A New Solution to Intrusion Detection Systems Based on Improved Federated-Learning Chain

In the context of enterprise systems,intrusion detection(ID)emerges as a critical element driving the digital transformation of enterprises.With systems spanning various sectors of enterprises geographically dispersed,the necessity for seamless information exchange has surged significantly.The existing cross-domain solutions are challenged by such issues as insufficient security,high communication overhead,and a lack of effective update mechanisms,rendering them less feasible for prolonged application on resource-limited devices.This study proposes a new cross-domain collaboration scheme based on federated chains to streamline the server-side workload.Within this framework,individual nodes solely engage in training local data and subsequently amalgamate the final model employing a federated learning algorithm to uphold enterprise systems with efficiency and security.To curtail the resource utilization of blockchains and deter malicious nodes,a node administration module predicated on the workload paradigm is introduced,enabling the release of surplus resources in response to variations in a node’s contribution metric.Upon encountering an intrusion,the system triggers an alert and logs the characteristics of the breach,facilitating a comprehensive global update across all nodes for collective defense.Experimental results across multiple scenarios have verified the security and effectiveness of the proposed solution,with no loss of its recognition accuracy.

Research on the design method for uniform wear of shield cutters in sand-pebble strata

During shield tunneling in highly abrasive formations such as sand–pebble strata,nonuniform wear of shield cutters is inevitable due to the different cutting distances.Frequent downtimes and cutter replacements have become major obstacles to long-distance shield driving in sand–pebble strata.Based on the cutter wear characteristics in sand–pebble strata in Beijing,a design methodology for the cutterhead and cutters was established in this study to achieve uniform wear of all cutters by the principle of frictional wear.The applicability of the design method was verified through three-dimensional simulations using the engineering discrete element method.The results show that uniform wear of all cutters on the cutterhead could be achieved by installing different numbers of cutters on each trajectory radius and designing a curved spoke with a certain arch height according to the shield diameter.Under the uniform wear scheme,the cutter wear coefficient is greatly reduced,and the largest shield driving distance is increased by approximately 47%over the engineering scheme.The research results indicate that the problem of nonuniform cutter wear in shield excavation could be overcome,thereby providing guiding significance for theoretical innovation and construction of long-distance shield excavation in highly abrasive strata.

Logging identification method of depositional facies in Sinian Dengying Formation of the Sichuan Basin

The sedimentary facies/microfacies,which can be correlated with well logs,determine reservoir quality and hydrocarbon productivity in carbonate rocks.The identification and evaluation of sedimentary facies/microfacies using well logs are very important in order to effectively guide the exploration and development of oil and gas.Previous carbonate facies/microfacies identification methods based on conventional well log data often exist multiple solutions.This paper presents a new method of facies/microfacies identification based on core-conventional logs-electrical image log-geological model,and the method is applied in the fourth member of the Dengying Formation(Deng 4)in the Gaoshiti-Moxi area of the Sichuan Basin.Firstly,core data are used to calibrate different types of facies/microfacies,with the aim to systematically clarify the conventional and electrical image log responses for each type of facies/microfacies.Secondly,through the pair wise correlation analysis of conventional logs,GR,RT and CNL,are selected as sensitive curves to establish the microfacies discrimination criteria separately.Thirdly,five well logging response models and identification charts of facies/microfacies are established based on electrical image log.The sedimentary microfacies of 60 exploratory wells was analyzed individually through this method,and the microfacies maps of 4 layers of the Deng 4 Member were compiled,and the plane distribution of microfacies in the Gaoshiti-Moxi area of the Sichuan Basin was depicted.The comparative analysis of oil testing or production results of wells reveals three most favorable types of microfacies and they include algal psammitic shoal,algal agglutinate mound,and algal stromatolite mound,which provide a reliable technical support to the exploration,development and well deployment in the study area.

提高大学生专业认同感研究及其对国内大学的启示——以西弗吉尼亚大学(WVU)Mining Engineering为例

学生对所学专业的认同感是决定其专业热爱程度、学习积极性的重要影响因素。文章分析了国内矿业、安全类专业学生在专业认同感方面存在问题。阐述了国外高校在矿业工程学生专业认同感建立及培养方面的经验,提出了我国在"双一流"背景下培养采矿、安全类专业学生专业认同感的对策。

Prediction of ENSO using multivariable deep learning

本文基于残差神经网络和观测数据构建了一套深度学习多因子预报测模型,以改进厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)的预报.该模型基于最大信息系数进行因子时空特征提取,并根据泰勒图的评估标准可自动确定关键预报因子进行预报.该模型在超前8个月以内的预报性能要优于当前传统的业务预报模式.2011–2018年间,该模型的预报性能优于多模式集成预报的结果.在超前6个月预报时效上,模型预报相关性可达0.82,标准化后的均方根误差仅为0.58°C,多模式集成预报的相关性和标准化后的均方根误差分别为0.70和0.73°C.该模型春季预报障碍问题有所缓解,并且自动选取的关键预报因子可用于解释热带和副热带热动力过程对于ENSO变化的影响.

Comparative Study of the Rock-breaking Mechanism of a Disc Cutter and Wedge Tooth Cutter by Discrete Element Modelling

The operation of a shield tunnel boring machine(TBM)in a high-strength hard rock stratum results in significant cutter damage,adversely affecting the thrust and torque of the cutter head.Therefore,it is very important to carry out the research on the stress characteristics and optimize the cutter parameters of cutters break high-strength hard rock.In this paper,the rock-breaking performance of cutters in an andesite stratum in the tunnel of Qingdao Metro Line No.8 was investigated using the discrete element method and theoretical analysis.The rock-breaking processes of a disc cutter and wedge tooth cutter were simulated by software particle flow code PFC^(3D),and the rock-breaking degree,stress of the cutter,and rock-breaking specific energy were analyzed.The rock damage caused by the cutter in a specific section was divided into three stages:the advanced influence,crushing,and stabilizing stages.The rock-breaking degree and the tangential and normal forces of the wedge tooth cutter are larger than that of the disc cutter under the same conditions.The disc cutter(wedge tooth cutter)has the highest rock-breaking efficiency at a cutter spacing of 100 mm(110 mm)and a penetration depth of 8 mm(10 mm),and the rock-breaking specific energy is 11.48 MJ/m^(3)(12.05 MJ/m^(3)).Therefore,two types of cutters with different penetration depths or cutter spacing should be considered.The number of teeth of wedge tooth cutters can be increased in hard strata to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the shield.The research results provide a reference for shield cutterhead selection and cutter layout in similar projects.

Transcriptome sequencing and experiments reveal the effect of formyl peptide receptor 2 on liver homeostasis

BACKGROUND Formyl peptide receptor 2(Fpr2)is an important receptor in host resistance to bacterial infections.In previous studies,we found that the liver of Fpr2-/-mice is the most severely damaged target organ in bloodstream infections,although the reason for this is unclear.AIM To investigate the role of Fpr2 in liver homeostasis and host resistance to bacterial infections.METHODS Transcriptome sequencing was performed on the livers of Fpr2-/-and wild-type(WT)mice.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in the Fpr2-/-and WT mice,and the biological functions of DEGs were analyzed by Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis.Quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and western blot(WB)analyses were used to further validate the expression levels of differential genes.Cell counting kit-8 assay was employed to investigate cell survival.The cell cycle detection kit was used to measure the distribution of cell cycles.The Luminex assay was used to analyze cytokine levels in the liver.The serum biochemical indices and the number of neutrophils in the liver were measured,and hepatic histopathological analysis was performed.RESULTS Compared with the WT group,445 DEGs,including 325 upregulated genes and 120 downregulated genes,were identified in the liver of Fpr2-/-mice.The enrichment analysis using GO and KEGG showed that these DEGs were mainly related to cell cycle.The qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that several key genes(CycA,CycB1,Cdc20,Cdc25c,and Cdk1)involved in the cell cycle had significant changes.The WB analysis confirmed a decrease in the expression of CDK1 protein.WRW4(an antagonist of Fpr2)could inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a concentration dependent manner,with an increase in the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase,and a decrease in the number of cells in the S phase.Serum alanine aminotransferase levels increased in Fpr2-/-mice.The Luminex assay measurements showed that interleukin(IL)-10 and chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand(CXCL)-1 levels were significantly reduced in the liver of Fpr2-/-mice.There was no difference in the number of neutrophils,serum C-reactive protein levels,and liver pathology between WT and Fpr2-/-mice.CONCLUSION Fpr2 participates in the regulation of cell cycle and cell proliferation,and affects the expression of IL-10 and CXCL-1,thus playing an important protective role in maintaining liver homeostasis.

Upregulation of β-catenin signaling represents a single common pathway leading to the various phenotypes of spinal degeneration and pain

Spine degeneration is an aging-related disease,but its molecular mechanisms remain unknown,although elevatedβ-catenin signaling has been reported to be involved in intervertebral disc degeneration.Here,we determined the role ofβ-catenin signaling in spinal degeneration and in the homeostasis of the functional spinal unit(FSU),which includes the intervertebral disc,vertebra and facet joint and is the smallest physiological motion unit of the spine.We showed that pain sensitivity in patients with spinal degeneration is highly correlated withβ-catenin protein levels.We then generated a mouse model of spinal degeneration by transgenic expression of constitutively activeβ-catenin in Col2^(+) cells.We found thatβ-catenin-TCF7 activated the transcription of CCL2,a known critical factor in osteoarthritic pain.Using a lumbar spine instability model,we showed that aβ-catenin inhibitor relieved low back pain.Our study indicates thatβ-catenin plays a critical role in maintaining spine tissue homeostasis,its abnormal upregulation leads to severe spinal degeneration,and its targeting could be an avenue to treat this condition.

Coupling effects of temperature,confining pressure,and pore pressure on permeability and average pore size of Longmaxi shale

The evolution due to temperature and pressure of shale reservoir permeability affects the productivity evaluation and development decision of shale gas reservoirs,which is very important for the exploration and development of unconventional gas reservoirs.This study analyzed the coupling effects of temperature(25,50,and 75°C),effective stress(15 and 30 MPa),and pore pressure(0.5,2.0,4.0,and 8.0 MPa)on the permeability of the shale sample in the Longmaxi Formation.As the temperature and pressure increased,the apparent permeability exhibited a downward trend,and the absolute permeability decreased with the rise of temperature or effective stress.An in‐depth analysis of the gas slippage factors under the conditions of different temperature and pressure was conducted to evaluate the trend of the average pore width with temperature and pressure.The results were then verified by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results provide new insights into evaluating the permeability of the Longmaxi shale and can be used to enhance the gas recovery rate of deep shale gas reservoirs.

Scientific publications on orthopedic surgery from three major East Asian countries(2012-2021)

BACKGROUND East Asia is the most dynamic region in the world and includes three major countries:Japan,South Korea and China.Due to rapid economic growth,orthopedics research in East Asia has achieved great advances during the past 10 years.However,the current status of orthopedic research in Japan,South Korea and China is still unclear.AIM To understand the current status of orthopedic research in Japan,South Korea,and China.METHODS Journals listed in the“Orthopedics”category of Science Citation Index Expanded subject categories were included.The PubMed and Web of Knowledge electronic databases were searched to identify scientific publications from the selected journals written by researchers from Japan,South Korea and China.A systematic analysis was conducted to analyze orthopedic research articles published in the three countries based on the number of articles,study design,impact factors(IFs)and citations.Furthermore,we also ranked the top 10 countries worldwide with the highest publications in the past 10 years.Additionally,we ranked the top 10 countries with the highest number of publications in the world in the past 10 years.Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0 software(SPSS Inc.,Chicago,IL,United States),and statistical results are given in Tables and Figures.The Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test were used to detect differences between countries.The tendency regarding the number of articles was analyzed by curvilinear regression.A two-tailed P<0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS From 2012-2021,a total of 144518 articles were published in the 86 selected orthopedic journals.During this period,the number of worldwide published orthopedic articles has shown an annual increasing trend.A total of 27164 orthopedic research articles were published by Japan,South Korea and China during the past 10 years;44.32%were from China,32.98%were from Japan,and 22.70%were from South Korea.From 2012 to 2021,the annual number of articles markedly increased in each of the three countries.Over time,the worldwide share of articles increased substantially in South Korea(3.37%to 6.53%,P<0.001)and China(5.29%to 9.61%,P<0.001).However,the worldwide share of articles significantly decreased in Japan(5.22%to 3.80%,P<0.001).The annual total IFs of articles from China were well above those of articles from Japan and South Korea(36597.69 vs 27244.48 vs 20657.83,P<0.05).There was no significant difference among the articles in the top 10 high-IF orthopedics journals published from those three countries[South Korea(800)>China(787)>Japan(646),P>0.05].CONCLUSION Over the past 10 years,China’s scientific publications in orthopedic journals have shown an increasing trend.Considering the relative scale of the populations,Japan and South Korea have outpaced China with respect to quality.

恒古骨伤愈合剂在胫骨中下段骨折术后的应用及作用机制

目的:探讨恒古骨伤愈合剂在胫骨中下段骨折术后的应用价值及作用机制。方法:胫骨中下段骨折患者65例,随机分为2组,恒古骨伤愈合剂组32例、桃红四物汤组33例。2组患者均采用微创经皮锁定加压钢板内固定手术治疗,手术均由同一组医生完成。术后第1天开始,恒古骨伤愈合剂组患者予以恒古骨伤愈合剂口服,每次25 mL,每2日1次;桃红四物汤组患者予以桃红四物汤口服,每日1剂,每日早晚各1次;共服用4周。记录术后患肢肿胀消退时间、瘀斑消失时间及骨折愈合时间。分别于服药前和服药4周后,采用疼痛视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)对患肢疼痛情况进行评分;检测患者血清中碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、骨钙素(bone gla-protein,BGP)及Ⅰ型前胶原羧基末端前肽(carboxy terminal propeptide of typeⅠprocollagen,PⅠCP)含量。术后12个月,参照Johner-Wruhs胫骨骨折疗效评价标准评价综合疗效。结果:65例患者均顺利完成手术和术后治疗;均获随访,随访时间12~26个月,中位数18个月。恒古骨伤愈合剂组,术后患肢肿胀消退时间、瘀斑消失时间及骨折愈合时间均短于桃红四物汤组[(15.03±2.29)d,(18.52±3.51)d,t=-4.722,P=0.000;(19.09±2.96)d,(24.09±3.23)d,t=-6.497,P=0.000;(22.47±3.32)周,(26.79±2.89)周,t=-5.597,P=0.000]。服药前,2组患者患肢疼痛VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.995,P=0.324);服药4周后,2组患者患肢疼痛VAS评分均较服药前降低[(7.28±0.77)分,(2.75±0.76)分,t=26.070,P=0.000;(7.06±0.99)分,(3.18±0.85)分,t=17.913,P=0.000],且恒古骨伤愈合剂组患肢疼痛VAS评分低于桃红四物汤组(t=-2.160,P=0.035)。服药前,2组患者血清ALP、BGP、PⅠCP含量比较,组间差异均无统计学意义(t=-0.344,P=0.732;t=0.653,P=0.561;t=0.283,P=0.778);服药4周后,2组患者血清ALP、BGP含量较服药前增加、PⅠCP含量较服药前降低[恒古骨伤愈合剂组:(74.88±6.43)单位·L^-1,(128.91±10.10)单位·L^-1,t=-26.581,P=0.000;(2.26±0.39)μg·L^-1,(3.76±0.50)μg·L^-1,t=-11.789,P=0.000;(121.06±10.49)μg·L^-1,(67.13±6.23)μg·L^-1,t=23.366,P=0.000;桃红四物汤组:(75.45±7.12)单位·L^-1,(112.33±7.86)单位·L^-1,t=-20.542,P=0.000;(2.20±0.37)μg·L^-1,(3.15±0.49)μg·L^-1,t=-9.010,P=0.000;(120.27±11.90)μg·L^-1,(77.33±7.74)μg·L^-1,t=16.951,P=0.000],且恒古骨伤愈合剂组血清ALP、BGP含量高于桃红四物汤组(t=7.395,P=0.000;t=4.987,P=0.000)、PⅠCP含量低于桃红四物汤组(t=-5.844,P=0.000)。术后12个月参照上述疗效评价标准,恒古骨伤愈合剂组优19例、良11例、可2例,桃红四物汤组优16例、良9例、可8例,恒古骨伤愈合剂组的综合疗效优于桃红四物汤组(Z=-6.377,P=0.000)。结论:恒古骨伤愈合剂用于胫骨中下段骨折的术后治疗,可缓解患肢疼痛,促进术后患肢肿胀消退、瘀斑消失及骨折愈合,综合疗效优于桃红四物汤;其作用机制可能与提高患者血清中ALP、BGP含量、降低血清中PⅠCP含量,调节骨代谢有关。

单侧穿刺囊袋加压椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性骨折

目的探讨单侧穿刺囊袋加压椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性骨折的临床疗效。方法对35例胸腰椎骨质疏松性骨折患者行单侧穿刺囊袋加压椎体成形术治疗。观察骨水泥渗漏情况、疼痛VAS评分和伤椎椎体高度恢复情况。结果患者均顺利完成手术。手术时间35~96(52.20±15.59)min;术中出血量2~15(6.06±2.66)ml。未出现骨水泥渗漏及肺栓塞。患者均获得随访,时间12~24(17.00±3.33)个月。术后3 d、术后1个月及末次随访时,VAS评分较术前明显下降(P<0.05),伤椎椎体前缘、中部高度比及Cobb角较术前明显改善(P<0.05)。结论单侧穿刺囊袋加压椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性骨折具有微创、骨水泥渗漏率低、疗效确切的优点,但其安全性仍需大样本进行远期观察。

Based on Adaptive Backstepping Error Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) displays chaotic phenomenon when PMSM in power on or power off. At present, there are many methods to control chaos in PMSM. However, there appears oscillation in course of control chaos in PMSM, which has an effect on practical application. This paper proposes error control based on adaptive backstepping to control chaos in PMSM;an error control item is added in each step virtual control design which has control effect of unknown dynamical error on system. This scheme can eliminate oscillation in course of control chaos. Finally, the simulation results show the effectiveness of theoretical analysis.

激素治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离的研究现状

糖皮质激素作为脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离手术前后的辅助治疗药物,其控制炎症、改善脉络膜脱离效果明显,为手术的开展创造良好的条件,但其对术后视网膜复位率和视功能改善的作用眼科学者各持己见。关于术前激素使用与否、使用时间和使用方式,眼科界一直存在争议。本文将对相关知识进行综述,以期为临床治疗提供更加准确。

Activation of paternally expressed imprinted genes in newly derived germline-competent mouse parthenogenetic embryonic stem cell lines

单性生殖的胚胎的茎(足) 细胞为学习位于印的 genomic 下面的分子的机制提供一个珍贵试管内模型系统。然而，足房间的 thepluripotency 和父亲一般地表示的印的基因的表示侧面一直不是充分探索了。在这研究，三根老鼠足房间线被建立，在扩大文化的这些房间的区别潜力被评估。无差别的房间有正常核型和同型结合的染色体，并且表示了 ES-cell-specific 分子的标记。房间在超过 50 个段落以后仍然保持无差别并且展出了 pluripotentdifferentiation 能力。确定的 ES 房间的所有三根线生产了 teratomas；ES 房间的二根线生产了怪物和细菌线传播。而且，在这些房间的父亲一般地表示的印的基因 Snrpn， U2af1-rs1， Peg3，影响， Zfp127， Dlk1 和 Mest 的激活被检测。父亲一般地表示的印的基因被发现在单性生殖的联盟者的胚囊阶段被表示的一些激活胚胎试管内，他们的表示水平与扩大的足细胞培养增加了。而且，我们在足房间的这些父亲一般地表示的印的基因的激活在 ther 的甲基化与一个变化被联系的数据表演鼓舞了差别 methylated 区域。这些调查结果为足房间的 thepluripotency 提供直接证据并且在足房间表明在脱氧核糖核酸甲基化模式和父亲一般地表示的印的基因的激活之间的协会。因此，确定的 ES 房间线为在哺乳动物的开发学习 epigenetic 规定提供一个珍贵模型。

A new three-dimensional Hoek-Brown strength criterion

The Hoek-Brown （HB） strength criterion has been widely applied to the estimation of strength of intact rock and rock mass, while evolving ever since. However, negligence of the effect of the intermediate principal stress still remains in the criterion＇s latest version. At the same time, several three-dimensional （3D） HB strength, which can takes into account the influence of the intermediate principal stress, have already been proposed, among which the 3D HB criterion proposed by Zhang and Zhu seems to be the most reasonable one. However, the Zhang 3D HB criterion may have problems with some stress path close to triaxial extension state because of the non-convexity characteristic of its failure surface. In this paper, a new 3D HB strength criterion is presented based on a generalized form of the HB criterion, which also considers the effect of the intermediate principal stress and inherits all the merits of the original version of the HB criterion. In addition, this new criterion can remedy to some extent the shortcomings observed in the Zhang 3D HB criterion. Polyaxial tests for five different rocks from pub- lished literatures are used for evaluating this new criterion and comparing it with the Zhang 3D HB criterion. The re- sults show that this new criterion may over-predict or under- predict the polyaxial strength of rocks but the errors are rela- tively small, and similar results are also found for the Zhang 3D HB criterion, which one is better depends on the type of the rock under estimation.

Genetic analysis and fine-mapping of a dwarfing with withered leaf-tip mutant in rice

A dwarf mutant of rice （Oryza sativa L.） by mutagenesis of ethylene methylsulfonate （EMS） treatment from Nipponbare was identified. The mutant exhibited phenotypes of dwarfism and withered leaf tip （dwll）. Based on the intemode length of dwll, this mutant belongs to the dm type of dwarfing. Analysis of elongation of the second sheath and m-amylase activity in endosperm showed that the phenotype caused by dwll was insensitive to gibberellin acid treatment. Using a large F2 population derived from a cross between the dwll and an indica rice variety, TN1, the DWL1 gene was mapped to the terminal region of the long arm of chromosome 3. Fine-mapping delimited it into a 46 kb physical distance between two STS markers, HL921 and HL944, where 6 open reading frames were predicted. Cloning of DWL1 will contribute to dissecting molecular mechanism that regulates plant height in rice, which will be beneficial to molecular assisted selection of this important trait.

Exercise-induced irisin in bone and systemic irisin administration reveal new regulatory mechanisms of bone metabolism

Irisin is a polypeptide hormone derived from the proteolytic cleavage of fibronectin-type III domain- containing 5 （FNDC5） protein. Once released to circulation upon exercise or cold exposure, irisin stimulates browning of white adipose tissue （WAT） and uncoupling protein I （UCP1） expression, leading to an increase in total body energy expenditure by augmented UCPl-mediated thermogenesis. It is currently unknown whether irisin is secreted by bone upon exercise or whether it regulates bone metabolism in vivo. In this study, we found that 2 weeks of voluntary wheel-running exercise induced high levels of FNDC5 messenger RNA as well as FNDC5/irisin protein expression in murine bone tissues. Increased immunoreactivity due to exercise-induced FNDC5/irisin expression was detected in different regions of exercised femoral bones, including growth plate, trabecular bone, cortical bone, articular cartilage, and bone-tendon interface. Exercise also increased expression of osteogenic markers in bone and that of UCP1 in WAT, and led to bodyweight loss. Irisin intraperitoneal （IP） administration resulted in increased trabecular and cortical bone thickness and osteoblasts numbers, and concurrently induced UCP1 expression in subcutaneous WAT. Lentiviral FNDC5 IP administration increased cortical bone thickness. In vitro studies in bone cells revealed irisin increases osteoblastogenesis and mineralization, and inhibits receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand （RANKL）- induced osteoclastogenesis. Taken together, our findings show that voluntary exercise increases irisin production in bone, and that an increase in circulating irisin levels enhances osteogenesis in mice.

成人支气管异物的支气管镜下表现和介入治疗方式探讨

目的探讨成人支气管异物支气管镜下表现和介入治疗方式。方法回顾性分析空军军医大学唐都医院呼吸与危重症医学科2014年1月-2019年4月129例经支气管镜检查确诊的成人支气管异物患者支气管镜下表现、介入治疗方式及预后等临床资料。结果129例患者中,88例为局麻经鼻进镜,33例患者全麻完成检查治疗,8例患者局麻下发现异物后经全麻下取出异物。取出异物的128例患者中,29例直视下可见异物,未造成管壁管腔黏膜改变;65例直视下见部分异物伴周围肉芽组织增生;23例管壁肉芽组织生长致管腔堵塞,清除部分肉芽后异物暴露;6例患者气道分泌物致管腔堵塞,吸除分泌物后见异物;4例异物嵌顿;1例超细支气管镜下未见异常,后经支气管内超声导向鞘引导(EBUS-GS)探及明显边界回声灶,活检钳钳夹确定为异物。129例异物患者中取出128例,镜下吸引取出2例。使用一种介入手段取出95例,较为常用的手段包括冷冻(28例)、活检钳(27例)、异物钳(25例)、异物网篮(10例);使用两种介入手段取出25例,最常用的手段包括活检钳+冷冻(11例);使用三种及以上介入手段取出6例。所有患者术后无出血、气胸、穿孔及窒息等严重并发症发生。所有患者中124例痊愈,1例因本身合并气道狭窄,多次镜下治疗后病情好转,3例异物吸入时间过长导致原异物所在部位形成局部支气管扩张,1例患者因全麻支气管镜下采用多种方式仍无法取出异物,建议手术,患者家属放弃治疗。结论支气管镜检查是诊断及治疗成人支气管异物安全有效的方法,值得推广。