Especially, among total 123 patients whose EUS-FNA results were inconclusive or negative, fifty-nine had K-ras mutations and were finally diagnosed with PDAC (48%, 59/123). Publication bias was not present. Conclusions Combining K-ras mutation analysis with routine cytology moderately improves the ability of EUS-FNA to differentially diagnose between PDAC and PIM, especially for patients with suspected PDAC yet inconclusive EUS-FNA findings, and may prove to be a valuable supplemental method to EUS-FNA.展开更多
文摘病例:患者男,63岁,因“中下腹痛1月余”于2019年3月15日至本院就诊。患者既往体健,1月余前无明显诱因下出现中下腹部疼痛,进食后伴有恶心呕吐,行腹部CT检查示胃壁明显增厚(图1),周围多发淋巴结,考虑恶性病变可能。胃镜检查示胃呈皮革样,管腔狭窄,胃壁僵硬,考虑皮革胃可能,但多次多点胃镜下活检均提示慢性炎。入院体检:体温36.6℃,脉搏59次/min,呼吸16次/min,血压129/86 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)。全身浅表淋巴结未及肿大,腹软,中下腹压痛,无反跳痛,无肌卫,未及包块。
文摘脾脏肿瘤并不多见,但随着现代影像学技术的发展,越来越多的脾脏占位在体检时被偶然发现,而脾脏是人体的“血库”,活检出血风险极大,因此选择安全的技术获得脾脏样本尤为重要。本文报道了3例内镜超声引导下细针抽吸术(endoscopic ultrasoud-guided fine needle aspiration,EUS-FNA)诊断的脾脏恶性肿瘤,EUS-FNA有助于明确诊断、指导临床医师制定治疗方案。
文摘Background Difficulties persist in differentiating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) from pancreatic inflammatory masses (PIM). Auxiliary diagnostic techniques which enhance the endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) diagnostic yield have been attempted, for example, K-ras mutation analysis. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of K-ras mutation analysis combined with EUS-FNA for the differential diagnosis of PDAC and PIM by pooling data of existing trials. Methods We systematically searched the Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Central Trials databases for relevant published studies. Meta-analysis was performed. Pooling was conducted in fixed-effect model or random-effect model. Results In total eight studies, with 696 cases of PDAC and 138 cases of PIM, met our inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likely ratio and negative likely ratio of K-ras mutation analysis combined with cytopathology for diagnosis of PDAC versus PIM were 90%, 95%, 13.45, and 0.13, respectively. Especially, among total 123 patients whose EUS-FNA results were inconclusive or negative, fifty-nine had K-ras mutations and were finally diagnosed with PDAC (48%, 59/123). Publication bias was not present. Conclusions Combining K-ras mutation analysis with routine cytology moderately improves the ability of EUS-FNA to differentially diagnose between PDAC and PIM, especially for patients with suspected PDAC yet inconclusive EUS-FNA findings, and may prove to be a valuable supplemental method to EUS-FNA.