哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)是一种蛋白激酶,在体内主要参与营养水平、生长代谢的调节。mTOR是癌症、衰老和其他代谢相关病理性疾病的重要靶点,参与了增殖、转分化、自噬等多种生物学过程。眼被认为是...哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)是一种蛋白激酶,在体内主要参与营养水平、生长代谢的调节。mTOR是癌症、衰老和其他代谢相关病理性疾病的重要靶点,参与了增殖、转分化、自噬等多种生物学过程。眼被认为是具有免疫特权的区域,由于血管系统会影响视力,眼的血管系统位于中心光路以外。眼的许多区域都有将免疫细胞运输至发育不良、受损或衰老有关的病变部位的机制。尽管免疫应答主要是为了修复或保护自身,但是免疫细胞可能会分泌一些细胞因子,导致炎症或纤维化,进而损害视力。研究证实,mTOR与翼状胬肉、年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)、青光眼、白内障、糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)、眼部肿瘤等多种眼病密切相关。目前,mTOR抑制剂通常被用作免疫抑制剂,用于癌症的治疗,但mTOR抑制剂用于眼部疾病的报道尚少。因此,该文就mTOR信号通路在相关眼科疾病中的作用、调控机制、药物治疗等方面进行简要综述,为相关眼科疾病的病理机制与治疗提供思路,以便后续开展更深入的研究。展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze effects of antimicrobial peptides added to the diet of Tan sheep on their production, slaughter performance and blood composition. [Methods] Ninety two four-month-old Ta...[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze effects of antimicrobial peptides added to the diet of Tan sheep on their production, slaughter performance and blood composition. [Methods] Ninety two four-month-old Tan sheep were randomly divided into two treatment groups according to their body weight, 46 in each group. The control check group(CK) was feed with conventional diet, and the experimental group was fed with the addition of antimicrobial peptide on the basis of the conventional diet, with the added amount of 2.5 g/sheep per day. The experimental period was 60 d. [Results] The incidence rate was 75.06% lower in the experimental group than in the CK. The average daily weight gain per sheep was 11.27% higher in the experimental group than in the CK(P<0.05). The feed conversion ratio was 8.45% lower in the experimental group than in the CK(P<0.05). The average daily gross profit per sheep was 12.12% higher in the experimental group than in the CK. For slaughter performance, the data difference of each item was not significant. The PH at 45 min and 24 h after slaughter was within the normal range of fresh mutton. The cooked meat percentage and water loss rate showed no significant differences(P>0.05). The marbling ranged from 2.45 to 2.50, indicating that the fat content was moderate, and the difference between groups was not significant(P>0.05). The flesh color ranged from 3.00 to 3.15, between light red and bright red, belonging to the normal color of mutton, and the difference between groups was not significant(P>0.05). The shear force was between 2.50 and 2.65, without a significant difference between groups(P>0.05). The white blood cells, lymphocytes and platelets in the experimental group were lower than those in the CK(P<0.01). The erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the erythrocyte group were higher than those in the CK(P<0.05). The neutrophils and monocytes in the experimental group were lower than those in the CK(P<0.05). [Conclusions] This study provides a technical basis for the rational use of antimicrobial peptides and their application in ruminants.展开更多
基金Supported by Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation Group Science and Technology Innovation ProjectNew Feed Technology Promotion Project of Ningxia Agriculture and Rural DepartmentNingxia Feed Industry Expert Technical Service Group Project。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze effects of antimicrobial peptides added to the diet of Tan sheep on their production, slaughter performance and blood composition. [Methods] Ninety two four-month-old Tan sheep were randomly divided into two treatment groups according to their body weight, 46 in each group. The control check group(CK) was feed with conventional diet, and the experimental group was fed with the addition of antimicrobial peptide on the basis of the conventional diet, with the added amount of 2.5 g/sheep per day. The experimental period was 60 d. [Results] The incidence rate was 75.06% lower in the experimental group than in the CK. The average daily weight gain per sheep was 11.27% higher in the experimental group than in the CK(P<0.05). The feed conversion ratio was 8.45% lower in the experimental group than in the CK(P<0.05). The average daily gross profit per sheep was 12.12% higher in the experimental group than in the CK. For slaughter performance, the data difference of each item was not significant. The PH at 45 min and 24 h after slaughter was within the normal range of fresh mutton. The cooked meat percentage and water loss rate showed no significant differences(P>0.05). The marbling ranged from 2.45 to 2.50, indicating that the fat content was moderate, and the difference between groups was not significant(P>0.05). The flesh color ranged from 3.00 to 3.15, between light red and bright red, belonging to the normal color of mutton, and the difference between groups was not significant(P>0.05). The shear force was between 2.50 and 2.65, without a significant difference between groups(P>0.05). The white blood cells, lymphocytes and platelets in the experimental group were lower than those in the CK(P<0.01). The erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the erythrocyte group were higher than those in the CK(P<0.05). The neutrophils and monocytes in the experimental group were lower than those in the CK(P<0.05). [Conclusions] This study provides a technical basis for the rational use of antimicrobial peptides and their application in ruminants.
文摘目的:探讨血清天冬酰胺内肽酶(legumain,LGMN)与急性大动脉粥样硬化(large-artery atherosclerosis,LAA)型卒中患者早期神经功能恶化(early neurological deterioration,END)间的相关性。方法:前瞻性纳入334例急性LAA型卒中患者,检测其血清LGMN水平。END定义为入院3 d内任意时间点复评美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分较入院时增加≥2分。将患者按照入院后有无发生END进行分组比较,建立Logistic回归模型分析确定END发生的独立危险因素。采用受试者操作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清LGMN预测患者发生END的价值。结果:334例LAA型卒中患者中有78例(23.4%)发生END,作为END组,余256例为非END组。单因素结果分析显示,END组的LGMN水平、年龄、合并疾病(高血压、糖尿病、高血脂)比例、存在易损斑块的比例、入院收缩压水平、入院NIHSS评分和空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、超敏C反应蛋白水平均高于非END组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。END患者中,中度狭窄组(7.05μg/L)及闭塞组(6.80μg/L)的血清LGMN水平显著低于重度狭窄组(8.66μg/L)(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清LGMN水平升高是患者发生END的独立危险因素[优势比(odds ratio,OR)=1.309,95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)为1.188~1.441,P<0.001],其他危险因素还包括存在易损斑块、入院收缩压高、糖化血红蛋白水平高以及入院NIHSS评分高。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清LGMN预测END的曲线下面积为0.715(95%CI为0.663~0.763,P<0.001),此时最佳临界值为6.73μg/L。结论:LGMN水平升高是急性LAA型卒中患者发生END的独立危险因素,可能可作为预测END的新型生物标志物。
