冷冻消融免疫效应的研究进展

冷冻消融术是一种肿瘤微创治疗,具有局部消瘤作用确切、不良反应小、安全性高等优势,并能激发体液免疫和细胞免疫,甚至诱导远处病灶消失即远位效应,因此具有局部和全身双重治疗效应。然而,冷冻消融引起的免疫效应可能出现免疫增强、免疫无应答或免疫抑制,这与癌症类型、坏死/凋亡比例、冷冻范围、冷冻速率、冷冻数量等密切相关。冷冻消融可增大坏死/凋亡比例,联合细胞过继疗法、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子、免疫检查点抑制剂、Toll样受体激动剂能够增强全身性免疫效应。然而,如何利用、加强冷冻消融的远位效应仍然是治疗肿瘤,尤其是晚期肿瘤的关键。

Theoretical Progress and Key Technologies of Onshore Ultra-Deep Oil/Gas Exploration

Oil/gas exploration around the world has extended into deep and ultra-deep strata because it is increasingly difficult to find new large-scale oil/gas reservoirs in shallow–middle buried strata. In recent years, China has made remarkable achievements in oil/gas exploration in ultra-deep areas including carbonate and clastic reservoirs. Some (ultra) large-scale oil and gas fields have been discovered. The oil/gas accumulation mechanisms and key technologies of oil/gas reservoir exploration and development are summarized in this study in order to share China’s experiences. Ultra-deep oil/gas originates from numerous sources of hydrocarbons and multiphase charging. Liquid hydrocarbons can form in ultradeep layers due to low geothermal gradients or overpressures, and the natural gas composition in ultra-deep areas is complicated by the reactions between deep hydrocarbons, water, and rock or by the addition of mantle- or crust-sourced gases. These oils/gases are mainly stored in the original highenergy reef/shoal complexes or in sand body sediments. They usually have high original porosity. Secondary pores are often developed by dissolution, dolomitization, and fracturing in the late stage. The early pores have been preserved by retentive diageneses such as the early charging of hydrocarbons. Oil/gas accumulation in ultra-deep areas generally has the characteristics of near-source accumulation and sustained preservation. The effective exploration and development of ultra-deep oil/gas reservoirs depend on the support of key technologies. Use of the latest technologies such as seismic signal acquisition and processing, low porosity and permeability zone prediction, and gas–water identification has enabled the discovery of ultra-deep oil/gas resources. In addition, advanced technologies for drilling, completion, and oil/gas testing have ensured the effective development of these fields.

Remaining Time Prediction for Business Processes with Concurrency Based on Log Representation

Remaining time prediction of business processes plays an important role in resource scheduling and plan making.The structural features of single process instance and the concurrent running of multiple process instances are the main factors that affect the accuracy of the remaining time prediction.Existing prediction methods does not take full advantage of these two aspects into consideration.To address this issue,a new prediction method based on trace representation is proposed.More specifically,we first associate the prefix set generated by the event log to different states of the transition system,and encode the structural features of the prefixes in the state.Then,an annotation containing the feature representation for the prefix and the corresponding remaining time are added to each state to obtain an extended transition system.Next,states in the extended transition system are partitioned by the different lengths of the states,which considers concurrency among multiple process instances.Finally,the long short-term memory(LSTM)deep recurrent neural networks are applied to each partition for predicting the remaining time of new running instances.By extensive experimental evaluation using synthetic event logs and reallife event logs,we show that the proposed method outperforms existing baseline methods.

妇产科手术后盆腹腔粘连预防中国指南(2023年版)

粘连是最常见的手术并发症,术后粘连在妇产科手术后也较为常见,术后粘连可能引起病理性的并发症,严重者甚至可危及生命。为了在临床上更好地预防粘连,在2015年的《预防妇产科手术后盆腹腔粘连的中国专家共识》基础上,根据新的研究结果,专家组遴选了与临床密切相关的12项问题进行了文献检索,并根据国际通用的标准进行了严谨评级和严格推荐。在兼顾严肃性、严谨性、严格性、实用性、科学性、权威性、政策性和安全性的前提下,最终制定了本指南,以规范临床工作,指导选择防粘连材料,加强防粘连意识,最终使患者获益。

Two Cases of Intrauterine Adhesions with Rare Hysteroscopic Findings

An intrauterine adhesion （IUA） is a form of disease that causes the uterine muscle walls to become adhered to each other due to the basal layers of the endometrium being damaged by various factors, thus resulting in partial or complete occlusion of the uterine cavity.

Discovery of Filling Shale Gas Field and its prospects

A series of breakthroughs have been made in the understanding, evaluation, and exploration of shale gas from discovery, environmental protection to efficient exploration in the discovering of Fuling Gas Field. By revealing the positive correlation between organic carbon content and siliceous mineral content of shale deposited in deep shelf, dynamic preservation mechanism of “early retention and late deformation,”it is clarified that the shales deposited in deep shelf are the most favorable for shale gas generation, storage and fracturing. The preser-ving conditions determine the levels of shale gas accumulation, thus the evaluation concept of taking the quality of the shale as the base and the preserving conditions as key is proposed, the evaluation system for strategic selection of favorable zones is established for marine shale gas exploration in Southern China. Moreover, the “sweet point” seismic forecasting technologies for marine shale gas, the “six properties” logging technologies for evaluating shale gas layers, the technologies for quick and efficient drilling of horizontal well groups, and the fracturing technologies for composite fractures for hor-izontal wells are invented. The paper discussed the exploration prospect of shale gas in the shales of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in great depth in Sichuan Basin, shale gas exploration in the outer region of the south, and continental shale gas exploration in China.

Effect of Tetrabutylammonium Bromide on Enzymatic Polymerization of Phenol Catalyzed by Horseradish Peroxidase

In this article tetrabutylammonium bromide （TBAB） was first added in buffer to compose a convenient and environmentally friendly system, and enzymatic polymerization of phenol catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase （HRP） could proceed efficiently in this system. When TBAB was added, the most conversion of phenol could reach 99.1%. The phenol polymer was considered to consist of a mixture of phenylene （Ph） and oxyphenylene （Ox） units by IR analysis, and the ratio of phenylene to oxyphenylene units （Ph/Ox） was measured by titration. Moreover, the effects of the dosage of horseradish peroxidase （HRP） and pH value on the conversion of phenol were investigated. The reaction performed very effectively in this novel system when the addition of HRP was only 0.2 mg. In all cases, the weight-average molecular weight calculated by GPC-SLS was in a range from 12000 Da to 30000 Da. The phenol polymer prepared in the present research possessed good thermal stability shown by TG analysis.