为明确狄斯瓦螨侵袭西方蜜蜂蜂群后工蜂出现的畸形等级和形态差异,参照1988年Ruttner提出的形态测定标准,测定了蜂螨侵袭后采集蜂巢内正常蜂、畸形蜂、爬行蜂的喙、翅、足、背、腹等躯干的形态特征值,划分西方蜜蜂的致畸等级。结果表明...为明确狄斯瓦螨侵袭西方蜜蜂蜂群后工蜂出现的畸形等级和形态差异,参照1988年Ruttner提出的形态测定标准,测定了蜂螨侵袭后采集蜂巢内正常蜂、畸形蜂、爬行蜂的喙、翅、足、背、腹等躯干的形态特征值,划分西方蜜蜂的致畸等级。结果表明:畸形蜂的腿长(8.188±0.122)mm、蜡镜面积2.451 mm 2、翅脉指数Ci(-0.501)小于其他3种蜂,畸形蜂的经济性能消失;爬行蜂的蜡镜面积3.072 mm 2、第六腹板宽指数(93.686)最大,而背腿比(56.759)最小,从形态结构上来说,背部与腿部的比例失调可能造成了工蜂爬行;按累积贡献率>85%原则确定了蜂螨对工蜂致畸性的8个主要成分;聚类分析显示,爬行蜂在形态上不能与正常工蜂区分开,因素分析显示畸形蜂划分为3个等级:A型趋近正常工蜂;B型中度残缺,表现为翅膀残缺;C型重度残缺,翅膀、腹、腿完全畸形。蜂螨入侵后翅膀与腹部首先发生变化,表明这个部位具较强的脆弱性,出现不同程度的畸形可能是蜜蜂抗蜂螨的一种抗逆适应性的表现。展开更多
Survey on pests in Actinidia plants in Lushan botanical garden of China found that the insects causing damage on Actinidia plants mainly were grasshop- pers, scarabs, stinkbugs, leafhoppers, larvae of butterflies and ...Survey on pests in Actinidia plants in Lushan botanical garden of China found that the insects causing damage on Actinidia plants mainly were grasshop- pers, scarabs, stinkbugs, leafhoppers, larvae of butterflies and moths, leaf milers and borers, belonging to 50 species and 23 families. According to the regularity of their reproduction and development, as well as the characteristics of pest d mnages on plants, chemical agents were applied in flower bud expansion stage and early fruit setting stage of Actinidia plants. The results showed that rational application of chemical agents before and after flowering stage could effectively control largescale occurrence of pests.展开更多
为研究西方蜜蜂群势因子与气候的周年变化及相关性,采用Vantage Pro 2气象仪记录气候变化,以测子框测定群势、蜜、粉存储量,记录工蜂浆和携螨量,作周年统计和相关性分析。结果表明,群势在3月、7月、10月出现峰值,分别为(6.943±0.2...为研究西方蜜蜂群势因子与气候的周年变化及相关性,采用Vantage Pro 2气象仪记录气候变化,以测子框测定群势、蜜、粉存储量,记录工蜂浆和携螨量,作周年统计和相关性分析。结果表明,群势在3月、7月、10月出现峰值,分别为(6.943±0.245)、(7.306±0.162)、(8.076±0.099)脾,工蜂携螨量在3月、8月和11月出现峰值,分别为(14.076±1.116)、(16.950±0.943)、(16.230±1.085)只;工蜂浆在2月分泌量最高,为(93.286±0.030)mg;温度(22.607%)和工蜂浆(21.259%)是构成蜂群影响的主要成分;气候因子对蜂群表现出显著或极显著的相关性,其中温度对群势(r=0.170)和蜂螨(r=0.160)有极显著正相关,湿度与蜂群采粉(r=0.15)有极显著正相关,而工蜂浆的分泌量与温度(r=-0.327)、湿度(r=-0.351)表现出极显著负相关。说明蜂群自身节律性可以适应气候的变化,这对蜜蜂资源的发掘、生物多样性的保存具有深远意义。展开更多
文摘为明确狄斯瓦螨侵袭西方蜜蜂蜂群后工蜂出现的畸形等级和形态差异,参照1988年Ruttner提出的形态测定标准,测定了蜂螨侵袭后采集蜂巢内正常蜂、畸形蜂、爬行蜂的喙、翅、足、背、腹等躯干的形态特征值,划分西方蜜蜂的致畸等级。结果表明:畸形蜂的腿长(8.188±0.122)mm、蜡镜面积2.451 mm 2、翅脉指数Ci(-0.501)小于其他3种蜂,畸形蜂的经济性能消失;爬行蜂的蜡镜面积3.072 mm 2、第六腹板宽指数(93.686)最大,而背腿比(56.759)最小,从形态结构上来说,背部与腿部的比例失调可能造成了工蜂爬行;按累积贡献率>85%原则确定了蜂螨对工蜂致畸性的8个主要成分;聚类分析显示,爬行蜂在形态上不能与正常工蜂区分开,因素分析显示畸形蜂划分为3个等级:A型趋近正常工蜂;B型中度残缺,表现为翅膀残缺;C型重度残缺,翅膀、腹、腿完全畸形。蜂螨入侵后翅膀与腹部首先发生变化,表明这个部位具较强的脆弱性,出现不同程度的畸形可能是蜜蜂抗蜂螨的一种抗逆适应性的表现。
基金Supported by Construction of Kiwifruit Germplasm Resources Nursery in Lushan Botanical Garden
文摘Survey on pests in Actinidia plants in Lushan botanical garden of China found that the insects causing damage on Actinidia plants mainly were grasshop- pers, scarabs, stinkbugs, leafhoppers, larvae of butterflies and moths, leaf milers and borers, belonging to 50 species and 23 families. According to the regularity of their reproduction and development, as well as the characteristics of pest d mnages on plants, chemical agents were applied in flower bud expansion stage and early fruit setting stage of Actinidia plants. The results showed that rational application of chemical agents before and after flowering stage could effectively control largescale occurrence of pests.
文摘为研究西方蜜蜂群势因子与气候的周年变化及相关性,采用Vantage Pro 2气象仪记录气候变化,以测子框测定群势、蜜、粉存储量,记录工蜂浆和携螨量,作周年统计和相关性分析。结果表明,群势在3月、7月、10月出现峰值,分别为(6.943±0.245)、(7.306±0.162)、(8.076±0.099)脾,工蜂携螨量在3月、8月和11月出现峰值,分别为(14.076±1.116)、(16.950±0.943)、(16.230±1.085)只;工蜂浆在2月分泌量最高,为(93.286±0.030)mg;温度(22.607%)和工蜂浆(21.259%)是构成蜂群影响的主要成分;气候因子对蜂群表现出显著或极显著的相关性,其中温度对群势(r=0.170)和蜂螨(r=0.160)有极显著正相关,湿度与蜂群采粉(r=0.15)有极显著正相关,而工蜂浆的分泌量与温度(r=-0.327)、湿度(r=-0.351)表现出极显著负相关。说明蜂群自身节律性可以适应气候的变化,这对蜜蜂资源的发掘、生物多样性的保存具有深远意义。
