Chinese expert consensus on cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal malignancies

Locoregional spread of abdominopelvic malignant tumors frequently results in peritoneal carcinomatosis(PC). The prognosis of PC patients treated by conventional systemic chemotherapy is poor, with a median survival of < 6 mo. However, over the past three decades, an integrated treatment strategy of cytoreductive surgery(CRS) + hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC) has been developed by the pioneering oncologists, with proved efficacy and safety in selected patients. Supported by several lines of clinical evidence from phases Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ clinical trials, CRS + HIPEC has been regarded as the standard treatment for selected patients with PC in many established cancer centers worldwide. In China, an expert consensus on CRS + HIPEC has been reached by the leading surgical and medical oncologists, under the framework of the China Anti-Cancer Association. This expert consensus has summarized the progress in PC clinical studies and systematically evaluated the CRS + HIPEC procedures in China as well as across the world, so as to lay the foundation for formulating PC treatment guidelines specific to the national conditions of China.

Effect of ion-beam assisted deposition on the film stresses of TiO_2 and SiO_2 and stress control

Based on Hartmann-Shack sensor technique, an online thin film stress measuring system was introduced to measure the film stresses of TiO2 and SiO2, and comparison was made between the film stresses prepared respectively by the conventional process and the ion-beam assisted deposition. The effect of ion-beam assisted deposition on the film stresses of TiO2 and SiO2 was investigated in details, and the stress control methodologies using on-line adjustment and film doping were put forward. The results show that the film stress value of TiO2 prepared by ion-beam assisted deposition is 40 MPa lower than that prepared by conventional process, and the stress of TiO2 film changes gradually from tensile stress into compressive stress with increasing ion energy; while the film stress of SiO2 is a tensile stress under ion-beam assisted deposition because of the ion-beam sputtering effect, and the film refractive index decreases with increasing ion energy. A dynamic film stress control can be achieved through in-situ adjustment of the processing parameters based on the online film stress measuring technique, and the intrinsic stress of film can be effectively changed through film doping.

Biased Immunoglobulin Genes Rearrangement in Mantle Cell Lymphoma： Hints to Identify the Normal B-cell Counterpart

Mantle cell lymphoma （MCL） is an aggressive nonHodgkin＇s lymphoma, originating from naive B-cells. The blastoid MCL tumors often show complex cytogenetic aberrations. In this review, we summarized the data available on immunoglobulin heavy-chain （IgH） genes rearrangement for their importance in suggesting the MCL normal counterpart B-cell. Some new data suggesting an antigen selection process were also presented in this review.

Compliance among infants exposed to hepatitis B virus in a post-vaccination serological testing program in four provinces in China

Background:Mother to child transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV)remains the most common form of HBV infection in China.Prevention of HBV vertical transmission involves timely administration of the complete hepatitis B vaccine(HepB)series and hepatitis B immunoglobulin.Post-vaccination serological testing(PVST)is utilized to determine an infant's outcome after HBV exposure and completion of HepB series.We aim to determine the frequency of compliance with a PVST testing cascade for HBV infected mothers and analyze factors associated with infant lost to follow up(LTFU).Methods:We conducted a retrospeaive cohort review of previously collected data in Fujian,Jiangxi,Zhejiang and Chongqing provinces in China from 1 June 2016-31 December 2017.The study population included all HBV-exposed infants and their mothers.SAS software was used for statistical analyses.Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses(presented in odds ratio[OR]with 95%confidence intervals[CI])were used to compare the proportional differences of factors associated with PVST not being completed.Results:Among enrolled 8474 target infants,40%of them transferred out of the study provinces without further information and 4988 were eligible for PVST.We found 20%(994)of infants were not compliant with the testing cascade:55%of LTFU occurred because parents refused venous blood sample collection or failure of sample collection in the field,16%transferred out after 6 months of age,and 10%of families chose to have independent,confidential PVST completed without reporting results.High PVST noncompliance rates were more likely to be from Fujian(aOR=17.0,95%CI:9.7-29.9),Zhejiang(aOR=5.7,95%Cl:3.2-10.1)and Jiangxi(aOR=1.9,95%CI:1.0-3.4),and from HBV e antigen positive mother(aOR=1.2,95%CI:1.1-1.4).Conclusions:This study found that the LTFU rate reached 20%in PVST program,which was a significant problem.We recommend implementing a national elearonic information system for tracking HBV at risk mother-infant pairs;encourage further research in developing a less invasive means of completing PVST,and take effective measures nationally to reduce HBV stigma.Without reducing the loss to follow up rate among infants eligible for PVST,elimination of vertical HBV transmission will be impossible.

Implementing the communication for development strategy to improve knowledge and coverage of measles vaccination in western Chinese immunization programs:a before-and-after evaluation

Background:Communication for Development(C4D)is a strategy promoted by the United Nations Children’s Fund to foster positive and measurable changes at the individual,family,community,social,and policy levels of society.In western China,C4D activities have previously been conducted as part of province-level immunization programs.In this study,we evaluated the association of C4D with changes in parental knowledge of immunization services,measles disease,and measles vaccine,and changes in their children’s measles vaccine coverage.Methods:From April 2013 to April 2014,C4D activities were implemented as part of provincial immunization programs in the Inner Mongolia,Guangxi,Chongqing,Guizhou,Tibet,Shaanxi,Gansu,Ningxia,and Qinghai provinces.We used a before-and-after study design and employed face-to-face interviews to assess changes in parental knowledge and vaccination coverage.Results:We surveyed 2107 households at baseline and 2070 households after 1 year of C4D activities.Following C4D,95%of caregivers were aware of the vaccination record check requirement for entry into kindergarten and primary school;80%of caregivers were aware that migrant children were eligible for free vaccination;more than 70%of caregivers knew that measles is a respiratory infectious disease;and 90%of caregivers knew the symptoms of measles.Caregivers’willingness to take their children to the clinic for vaccination increased from 51.3%at baseline to 67.4%in the post-C4D survey.Coverage of one-dose measles-containing vaccine(MCV)increased from 83.8%at baseline to 90.1%after C4D.One-dose MCV coverage was greater than 95%in the Guangxi,Shaanxi,and Gansu provinces.Two-dose MCV coverage increased from 68.5 to 77.6%.House-to-house communication was the most popular C4D activity among caregivers(91.6%favoring),followed by posters and educational talks(64.8 and 49.9%favoring).Conclusions:C4D is associated with increased caregiver knowledge about measles,increased willingness to seek immunization services for their children,and increased measles vaccination coverage.Tailored communication strategies based on insights gained from these analyses may be able to increase vaccination coverage in hard-to-reach areas.C4D should be considered for larger scale implementation in China.