教育评价改革背景下高校综合评价探究

自《深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案》提出“改进结果评价,强化过程评价,探索增值评价,健全综合评价”的目标以来,高等教育评价改革已初见成效。相较而言,综合评价在理论研究和实践探索上还较为欠缺。本文提出,综合评价不仅是一种评价方式,更是一种评价理念,具有整体性、协同性和系统性的特点。在教育评价改革的背景下,值得进一步关注和研究。

历史同源与类型竞合:职业本科与应用型本科关系的厘清与重塑

职业教育在从“层次”向“类型”转变的过程中,会遭遇“合法性危机”,其本质是“认同危机”,主要体现在“谁来举办职业本科”的问题上。虽然高职学校和应用型高校历史同源,但在高等教育大众化进程中,却因举办教育的不同而渐行渐远。职业本科在建立现代职业教育体系的过程中诞生,与应用型本科形成“同层不同类”的双轨。随着职业本科在法律上的确立,其与应用型本科有望重塑竞合关系。两者竞合关系的前提在于体现它们之间的“等值性”,这就要求尽快建立和完善相应的学位制度、评估体系和质量标准。职业本科与应用型本科的螺旋式竞合发展,最终将有助于实现普职融通。

The structure of instantaneous frequencies of periodic analytic signals

In this paper, the structure of analytic signals is investigated by means of the relation between analytic signals and functions in the Hardy space. It is shown that an analytic signal is made up of two parts, one depending on the amplitude of the signal and another on the boundary value of an inner function. Based on this result, properties of the instantaneous frequencies of these two parts are studied, and it is found that negative instantaneous frequencies are caused by the amplitude of a signal. Finally, such conditions that an analytic signal is of positive instantaneous frequency are presented.