Huoxue Rongluo Tablet was made of tall gastrodis tuber, dahurian angelica root, honeysuckle stem, grassleaf sweetflag rhizome, common flowering quince fruit, figwort root, red peony root and peach seed at a ratio of 3...Huoxue Rongluo Tablet was made of tall gastrodis tuber, dahurian angelica root, honeysuckle stem, grassleaf sweetflag rhizome, common flowering quince fruit, figwort root, red peony root and peach seed at a ratio of 3：2：6：2：3：3：3：3. Huoxue Rongluo Tablet is a well-established and common pre- scription for the treatment of cerebral infarction. In this study, a rat model of cerebral ischemia was established and the animals were intragastrically administered Huoxue Rongluo Tablet. This treat- ment reduced infarct volume, decreased matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression, and improved neurological function. Moreover, the effects of Huoxue Rongluo Tablet were better than those of buflomedil pyridoxal phosphate. These results indicate that Huoxue Rongluo Tablet is effective in treating cerebral infarction by regulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein expression.展开更多
After gene mutation, the pcDNA3.1/APP595/596 plasmid was transfected into HEK293 cells to establish a cell model of Alzheimer＇s disease. The cell model was treated with donepezil or compound Danshen tablets after cul...After gene mutation, the pcDNA3.1/APP595/596 plasmid was transfected into HEK293 cells to establish a cell model of Alzheimer＇s disease. The cell model was treated with donepezil or compound Danshen tablets after culture for 72 hours. Reverse transcription-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of amyloid protein precursor decreased in all groups following culture for 24 hours, and that there was no significant difference in the amount of decrease between donepezil and compound Danshen tablets. Our results suggest that compound Danshen tablets can reduce expression of the mRNA for amyloid protein precursor in a transgenic cell model of Alzheimer＇s disease, with similar effects to donepezil.展开更多
The ventral tegmental area and the locus coeruleus are associated with psychological and physical dependence of opioid addiction. To date, very little is known about brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and Bcl-...The ventral tegmental area and the locus coeruleus are associated with psychological and physical dependence of opioid addiction. To date, very little is known about brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and Bcl-2 gene and protein changes following morphine addiction. The present study utilized immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques, which revealed that there were increased BDNF levels, but decreased Bcl-2 levels in the prefrontal cortex, locus coeruleus, hippocampus, and the ventral tegmental area during morphine-dependence formation and abstinence. However, the levels of BDNF remained unchanged, and Bcl-2 expression was increased in the nucleus accumbens. These results showed that BDNF and Bcl-2 are involved in the development of morphine dependence, and precipitation of abstinence syndrome.展开更多
Background The use of ketamine in electroconvulsive therapy(ECT)has been examined in the treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD);however,there has been no systematic review and meta-analysis of related randomised ...Background The use of ketamine in electroconvulsive therapy(ECT)has been examined in the treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD);however,there has been no systematic review and meta-analysis of related randomised controlled trials(RCTs).Aim To examine the efficacy and safety of ketamine augmentation of ECT in MDD treatment.Methods Two reviewers searched Chinese(China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang)and English(PubMed,PsycINFO,Embase and Cochrane Library)databases from their inception to 23 July 2019.The included studies'bias risk was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool.The primary outcome of this metaanalysis was improved d印ressive symptoms at day 1 after a single ECT treatment session.Data were pooled to calculate the standardised mean difference and risk ratio with their 95%CIs using RevMan V.5.3.We used the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)approach to assess the whole quality of evidence.Results Four RCTs(n=239)compared ketamine alone or ketamine plus propofol(n=149)versus propofol alone(n=90)in patients with MDD who underwent a single ECT session.Three RCTs were considered as unclear risk with respect to random sequence generation using the Cochrane risk of bias.Compared with propofol alone,ketamine alone and the combination of ketamine and propofol had greater efficacy in the treatment of depressive symptoms at days 1,3 and 7 after a single ECT session.Moreover,compared with propofol alone,ketamine alone and the combination of ketamine and propofol were significantly associated with increased seizure duration and seizure energy index.Compared with propofol,ketamine alone was significantly associated with increased opening-eye time.Based on the GRADE approach,the evidence level of primary and secondary outcomes ranged from very low(26.7%,4/15)to‘low'(73.3%,11/15).Conclusion Compared with propofol,there were very low or low evidence levels showing that ketamine alone and the combination of ketamine and propofol appeared to rapidly improve depressive symptoms of patients with MDD undergoing a single ECT session.There is a need for highquality RCTs.展开更多
The functions and system structure of DSA 1 Type direct shear apparatus were described, which is noted for its various functions, advanced techniques of multi desciplines. The apparatus adopted advanced measuring syst...The functions and system structure of DSA 1 Type direct shear apparatus were described, which is noted for its various functions, advanced techniques of multi desciplines. The apparatus adopted advanced measuring system and has high accuracy of testing data. It provide a new technical measure for the study of dynamic characteristics of bulk solid.展开更多
BACKGROUND The use of antidepressant therapy alone has a limited efficacy in patients with childhood trauma-associated major depressive disorder(MDD).However,the effectiveness of antidepressant treatment combined with...BACKGROUND The use of antidepressant therapy alone has a limited efficacy in patients with childhood trauma-associated major depressive disorder(MDD).However,the effectiveness of antidepressant treatment combined with psychodrama in these patients is unclear.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of antidepressant treatment combined with psychodrama.METHODS Patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD treated with antidepressants were randomly assigned to either the psychodrama intervention(observation group)or the general health education intervention(control group)and received combination treatment for 6 mo.The observation group received general health education given by the investigator together with the“semi-structured group intervention model”of Yi Shu psychodrama.A total of 46 patients were recruited,including 29 cases in the observation group and 17 cases in the control group.Symptoms of depression and anxiety as well as coping style and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were assessed before and after the intervention.RESULTS Symptoms of depression and anxiety,measured by the Hamilton Depression Scale,Beck Depression Inventory,and Beck Anxiety Inventory,were reduced after the intervention in both groups of patients.The coping style of the observation group improved significantly in contrast to the control group,which did not.In addition,an interaction between treatment and time in the right superior parietal gyrus node was found.Furthermore,functional connectivity between the right superior parietal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus in the observation group increased after the intervention,while in the control group the connectivity decreased.CONCLUSION This study supports the use of combined treatment with antidepressants and psychodrama to improve the coping style of patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD.Functional connectivity between the superior parietal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus was increased after this combined treatment.We speculate that psychodrama enhances the internal connectivity of the cognitive control network and corrects the negative attention bias of patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD.Elucidating the neurobiological features of patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD is important for the development of methods that can assist in early diagnosis and intervention.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the impact of family environment on only-children’s personality. Methods: Using cross-sectional design to recruit only-children aged 6 - 16 years old;using EPQ to evaluate the children’s person...Objective: To analyze the impact of family environment on only-children’s personality. Methods: Using cross-sectional design to recruit only-children aged 6 - 16 years old;using EPQ to evaluate the children’s personality. The general questionnaire, PSDQ (Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire), FAD-GFS (The General Functioning Scale of MacMaster family activity device), SLE(Stressful Life Events), FSQ (Family Stresses Questionnaire), FLQ (Family Life Questionnaire), EFQ (Everyday Feelings Questionnaire) were used to collect information about family environment from parents. Results: In only-child family, standardized regression equations of family environment influence on children personality include: 1) EPQ-p = 0.087 × SLE + 0.207 × father autocratic parenting + 0.131 × education of father + 0.110 × family type - 0.110 × role of discipline - 0.080 × parental attitude + 0.087 × family adaptability;2) EPQ-e = 0.105 × EFQ- 0.088 × SLE - 0.101 × family income;3) EPQ-n = 0.143 × SLE - 0.090 × family cohesion + 0.089 × family income + 0.117 × the orderly’s attitude - 0.138 × the child’s role experience of FLQ - 0.101 × parents shaping the behavior of children of FLQ and 4) EPQ - l = -0.136× SLE - 0.093 × relationship between parents - 0.155 × attitude of the old. Conclusion: It is important for children to develop personality normally if the father doesn’t choose autocratic parent style. Children tend to be optimistic if the parent can feel happy. The stressful life events are a double-blade sword depending on the parent’s handling. The difference of the parenting style can influence the lie-personality of children.展开更多
To investigate the effect of information transmission,Levy jumps and contact heterogeneity of individuals on the asymptotic behavior of epidemic,a stochastic SIQR epidemic model with non-monotone incidence rate and Le...To investigate the effect of information transmission,Levy jumps and contact heterogeneity of individuals on the asymptotic behavior of epidemic,a stochastic SIQR epidemic model with non-monotone incidence rate and Levy jumps on scale-free networks is constructed.At first,the global dynamics of the deterministic model is studied by constructing appropriate Lyapunov functions.Then the stochastic model is made in accordance with the ecological significance,the existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution of the stochastic SIQR model is manifested.Next,by constructing suitable stochastic Lyapunov functions and applying Ito formula with jump,the asymptotic behavior of solutions of stochastic model around equilibrium of the corresponding deterministic model is checked.At last,the correctness of the analytical results is verified by numerical simulations.展开更多
Background： Numerous studies have demonstrated that patients with Parkinson＆#39;s disease （PD） have a higher prevalence of substantia nigra （SN） hyperechogenicity compared with controls. Our aim was to explore t...Background： Numerous studies have demonstrated that patients with Parkinson＆#39;s disease （PD） have a higher prevalence of substantia nigra （SN） hyperechogenicity compared with controls. Our aim was to explore the neuroimaging characteristics of transcranial sonography （TCS） of patients with PD and those with PD with dementia （PDD）. The correlation between the echogenicity of the SN and clinical symptoms in Chinese patients with PDD was also assessed. Methods： The ratios of SN hyperechogenicity （SN＋）, maximum sizes of SN＋, and widths of third ventricle （TV） were measured using TCS for all the recruited patients. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, rank-sum test, Chi-square test, and receiver-operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis. Results： The final statistical analysis included 46 PDD patients, 52 PD patients, and 40 controls. There were no significant differences in ratios of SN＋ and maximum sizes of SN＋ between PDD and PD groups （P 〉 0.05）. TV widths were significantly larger in PDD group （7.1± 1.9 mm） than in PD group （6.0± 2.0 mm） and controls （5.9 ± 1.5 mm, P 〈 0.05）; however, the ratios of enlarged TV did not differ among the three groups （P = 0.059）. When cutoff value was set at 6.8 mm, the TV width had a relatively high sensitivity and specificity in discriminating between PDD and PD groups （P = 0.030） and between PDD group and controls （P = 0.003）, based on ROC curve analysis. In PDD patients, SN＋ was more frequently detected in akinetic-rigid subgroup, and patients with SN＋ showed significantly higher Hoehn and Yahr stage and Nonmotor Symptoms Questionnaire scores （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： Compared to Chinese patients with PD, patients with PDD had a wider TV, altered SN sonographic features, and more severe clinical symptoms. Our findings suggest that TCS can be used to assess brain atrophy in PD and may be useful in discriminating between PD with and without dementia.展开更多
To the Editor:Alterations of circadian rhythms seem to be the casual contribution to sleep disturbances,depression,and other non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease(PD).[1,2]By restoring the circadian rhythm,bri...To the Editor:Alterations of circadian rhythms seem to be the casual contribution to sleep disturbances,depression,and other non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease(PD).[1,2]By restoring the circadian rhythm,bright light therapy(BLT)might be a potentially new treatment option for PD.However,no studies have conclusively demonstrated the effects of BLT on the non-motor symptoms in PD.展开更多
基金supported by the Scientific Research Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hunan Province Chinese Medicine Research Administration Bureau in China,No.201136
文摘Huoxue Rongluo Tablet was made of tall gastrodis tuber, dahurian angelica root, honeysuckle stem, grassleaf sweetflag rhizome, common flowering quince fruit, figwort root, red peony root and peach seed at a ratio of 3：2：6：2：3：3：3：3. Huoxue Rongluo Tablet is a well-established and common pre- scription for the treatment of cerebral infarction. In this study, a rat model of cerebral ischemia was established and the animals were intragastrically administered Huoxue Rongluo Tablet. This treat- ment reduced infarct volume, decreased matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression, and improved neurological function. Moreover, the effects of Huoxue Rongluo Tablet were better than those of buflomedil pyridoxal phosphate. These results indicate that Huoxue Rongluo Tablet is effective in treating cerebral infarction by regulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein expression.
基金supported by the Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province, No. 2010463the National Science and Technology"12~(th) Five-years"Major Special-purpose Foundation,No.2011ZX09201-201-01
文摘After gene mutation, the pcDNA3.1/APP595/596 plasmid was transfected into HEK293 cells to establish a cell model of Alzheimer＇s disease. The cell model was treated with donepezil or compound Danshen tablets after culture for 72 hours. Reverse transcription-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of amyloid protein precursor decreased in all groups following culture for 24 hours, and that there was no significant difference in the amount of decrease between donepezil and compound Danshen tablets. Our results suggest that compound Danshen tablets can reduce expression of the mRNA for amyloid protein precursor in a transgenic cell model of Alzheimer＇s disease, with similar effects to donepezil.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, No. 2005(54)
文摘The ventral tegmental area and the locus coeruleus are associated with psychological and physical dependence of opioid addiction. To date, very little is known about brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and Bcl-2 gene and protein changes following morphine addiction. The present study utilized immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques, which revealed that there were increased BDNF levels, but decreased Bcl-2 levels in the prefrontal cortex, locus coeruleus, hippocampus, and the ventral tegmental area during morphine-dependence formation and abstinence. However, the levels of BDNF remained unchanged, and Bcl-2 expression was increased in the nucleus accumbens. These results showed that BDNF and Bcl-2 are involved in the development of morphine dependence, and precipitation of abstinence syndrome.
文摘Background The use of ketamine in electroconvulsive therapy(ECT)has been examined in the treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD);however,there has been no systematic review and meta-analysis of related randomised controlled trials(RCTs).Aim To examine the efficacy and safety of ketamine augmentation of ECT in MDD treatment.Methods Two reviewers searched Chinese(China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang)and English(PubMed,PsycINFO,Embase and Cochrane Library)databases from their inception to 23 July 2019.The included studies'bias risk was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool.The primary outcome of this metaanalysis was improved d印ressive symptoms at day 1 after a single ECT treatment session.Data were pooled to calculate the standardised mean difference and risk ratio with their 95%CIs using RevMan V.5.3.We used the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)approach to assess the whole quality of evidence.Results Four RCTs(n=239)compared ketamine alone or ketamine plus propofol(n=149)versus propofol alone(n=90)in patients with MDD who underwent a single ECT session.Three RCTs were considered as unclear risk with respect to random sequence generation using the Cochrane risk of bias.Compared with propofol alone,ketamine alone and the combination of ketamine and propofol had greater efficacy in the treatment of depressive symptoms at days 1,3 and 7 after a single ECT session.Moreover,compared with propofol alone,ketamine alone and the combination of ketamine and propofol were significantly associated with increased seizure duration and seizure energy index.Compared with propofol,ketamine alone was significantly associated with increased opening-eye time.Based on the GRADE approach,the evidence level of primary and secondary outcomes ranged from very low(26.7%,4/15)to‘low'(73.3%,11/15).Conclusion Compared with propofol,there were very low or low evidence levels showing that ketamine alone and the combination of ketamine and propofol appeared to rapidly improve depressive symptoms of patients with MDD undergoing a single ECT session.There is a need for highquality RCTs.
文摘The functions and system structure of DSA 1 Type direct shear apparatus were described, which is noted for its various functions, advanced techniques of multi desciplines. The apparatus adopted advanced measuring system and has high accuracy of testing data. It provide a new technical measure for the study of dynamic characteristics of bulk solid.
文摘BACKGROUND The use of antidepressant therapy alone has a limited efficacy in patients with childhood trauma-associated major depressive disorder(MDD).However,the effectiveness of antidepressant treatment combined with psychodrama in these patients is unclear.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of antidepressant treatment combined with psychodrama.METHODS Patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD treated with antidepressants were randomly assigned to either the psychodrama intervention(observation group)or the general health education intervention(control group)and received combination treatment for 6 mo.The observation group received general health education given by the investigator together with the“semi-structured group intervention model”of Yi Shu psychodrama.A total of 46 patients were recruited,including 29 cases in the observation group and 17 cases in the control group.Symptoms of depression and anxiety as well as coping style and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were assessed before and after the intervention.RESULTS Symptoms of depression and anxiety,measured by the Hamilton Depression Scale,Beck Depression Inventory,and Beck Anxiety Inventory,were reduced after the intervention in both groups of patients.The coping style of the observation group improved significantly in contrast to the control group,which did not.In addition,an interaction between treatment and time in the right superior parietal gyrus node was found.Furthermore,functional connectivity between the right superior parietal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus in the observation group increased after the intervention,while in the control group the connectivity decreased.CONCLUSION This study supports the use of combined treatment with antidepressants and psychodrama to improve the coping style of patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD.Functional connectivity between the superior parietal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus was increased after this combined treatment.We speculate that psychodrama enhances the internal connectivity of the cognitive control network and corrects the negative attention bias of patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD.Elucidating the neurobiological features of patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD is important for the development of methods that can assist in early diagnosis and intervention.
文摘Objective: To analyze the impact of family environment on only-children’s personality. Methods: Using cross-sectional design to recruit only-children aged 6 - 16 years old;using EPQ to evaluate the children’s personality. The general questionnaire, PSDQ (Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire), FAD-GFS (The General Functioning Scale of MacMaster family activity device), SLE(Stressful Life Events), FSQ (Family Stresses Questionnaire), FLQ (Family Life Questionnaire), EFQ (Everyday Feelings Questionnaire) were used to collect information about family environment from parents. Results: In only-child family, standardized regression equations of family environment influence on children personality include: 1) EPQ-p = 0.087 × SLE + 0.207 × father autocratic parenting + 0.131 × education of father + 0.110 × family type - 0.110 × role of discipline - 0.080 × parental attitude + 0.087 × family adaptability;2) EPQ-e = 0.105 × EFQ- 0.088 × SLE - 0.101 × family income;3) EPQ-n = 0.143 × SLE - 0.090 × family cohesion + 0.089 × family income + 0.117 × the orderly’s attitude - 0.138 × the child’s role experience of FLQ - 0.101 × parents shaping the behavior of children of FLQ and 4) EPQ - l = -0.136× SLE - 0.093 × relationship between parents - 0.155 × attitude of the old. Conclusion: It is important for children to develop personality normally if the father doesn’t choose autocratic parent style. Children tend to be optimistic if the parent can feel happy. The stressful life events are a double-blade sword depending on the parent’s handling. The difference of the parenting style can influence the lie-personality of children.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia(Grant 2021AAC03030).
文摘To investigate the effect of information transmission,Levy jumps and contact heterogeneity of individuals on the asymptotic behavior of epidemic,a stochastic SIQR epidemic model with non-monotone incidence rate and Levy jumps on scale-free networks is constructed.At first,the global dynamics of the deterministic model is studied by constructing appropriate Lyapunov functions.Then the stochastic model is made in accordance with the ecological significance,the existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution of the stochastic SIQR model is manifested.Next,by constructing suitable stochastic Lyapunov functions and applying Ito formula with jump,the asymptotic behavior of solutions of stochastic model around equilibrium of the corresponding deterministic model is checked.At last,the correctness of the analytical results is verified by numerical simulations.
文摘Background： Numerous studies have demonstrated that patients with Parkinson＆#39;s disease （PD） have a higher prevalence of substantia nigra （SN） hyperechogenicity compared with controls. Our aim was to explore the neuroimaging characteristics of transcranial sonography （TCS） of patients with PD and those with PD with dementia （PDD）. The correlation between the echogenicity of the SN and clinical symptoms in Chinese patients with PDD was also assessed. Methods： The ratios of SN hyperechogenicity （SN＋）, maximum sizes of SN＋, and widths of third ventricle （TV） were measured using TCS for all the recruited patients. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, rank-sum test, Chi-square test, and receiver-operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis. Results： The final statistical analysis included 46 PDD patients, 52 PD patients, and 40 controls. There were no significant differences in ratios of SN＋ and maximum sizes of SN＋ between PDD and PD groups （P 〉 0.05）. TV widths were significantly larger in PDD group （7.1± 1.9 mm） than in PD group （6.0± 2.0 mm） and controls （5.9 ± 1.5 mm, P 〈 0.05）; however, the ratios of enlarged TV did not differ among the three groups （P = 0.059）. When cutoff value was set at 6.8 mm, the TV width had a relatively high sensitivity and specificity in discriminating between PDD and PD groups （P = 0.030） and between PDD group and controls （P = 0.003）, based on ROC curve analysis. In PDD patients, SN＋ was more frequently detected in akinetic-rigid subgroup, and patients with SN＋ showed significantly higher Hoehn and Yahr stage and Nonmotor Symptoms Questionnaire scores （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： Compared to Chinese patients with PD, patients with PDD had a wider TV, altered SN sonographic features, and more severe clinical symptoms. Our findings suggest that TCS can be used to assess brain atrophy in PD and may be useful in discriminating between PD with and without dementia.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Jiangsu Provincial Key R&D Program(No.BE2018658)the Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline Project(No.ZDXKB2016022)+2 种基金Discipline Construction Program of the Second Affiliated Hospital Soochow University(No.XKTJ-XK202001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81801253)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK 20180214).
文摘To the Editor:Alterations of circadian rhythms seem to be the casual contribution to sleep disturbances,depression,and other non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease(PD).[1,2]By restoring the circadian rhythm,bright light therapy(BLT)might be a potentially new treatment option for PD.However,no studies have conclusively demonstrated the effects of BLT on the non-motor symptoms in PD.
