Shared and distinct abnormalities of brain magnetization transfer ratio in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder:a comparative voxel-based meta-analysis

Background:Patients with schizophrenia(SCZ)and major depressive disorder(MDD)share significant clinical overlap,although it remains unknown to what extent this overlap reflects shared neural profiles.To identify the shared and specific abnormalities in SCZ and MDD,we performed a whole-brain voxel-based meta-analysis using magnetization transfer imaging,a technique that characterizes the macromolecular structural integrity of brain tissue in terms of the magnetization transfer ratio(MTR).Methods:A systematic search based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was conducted in PubMed,EMBASE,International Scientific Index(ISI)Web of Science,and MEDLINE for relevant studies up to March 2022.Two researchers independently screened the articles.Rigorous scrutiny and data extraction were performed for the studies that met the inclusion criteria.Voxel-wise meta-analyses were conducted using anisotropic effect size-signed differential mapping with a unified template.Meta-regression was used to explore the potential effects of demographic and clinical characteristics.Results:A total of 15 studies with 17 datasets describing 365 SCZ patients,224 MDD patients,and 550 healthy controls(HCs)were identified.The conjunction analysis showed that both disorders shared higher MTR than HC in the left cerebellum(P=0.0006)and left fusiform gyrus(P=0.0004).Additionally,SCZ patients showed disorder-specific lower MTR in the anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyrus,right superior temporal gyrus,and right superior frontal gyrus,and higher MTR in the left thalamus,precuneus/cuneus,posterior cingulate gyrus,and paracentral lobule;and MDD patients showed higher MTR in the left middle occipital region.Meta-regression showed no statistical significance in either group.Conclusions:The results revealed a structural neural basis shared between SCZ and MDD patients,emphasizing the importance of shared neural substrates across psychopathology.Meanwhile,distinct disease-specific characteristics could have implications for future differential diagnosis and targeted treatment.

Organizational evolution of project management teams over the whole lifecycle of megaprojects:Case study of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge

Project management teams are critical in the implementation of megaprojects,but their evolution throughout the project lifecycle has not been clearly explained.This paper explores the organizational evolution of megaproject management teams through a longitudinal retrospective case study of the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge(HZMB)project.The organizational evolution is examined in terms of management objectives,management content,and organizational structure.The organizational evolution of the HZMB project management team exhibits stage differentiation with the coexistence of turbulence and stability.Changes in the external environment are the driving force for organizational evolution,whereas a flexible organizational strategy is critical in promoting this evolution.Basing on the HZMB case study,this paper summarizes six critical measures that facilitate the organizational evolution of megaproject management teams.Our findings add value to megaproject management theory and provide a better understanding of the dynamics and complexity of megaproject organizational management.

Chemical Synthesis of Structurally Defined Phosphorylated Ubiquitins Suggests Impaired Parkin Activation by Phosphorylated Ubiquitins with a Non-Phosphorylated Distal Unit

Mutations in genes encoding PINK1(PTEN-induced kinase 1)and Parkin(E3 ubiquitin ligase)are identified in familial Parkinson’s disease.However,it remains unclear whether the phosphorylated Ub chains activate wild-type Parkin(w-Parkin)or phosphorylated Parkin(p-Parkin),with the consequent expulsion of the damaged mitochondria.