Investigation and Analysis of Artificial Rearing Snake Diseases in Yongzhou Area of Hunan Province

In recent years, artificial rearing snake diseases are increasingly rising, and some farms have suffered huge losses due to outbreak of snake diseases. Disease has become a big bottleneck restricting artificial breeding industry of snakes, and effective prevention and control of snake diseases has become the top priority. To control snake diseases purposely, questionnaires of artificial rearing snake diseases were released to 21 snake households in Yongzhou area of Hunan Province from February to May in 2014, and on-the-spot investigation was conducted as well. The types, etiology, epidemic characteristics, clinical symptoms and control effects of snake diseases in Yongzhou area were preliminarily understood, and their causes were analyzed. Survey showed that dermatitis, pneumonia, stomatitis, parasitosis, enteritis and powdery mildew were the six major diseases of artificial rearing snakes in Yongzhou area. The incidence of dermatitis was the highest of 61.9%, followed by pneumonia （42.8%）.

响应面法优化超声辅助提取山药素Ⅰ工艺

采用响应面法优化、超声辅助提取铁棍山药中山药素Ⅰ,结果表明最佳的提取工艺为:液料比(mL/g)46∶1、乙醇体积分数29%和超声时间63 min.Box-Behnken(BB)中心组合设计试验证明各单因素的影响顺序:乙醇体积分数>超声时间>液料比,液料比和超声时间、乙醇体积分数和超声时间的二次交互作用显著.在最佳条件下进行验证,山药素Ⅰ提取量为0.6271 mg/g,接近模型预测值0.6434 mg/g,响应面法对山药素Ⅰ提取工艺参数优化可行.

人工饲养舟山眼镜蛇的咬膜采毒研究初探

以人工饲养20月龄以上的舟山眼镜蛇为采毒研究对象。采毒样本的蛇体重750～1 500 g,采毒期间饲喂脱毛小鸡,蛇自咬膜采毒法,每月取毒2次。结果表明:采毒对象样本N=4 500条(♂1 176条/♀3 324条),实际采毒次数N_1=34 809次,平均每条蛇每次采毒量冻干粉0. 101 9 g,死亡17例,进食无影响,产卵无异常。因采毒断牙、牙龈流血比例每年5%～10%,一年饲养期不采毒个体平均比采毒个体增重21. 23%(采毒样本N_2=30条,不采毒样本N_3=30条)。

东京动漫企业空间集聚研究

分析了2011和2016年东京动漫企业的集聚过程,日本动漫产业集聚于东京的影响因素分别为:“三位一体”的政策支持、集中的供应链与协作组织、丰富的创新资源、独特的历史文化以及显著的中心优势.

人工去除毒腺对舟山眼镜蛇生长的影响

为探讨人工去除舟山眼镜蛇毒腺对其生长的影响,将30条舟山眼镜蛇幼蛇采用随机抽样法分成去毒腺组和未去毒腺组,每组15条。其中去毒腺组幼蛇于出壳30 d左右实施去除毒腺手术。两组的饲养环境温度保持在27~30℃,相对湿度控制在50%~70%,并提供正常的食物和水源,去毒腺后饲养12个月;采用相同的方法,在相同的时间测量每组体重、体长,并对测量数据进行统计分析。结果表明:去毒腺对舟山眼镜蛇幼蛇的生长没有显著影响,在饲养31~150 d期间,去毒腺组的平均体重增长率和平均体长增长率分别比未去毒腺组的小107.18%和3.08%;在饲养211~390 d期间,去毒腺组的平均体重增长率和平均体长增长率分别比未去毒腺组的大8.66%和6.58%。本试验结果可为降低毒蛇人工养殖的风险和眼镜蛇分类养殖提供良好的经验。

乌梢蛇幼蛇对不同食物开口率研究初探

为了研究乌梢蛇Zaocys carinatus对食物的选择性,寻找最适宜的乌梢蛇幼蛇开口食物;为乌梢蛇专用人工饲料开发提供理论基础,通过对解冻和保鲜食物投喂观察,结果表明:乌梢蛇幼蛇开口率因食物种类不同有明显区别,对蛙类食物的开口率较高,为71.63%,对昆虫类食物开口率较低,为10%以下;在食物的选择性方面,幼蛇对蛙类食物选择率较高,为85.56%,对昆虫类食物选择率较低,为5%以下。

乌梢蛇人工规模养殖技术

乌梢蛇是主要的药用蛇,其人工规模养殖一直处于摸索阶段。本文从乌梢蛇养殖场的建设、种蛋孵化技术、饲养技术、饲喂方法、饲料配制技术、疾病防治技术等方面总结了乌梢蛇的人工养殖经验,分析了目前养殖存在的问题,归纳了乌梢蛇人工规模养殖的关键技术,对促进乌梢蛇的规模化人工养殖,保护乌梢蛇野生资源、维护生态平衡具有重要意义。