社区衰弱和肌少症老年人膳食营养干预的障碍和促进因素:质性 研究的meta整合

目的随着老龄化社会进程加速,老年人躯体衰弱和肌少症的患病率逐年上升,并带来诸多不良影响。膳食营养是防治躯体衰弱和肌少症的重要方式,但在社区环境中实施膳食营养干预受到诸多复杂因素影响。本综述旨在对相关研究中的促进和障碍因素进行系统综述,为制订相关健康管理方案提供参考。方法在Pub Med. .Web of Science 、Medline(Ovid). Embase(Ovid)和Cochrane Library 数据库进行检索,发表时间限定为建库至2023年1月。使用主题词和自由词组合完成检索。使用英国牛津大学循证医学中心质性研究质量评价工具(the Critical Appraisal Skills Program Qualiative Sudies Checklist)对 纳入研究进行质量评价。利用社会生态建模框架对提取的信息进行编码和分析。本综述方案已在PROSPERO注册(CRD42022381339)。结果共纳入10项研究。其中,4项研究仅进行营养相关干预,而膳食营养和运动干预相结合的有6项。根据社会生态模型,从个体特征、外部环境和干预措施3个层面对促进和障碍因素进行了总结,包含10个副主题。结论对社区中的躯体衰弱和肌少症老年人实施膳食营养干预措施时,应整合个人内部动机和外部支持,为参与者制订“量身定制”的干预方案,并最大程度地优化可利用的人力和物理资源。

The impact of market coordination on urban green total factor productivity:An analysis of the mediating effect of factor misallocation

Promoting market coordination and enhancing the efficiency of green growth is a necessity for China’s effective economic development.Using panel data from 2007 to 2020,this paper conducts a comprehensive study on 226 cities at the prefecture-level and above,combining theoretical analysis and empirical tests to systematically explore the impact of market cohesion on urban green total factor productivity(GTPF)and the mediating role of factor mismatch.Findings demonstrate that market coordination maximizes urban GTPF.At the mechanism level,factor mismatch plays a mediating role,and market coordination can enhance GTPF by addressing capital and labor mismatch.In terms of heterogeneity analysis,market coordination significantly promotes GTPF positively in the east-central region and negatively in the western region.In terms of technological progress and technical efficiency,the eastern region shows a larger significance than the central and western regions combined.In view of the above,the concept of market coordination development has been implemented to promote GTFP in cities.

住院老年缺血性脑卒中患者口腔健康状况及影响因素的调查研究

目的旨在调查老年缺血性脑卒中住院患者口腔健康现状并分析影响因素,为制订该人群口腔健康管理策略提供参考依据。方法采用横断面调查,于2022年1一6月选取重庆市2所三级甲等医院的350例老年缺血性脑卒中患者,采用巴氏指数(Barthel Index,BI)、进食评估工具(Eating Assessment Tool-10,EAT-10)和口腔健康评估量表(Oral Health Assessment Tool,OHAT)分别调查研究对象的自理程度、吞咽功能和口腔健康状况,采用自行设计的调查表调查人口统计学、疾病相关信息及口腔健康行为。采用二元logistic回归分析进行相关影响因素分析。结果共纳人346例老年缺血性脑卒中患者,其中男性199例,女性147例。0HAT总得分中位数为5分(总得分范围0~16分)。龋齿(91.7%,278/303)和口腔清洁不良(92.2%,319/346)为该人群主要的口腔健康问题。二元logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、血脂水平、脑卒中发生次数和严重程度、口腔健康行为、自理程度为该人群口腔健康的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论医务人员应加强老年缺血性脑卒中患者口腔健康评估,并针对高危人群的特点实施个性化的健康教育和管理措施,促进其口腔健康。

Transcription factor ZmNAC126 plays an important role in transcriptional regulation of maize starch synthesis-related genes

Maize(Zea mays L.)is one of the most important food crops in the world,and starch is the main component of its endosperm.Transcriptional regulation plays a vital role in starch biosynthesis.However,it is not well understood in maize.We report the identification of the transcription factor ZmNAC126 and its role in regulation of starch synthesis in maize.Transcriptional expression of ZmNAC126 was higher in maize endosperm and kernels than in roots or stems.ZmNAC126 shared a similar expression pattern with starch synthesis genes during seed development,and its expression pattern was also consistent with the accumulation of starch.ZmNAC126 is a typical transcription factor with a transactivation domain between positions 201 and 227 of the amino acid sequence,is located in the nucleus,and binds to CACG repeats in vitro.Yeast one-hybrid assay revealed that ZmNAC126 bound the promoters of ZmGBSSI,ZmSSIIa,ZmSSIV,ZmISA1,and ZmISA2.Transient overexpression of ZmNAC126 in maize endosperm increased the activities of promoters pZmSh2,pZmBt2,pZmGBSSI,pZmSSIIIa,and pZmBT1 but inhibited the activities of pZmISA1 and pZmISA2.ZmNAC126 thus acts in starch synthesis by transcriptionally regulating targeted starch synthesis-related genes in maize kernels.

基于云模型的老旧小区韧性评价体系

为精准、高效改善城市老旧小区居住环境品质,提高其防灾、减灾能力,提出一种基于云模型的老旧小区韧性评价体系。基于韧性理论,对所选老旧小区按照不同年代进行分组,通过实地调研,获得陕西省西安市30组具有代表性的老旧小区特征数据,参考相关文献及相关专家建议,确定建筑韧性、设施韧性、环境韧性、人员韧性共计4个一级指标、9个二级指标、30个三级指标,构成老旧小区的评价指标体系。采用层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)确定各指标的主观权重,采用熵权法(entropy weight method,EWN)和准则去除效果法(method based on the removal effects of criteria,MEREC)确定客观权重,采用组合赋权法确定最终权重,运用MATLAB构建了基于云模型的老旧小区韧性评价体系。基于此评价体系,选取西安市一老旧小区——万庆巷小区进行韧性评价,所得结果能够较准确地反映该小区韧性薄弱环节,表明所建评价体系具有一定的适用性与有效性。

Genomic Analyses Yield Markers for Identifying Agronomically Important Genes in Potato

Wild potato species have substantial phenotypic and physiological diversity. Here, we report a comprehen- sive assessment of wild and cultivated potato species based on genomic analyses of 201 accessions of Solanum section Petota. We sequenced the genomes of these 201 accessions and identified 6 487 006 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） from 167 accessions in clade 4 of Solanum section Petota, including 146 wild and 21 cultivated diploid potato accessions with a broad geographic distribution. Genome-wide genetic variation analysis showed that the diversity of wild potatoes is higher than that of cultivated potatoes, and much higher genetic diversity in the agronomically important disease resistance genes was observed in wild potatoes. Furthermore, by exploiting information about known quantitative trait loci （QTL）, we identified 609 genes under selection, including those correlated with the loss of bitterness in tubers and those involved in tuberization, two major domesticated traits of potato. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a north-south division of all species in clade 4, not just those in the S. brevicaule complex, and further supported So candolleanum as the progenitor of cultivated potato and the monophyletic origin of cultivated potato in southern Peru. In addition, we analyzed the genome of S. candolleanum and identified 529 genes lost in cultivated potato. Collectively, the molecular markers generated in this study provide a valuable resource for the identification of agronomicaUy important genes useful for potato breeding.