Deltamethrin(DEL),a commonly used pyrethroid pesticide,results in higher reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in aquatic animals,which consequently unbalance the redox state.Phlorizin(PHL)is a flavonoid and a natural pr...Deltamethrin(DEL),a commonly used pyrethroid pesticide,results in higher reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in aquatic animals,which consequently unbalance the redox state.Phlorizin(PHL)is a flavonoid and a natural product promising to prevent or reduce pesticide-induced oxidative stress.Artemia is a micro-crustacean widely used in marine hatcheries and an experimental aquatic organism for environmental toxicology research.This research aimed to evaluate the toxicity of DEL on Artemia and the antioxidative effect of PHL against the toxicity.Results show that 0.08-mg/mL PHL exerted its antioxidative effects on hatching percentage of the cysts in 24-h incubation and on body length and survival rate of Artemia in 12-d culture.After 12-d culture,12-,24-,and 36-h DEL exposure showed significant drops in SOD,CAT,and GSH-Px enzyme activities,and significant increases in ROS and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in Artemia(P<0.05).On the contrary,0.08-mg/mL PHL application improved the enzyme activities and decreased the ROS and MDA levels(P<0.05).Moreover,0.08-mg/mL PHL significantly increased mRNA expression levels of Cu/Zn SOD,CAT,GST,HO-1,NQO1,and Nrf2,and decreased mRNA expression level of Keap1 in the DEL-exposed Artemia(P<0.05).Therefore,DEL is toxic to Artemia,while PHL alleviates DEL-induced oxidative damage by possibly regulating the Nrf2signaling pathway.This study provided a theoretical basis for PHL to reduce pesticide-induced toxicity in aquatic animals.展开更多
Background:Vascular cognitive impairment caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion(CCH)has become a hot issue worldwide.Aerobic exercise positively contributes to the preservation or restoration of cognitive abilities;...Background:Vascular cognitive impairment caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion(CCH)has become a hot issue worldwide.Aerobic exercise positively contributes to the preservation or restoration of cognitive abilities;however,the specific mechanism has remained inconclusive.And recent studies found that neurogranin(Ng)is a potential biomarker for cognitive impairment.This study aims to investigate the underlying role of Ng in swimming training to improve cognitive impairment.Methods:To test this hypothesis,the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-associated protein 9(Cas9)system was utilized to construct a strain of Ng conditional knockout(Ng cKO)mice,and bilateral common carotid artery stenosis(BCAS)surgery was performed to prepare the model.In Experiment 1,2-month-old male and female transgenic mice were divided into a control group(wild-type littermate,n=9)and a Ng cKO group(n=9).Then,2-month-old male and female C57BL/6 mice were divided into a sham group(C57BL/6,n=12)and a BCAS group(n=12).In Experiment 2,2-month-old male and female mice were divided into a sham group(wild-type littermate,n=12),BCAS group(n=12),swim group(n=12),BCAS+Ng cKO group(n=12),and swim+Ng cKO group(n=12).Then,7 days after BCAS,mice were given swimming training for 5 weeks(1 week for adaptation and 4 weeks for training,5 days a week,60 min a day).After intervention,laser speckle was used to detect cerebral blood perfusion in the mice,and the T maze and Morris water maze were adopted to test their spatial memory.Furthermore,electrophysiology and Western blotting were conducted to record long-term potential and observe the expressions of Ca^(2+)pathway-related proteins,respectively.Immunohistochemistry was applied to analyze the expression of relevant markers in neuronal damage,inflammation,and white matter injury.Results:The figures showed that spatial memory impairment was detected in Ng cKO mice,and a sharp decline of cerebral blood flow and an impairment of progressive spatial memory were observed in BCAS mice.Regular swimming training improved the spatial memory impairment of BCAS mice.This was achieved by preventing long-term potential damage and reversing the decline of Ca^(2+)signal transduction pathway-related proteins.At the same time,the results suggested that swimming also led to improvements in neuronal death,inflammation,and white matter injury induced by CCH.Further study adopted the use of Ng cKO transgenic mice,and the results indicated that the positive effects of swimming training on cognitive impairments,synaptic plasticity,and related pathological changes caused by CCH could be abolished by the knockout of Ng.Conclusion:Swimming training can mediate the expression of Ng to enhance hippocampal synaptic plasticity and improve related pathological changes induced by CCH,thereby ameliorating the spatial memory impairment of vascular cognitive impairment.展开更多
Optical fiber technology has changed the world by enabling extraordinary growth in world-wide communications and sensing.The rapid development and wide deployment of optical fiber sensors are driven by their excellent...Optical fiber technology has changed the world by enabling extraordinary growth in world-wide communications and sensing.The rapid development and wide deployment of optical fiber sensors are driven by their excellent sensing performance with outstanding flexibility,functionality,and versatility.Notably,the research on specialty optical fibers is playing a critical role in enabling and proliferating the optical fiber sensing applications.This paper overviews recent developments in specialty optical fibers and their sensing applications.The specialty optical fibers are reviewed based on their innovations in special structures,special materials,and technologies to realize lab in/on a fiber.An overview of sensing applications in various fields is presented.The prospects and emerging research areas of specialty optical fibers are also discussed.展开更多
Multi⁃performance optimization of tread rubber composites is a key issue of great concern in automotive industry.Traditional experimental design approach via“trial and error”or intuition is ineffective due to mutual...Multi⁃performance optimization of tread rubber composites is a key issue of great concern in automotive industry.Traditional experimental design approach via“trial and error”or intuition is ineffective due to mutual inhibition among multiple properties.A“Uniform design⁃Machine learning”strategy for performance prediction and multi⁃performance optimization of tread rubber composites was proposed.The wear resistance,rolling resistance,tensile strength and wet skid resistance were simultaneously optimized.A series of feasible optimization designs were screened via statistical analysis and machine learning analysis,and were experimentally prepared.The verification experiments demonstrate that the optimization design via machine learning analysis meets the optimization requirements of all target performance,especially for Akron abrasion and 60℃tanδ(about 21%and 9%lower than the design targets,respectively)due to the inhibition of mechanical degradation and good dispersion of fillers.展开更多
高熵材料可以在单一晶相中引入五种或五种以上元素以优化电子结构和配位环境,可作为一类新兴的电催化剂.本文制备了一种岩盐型高熵氧化物Mg_(0.2)Co_(0.2)Ni_(0.2)Cu_(0.2)Zn_(0.2)O(HEO)用于催化氧析出反应(OER).由于相邻的不同金属离...高熵材料可以在单一晶相中引入五种或五种以上元素以优化电子结构和配位环境,可作为一类新兴的电催化剂.本文制备了一种岩盐型高熵氧化物Mg_(0.2)Co_(0.2)Ni_(0.2)Cu_(0.2)Zn_(0.2)O(HEO)用于催化氧析出反应(OER).由于相邻的不同金属离子晶格失配,所制备的HEO具有丰富的缺陷.此外,电负性更小的Mg和Zn元素的存在使Co/Ni‒O共价性增强.得益于此,HEO在碱性条件下展现出优异的OER本征催化活性,其转换频率(TOF)在1.65 V时分别达到CoO和NiO的15和84倍.本文探究了HEO电催化性能提升机制,论证了通过合理添加低成本和低电负性元素的高熵策略在发展高效氧电催化剂方面的潜能.采用静电纺丝和热处理的方法制备了含有五种金属元素的HEO,X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明其为岩盐型晶体结构.X射线能量色散谱(EDS)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)分析表明五种元素接近等摩尔比,且均匀分布.通过高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)发现HEO晶格中含有大量缺陷;同步辐射扩展X射线吸收精细结构(EXAFS)谱拟合数据显示HEO中Co和Ni的配位数相比CoO和NiO均有所降低,证实了缺陷的存在.此外,O 1s的X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和电子顺磁共振谱(EPR)进一步证明HEO含有大量氧缺陷.缺陷结构有利于配位不饱和的活性位点充分暴露,促进反应中间体的吸附,从而提升电催化活性.通过X射线吸收近边结构(XANES)谱分析了HEO中Co和Ni的电子结构信息.结果表明,相比CoO和NiO,HEO中Co和Ni的氧化态更低,因为HEO中电负性更低的Mg和Zn可以向O转移更多电子,使相邻的Co和Ni贡献更少电子.更高的电荷密度说明Co/Ni‒O键的共价性增强,与傅里叶变换的EXAFS谱中Co/Ni‒O键的键长变短相吻合.此外,Co和Ni2p的XPS结果表明,HEO表面Co(Ⅱ)和Ni(Ⅱ)成分占比较CoO和NiO更高,也证明HEO中Co/Ni‒O键具有更高的共价性.在1 M KOH中,HEO展现出优越的OER电催化性能,其达到10 mA cm^(−2)电流密度时过电位为360 mV,明显小于CoO和NiO,且与大多数文献报道的高熵电催化剂相当.此外,其Tafel斜率、质量比活性、单位面积活性和TOF均显著优于CoO和NiO,而采用相同方法制备的Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)O则性能较差.据此可以推测HEO电催化性能提升的主要原因在于:高熵策略可以调控活性金属的电子结构,通过引入低电负性元素增强Co/Ni‒O键的共价性,提升其本征催化活性;高熵体系中不同金属元素的尺寸差异导致大量缺陷产生,调控了活性位点的配位环境,从而促进活性位点暴露,提升催化性能.展开更多
Tendon heterotopic ossification(HO)is characterized by bone formation inside tendon tissue,which severely debilitates people in their daily life.Current therapies fail to promote functional tissue repair largely due t...Tendon heterotopic ossification(HO)is characterized by bone formation inside tendon tissue,which severely debilitates people in their daily life.Current therapies fail to promote functional tissue repair largely due to our limited understanding of HO pathogenesis.Here,we investigate the pathological mechanism and propose a potential treatment method for HO.Immunofluorescence assays showed that the Mohawk(MKX)expression level was decreased in human tendon HO tissue,coinciding with spontaneous HO and the upregulated expression of osteochondrogenic and angiogenic genes in the tendons of Mkx^(−/−)mice.Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses of wild-type and Mkx^(−/−)tendons identified three cell types and revealed the excessive activation of osteochondrogenic genes during the tenogenesis of Mkx^(−/−)tendon cells.Single-cell analysis revealed that the gene expression program of angiogenesis,which is strongly associated with bone formation,was activated in all cell types during HO.Moreover,inhibition of angiogenesis by the small-molecule inhibitor BIBF1120 attenuated bone formation and angiogenesis in the Achilles tendons of both Mkx mutant mice and a rat traumatic model of HO.These findings provide new insights into the cellular mechanisms of tendon HO and highlight the inhibition of angiogenesis with BIBF1120 as a potential treatment strategy for HO.展开更多
Supercontinuum (SC) generation has attracted a significant scientific interest in the past decades due to its promising applications covering the fields of metrology, spectroscopy, defense, as well as medical treatmen...Supercontinuum (SC) generation has attracted a significant scientific interest in the past decades due to its promising applications covering the fields of metrology, spectroscopy, defense, as well as medical treatments. To date, researchers are devoted to improving the spectral width and flatness of SC generation by using specialty optical fibers. The flatness of the spectrum is of importance because it can improve the accuracy of measurement in practical applications. This paper summarizes the theory of SC, the state of the art of flat SC generation using optical fiber including photonic crystal fibers, soft glass fibers as well as germania-doped fibers, and suggests the future research direction of flat SC light source.展开更多
In recent years, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of the Labiatae plants have been widely recognized, and have been used in clinical practice, and their anti-tumor effects are also very significant, and...In recent years, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of the Labiatae plants have been widely recognized, and have been used in clinical practice, and their anti-tumor effects are also very significant, and receiving more and more attention. At present, malignant tumors are still the first killer threatening human health. Because of the long-term use of chemical anti-tumor drugs with certain drug resistance and obvious side effects, finding high-efficiency anti-tumor active ingredients from natural plants and Chinese herbal medicines has become a hot spot in the field of pharmacy. Literature survey indicates that the active ingredients in Labiatae plants have anti-tumor effects. Therefore, this paper summarized and discussed the anti-tumor types, mechanisms and active components of the Labiatae plants, so as to provide a basis and reference for the development of new anti-tumor drugs or preparations.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of polyethersulfone membrane hollow fiber dialyzer Enttex^(TM)-16LF(E60)in treating patients with end stage renal disease caused by a variety of reasons.Methods T...Objective To evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of polyethersulfone membrane hollow fiber dialyzer Enttex^(TM)-16LF(E60)in treating patients with end stage renal disease caused by a variety of reasons.Methods This clinical trialwas designed as a randomized,open,two-phase crossover and positive control,non-inferiority study.To evaluate the indicators of blood routine test,serum biochemical indexes,blood gas analysis,vital signsbefore and after hemodialysis,and the adverse events were recorded indetail.Results There was no significant difference in creatinine,urea,creatinine clearance and electrolytes between Enttex TM-16LF dialyzer and control dialyzer before and after hemodialysis,no adverse event associated with the Enttex^(TM)-16LF dialyzer was found during the study.Conclusions The Enttex^(TM)-16LF dialyzeris effective and safe for hemodialysis in patients with end stage renal disease.展开更多
Objective Investigate the correlation between serum sclerostinlevel and chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder(CKD-MBD),especially vascular calcification,in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients.Methods This...Objective Investigate the correlation between serum sclerostinlevel and chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder(CKD-MBD),especially vascular calcification,in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients.Methods This is across-sectional study,a total of 72 MHD patients were included from the first affiliated hospital of Jinan university.Measure the biochemical indicators of mineral metabolism,renal function,and serum sclerostin level by ELISA.The abdominal aorta calcification score(AACS)was assessed according to Kauppila method on lateral spine imaging using DEXA.Patients were distributed into two groups according to the level of serum sclerostin:low sclerostingroup(≤125 pg/ml)and high sclerostingroup(>125 pg/ml).Analyze the association of serum sclerostin level with the indicators of CKD-MBD.Results There was significant difference in i PTH level between high sclerost in group and low sclerost in group.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that dialysis duration,male and anuria were independent risk factor of high sclerostin level,and i PTH and Kt/V were protective factors.Conclusion Dialysis duration,man,anuria was independent risk factors and i PTH,Kt/V were protective factors of high serum sclerostin level in MHD patients.There was no correlation between abdominal aorta calcification and serum sclerostin level.展开更多
Objective To explore the method of safety and efficacy validation of hemodialysis machine,and observe the clinical efficacy of OBERS-3000 multifunctional hemodialysis machine.Methods Randomized,open,two-phase crossove...Objective To explore the method of safety and efficacy validation of hemodialysis machine,and observe the clinical efficacy of OBERS-3000 multifunctional hemodialysis machine.Methods Randomized,open,two-phase crossover and positive control design,a total of 72 patients from two hospitals were included.OBERS-3000 multifunctional hemodialysis machine was the test machine,and the Fresenius 4008 series hemodialysis machine was as the control machine,indicators of blood routine test,serum electrolytes,liver and kidney function test,blood gas analysis,CRP were compared,body weight before and after hemodialysis,ultrafiltration volume were recorded,urea clearance index,urea reduction ratio were calculated.The XL90 conductivity meter was connected in series in the test machine,to monitor the temperature,conductance,venous pressure and arterial pressure during the dialysis in real time,and the measured value were compared with the machine monitoring value.Results Both of the test machine and the control machine could effectively eliminate creatinine,urea nitrogen and other uremic toxins,could continuously supply qualified dialysate,and precisely control the ultrafiltration volume.There were no significant differences in temperature,conductance,venous pressure and arterial pressure monitoring with the real time measured value by XL90 conductivity meter.Conclusions OBERS-3000 multifunctional hemodialysis machine can effectively eliminate uremic toxins,maintain electrolyte and acid-base balance,and can accurately display the monitoring parameters.展开更多
Liver failure which can be caused by viral hepatitis,alcohol,drugs,metabolic diseases,autoimmune processes or other fac tors is the end stage of chronic liver disease.Although liver transplantation is currently consid...Liver failure which can be caused by viral hepatitis,alcohol,drugs,metabolic diseases,autoimmune processes or other fac tors is the end stage of chronic liver disease.Although liver transplantation is currently considered to be the primary treatment measures of chronic liver disease.Due to donor shortages,surgical complications and immune rejection,cell therapy has been extensively studied.?Hepa tocyte transplantation and artificial liver have evolved into a simpler alternative to liver failure treatment.Artificial liver can be used as Liver replacement therapy in patients who were waiting for the liver transplantation with chronic liver disease.The ideal biological artificial liver must have the liver material metabolism,detoxification,synthesis and secretion and other functions.Nowadays bio-artificial liver has carried out a large number of clinical trials and get some progress.?This article is now discuss the status of bio-artificial liver and its re placement therapy prospects.展开更多
1 Introduction Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus(NPSLE)is a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),with an incidence of about 30%to 40%[1].No matter early or late SLE patients are prone ...1 Introduction Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus(NPSLE)is a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),with an incidence of about 30%to 40%[1].No matter early or late SLE patients are prone to concurrent,so early diagnosis and treatment of NPSLE is extremely important.展开更多
There are 3 kinds of Renal Replacement Therapy:hemodialysis,peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation.Although a kidney transplant would be the best solution,organ donations are limited and the transplanted organ...There are 3 kinds of Renal Replacement Therapy:hemodialysis,peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation.Although a kidney transplant would be the best solution,organ donations are limited and the transplanted organs can be rejected by the body.Hemodialysis is a widely recognized and near-universally available treatment method,however,the patient must make at least 3 weekly visits to a hospital to undergo treatment,with each session lasting on average around 4 hours.Consequently this can have an impact on the patients’life,including work and travel.Since the clinical populariza-展开更多
ACYL-CoA-BINDING PROTEINs(ACBPs)play crucial regulatory roles during plant response to hypoxia,but their molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood.Our study reveals that ACBP4 serves as a positive regulator of the...ACYL-CoA-BINDING PROTEINs(ACBPs)play crucial regulatory roles during plant response to hypoxia,but their molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood.Our study reveals that ACBP4 serves as a positive regulator of the plant hypoxia response by interacting with WRKY70,influencing its nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in Arabidopsis thaliana.Furthermore,we demonstrate the direct binding of WRKY70 to the ACBP4 promoter,resulting in its upregulation and suggesting a positive feedback loop.Additionally,we pinpointed a phosphorylation site at Ser638 of ACBP4,which enhances submergence tolerance,potentially by facilitating WRKY70's nuclear shuttling.Surprisingly,a natural variation in this phosphorylation site of ACBP4 allowed A.thaliana to adapt to humid conditions during its historical demographic expansion.We further observed that both phosphorylated ACBP4 and oleoyl-Co A can impede the interaction between ACBP4 and WRKY70,thus promoting WRKY70's nuclear translocation.Finally,we found that the overexpression of orthologous Bna C5.ACBP4and Bna A7.WRKY70 in Brassica napus increases submergence tolerance,indicating their functional similarity across genera.In summary,our research not only sheds light on the functional significance of the ACBP4 gene in hypoxia response,but also underscores its potential utility in breeding flooding-tolerant oilseed rape varieties.展开更多
Electrochromic devices(ECDs)have been extensively investigated as promising candidates in broad cutting-edge applications,such as smart windows,electronic labels,adaptive camouflage,etc.However,they have suffered from...Electrochromic devices(ECDs)have been extensively investigated as promising candidates in broad cutting-edge applications,such as smart windows,electronic labels,adaptive camouflage,etc.However,they have suffered from either inadequate color variations or poor cycling stability for a long time.Herein,we developed a general strategy to boost the cyclic stability and enrich the color variations of ECDs by scrupulous design of the composition and nanostructure of electrodes,in which porous tin oxide(SnO_(2))nanosheets serve as the scaffold and typical metal oxides or conducting polymers as the active electrochromic materials.Various electrochromic composite materials,including polyaniline(PANI)@SnO_(2),V2O5@SnO_(2),and WO_(3)@SnO_(2) heterostructured nanoarrays were prepared by the facile wet-chemical method.These composite electrodes exhibit remarkable electrochromic performances,e.g.,superior cycling stability(more than 2000 cycles),rich color variations(more than 5 colors for PANI@SnO_(2)),and enlarged optical modulation.These excellent performances account for the heterogenous porous nanoarrays,which not only facilitate the intercalation/extraction of ions but also relieve the stress generated during the electrochemical process.In addition,diverse prototypes of complementary multicolor ECD with excellent cycling stability(over thousands of cycles)and rich color variations(8 colors)were realized for the first time.We believe that our work put forward a general strategy for developing high-quality multicolor complementary electrochromic devices.展开更多
Coordinated plant adaptation involves the interplay of multiple traits driven by habitat-specific selection pressures. Pleiotropic effects, wherein genetic variants of a single gene control multiple traits, can expedi...Coordinated plant adaptation involves the interplay of multiple traits driven by habitat-specific selection pressures. Pleiotropic effects, wherein genetic variants of a single gene control multiple traits, can expedite such adaptations. Until present, only a limited number of genes have been reported to exhibit pleiotropy. Here, we create a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from two Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) ecotypes originating from divergent habitats. Using this RIL population, we identify an allelic variation in a MADS-box transcription factor, SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP), which exerts a pleiotropic effect on leaf size and drought-versus-humidity tolerance. Further investigation reveals that a natural null variant of the SVP protein disrupts its normal regulatory interactions with target genes, including GRF3, CYP707A1/3, and AtBG1, leading to increased leaf size, enhanced tolerance to humid conditions, and changes in flowering time of humid conditions in A. thaliana. Remarkably, polymorphic variations in this gene have been traced back to early A. thaliana populations, providing a genetic foundation and plasticity for subsequent colonization of diverse habitats by influencing multiple traits. These findings advance our understanding of how plants rapidly adapt to changing environments by virtue of the pleiotropic effects of individual genes on multiple trait alterations.展开更多
Self-assembly of particle-like dissipative solitons,in the presence of mutual interactions,emphasizes the vibrant concept of soliton molecules in varieties of laser resonators.Controllable manipulation of the molecula...Self-assembly of particle-like dissipative solitons,in the presence of mutual interactions,emphasizes the vibrant concept of soliton molecules in varieties of laser resonators.Controllable manipulation of the molecular patterns,held by the degrees of freedom of internal motions,still remains challenging to explore more efficient and subtle tailoring approaches for the increasing demands.Here,we report a new phase-tailored quaternary encoding format based on the controllable internal assembly of dissipative soliton molecules.Artificial manipulation of the energy exchange of soliton-molecular elements stimulates the deterministic harnessing of the assemblies of internal dynamics.Self-assembled soliton molecules are tailored into four phase-defined regimes,thus constituting the phase-tailored quaternary encoding format.Such phase-tailored streams are endowed with great robustness and are resistant to significant timing jitter.All these results experimentally demonstrate the programmable phase tailoring and exemplify the application of the phase-tailored quaternary encoding,prospectively promoting high-capacity all-optical storage.展开更多
Bismuth-based electrocatalysts are promising candidates for electrochemical CO_(2)reduction to formate attributing to the accelerated formation of*OCHO intermediate,while the high-energy consumption remains a major ch...Bismuth-based electrocatalysts are promising candidates for electrochemical CO_(2)reduction to formate attributing to the accelerated formation of*OCHO intermediate,while the high-energy consumption remains a major challenge for practicability.Herein,we present the ultrathin Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3)nanosheets with abundant oxygen vacancy(Vo-BOC-NS)reconstructed from S,N-co-doped bismuth oxides that can act as durable electrocatalyst for CO_(2)-to-formate conversion with faradic efficiency(FEformate)of>95%,partial current density of 286 mA cm^(-2) with energy efficiency of 73.8%at-0.62 V(vs.RHE)and low overpotential of 200 mV in a flow electrolyzer.The theoretical calculations decipher that the oxygen vacancy can optimize*OCOH adsorption/desorption for the accelerated conversion kinetics.The pair-electrosynthesis tactic of formate co-production can enable a superior FE_(formate) of>90%at wide cell voltage of 2–3.3 V and total yield rate of 3742μmol cm^(-2)h^(-1)at 3.3 V,suggesting great potential for future industrialization.展开更多
基金the Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology(TUST)the Ministry of Education(No.EMTUST-21-08)the Guilin Science and Technology Project(No.20210225-4)。
文摘Deltamethrin(DEL),a commonly used pyrethroid pesticide,results in higher reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in aquatic animals,which consequently unbalance the redox state.Phlorizin(PHL)is a flavonoid and a natural product promising to prevent or reduce pesticide-induced oxidative stress.Artemia is a micro-crustacean widely used in marine hatcheries and an experimental aquatic organism for environmental toxicology research.This research aimed to evaluate the toxicity of DEL on Artemia and the antioxidative effect of PHL against the toxicity.Results show that 0.08-mg/mL PHL exerted its antioxidative effects on hatching percentage of the cysts in 24-h incubation and on body length and survival rate of Artemia in 12-d culture.After 12-d culture,12-,24-,and 36-h DEL exposure showed significant drops in SOD,CAT,and GSH-Px enzyme activities,and significant increases in ROS and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in Artemia(P<0.05).On the contrary,0.08-mg/mL PHL application improved the enzyme activities and decreased the ROS and MDA levels(P<0.05).Moreover,0.08-mg/mL PHL significantly increased mRNA expression levels of Cu/Zn SOD,CAT,GST,HO-1,NQO1,and Nrf2,and decreased mRNA expression level of Keap1 in the DEL-exposed Artemia(P<0.05).Therefore,DEL is toxic to Artemia,while PHL alleviates DEL-induced oxidative damage by possibly regulating the Nrf2signaling pathway.This study provided a theoretical basis for PHL to reduce pesticide-induced toxicity in aquatic animals.
基金Supported by the Youth Top Talent Project of Fujian Province,China“Young Eagle Project”(No.2901-750102003)。
文摘Background:Vascular cognitive impairment caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion(CCH)has become a hot issue worldwide.Aerobic exercise positively contributes to the preservation or restoration of cognitive abilities;however,the specific mechanism has remained inconclusive.And recent studies found that neurogranin(Ng)is a potential biomarker for cognitive impairment.This study aims to investigate the underlying role of Ng in swimming training to improve cognitive impairment.Methods:To test this hypothesis,the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-associated protein 9(Cas9)system was utilized to construct a strain of Ng conditional knockout(Ng cKO)mice,and bilateral common carotid artery stenosis(BCAS)surgery was performed to prepare the model.In Experiment 1,2-month-old male and female transgenic mice were divided into a control group(wild-type littermate,n=9)and a Ng cKO group(n=9).Then,2-month-old male and female C57BL/6 mice were divided into a sham group(C57BL/6,n=12)and a BCAS group(n=12).In Experiment 2,2-month-old male and female mice were divided into a sham group(wild-type littermate,n=12),BCAS group(n=12),swim group(n=12),BCAS+Ng cKO group(n=12),and swim+Ng cKO group(n=12).Then,7 days after BCAS,mice were given swimming training for 5 weeks(1 week for adaptation and 4 weeks for training,5 days a week,60 min a day).After intervention,laser speckle was used to detect cerebral blood perfusion in the mice,and the T maze and Morris water maze were adopted to test their spatial memory.Furthermore,electrophysiology and Western blotting were conducted to record long-term potential and observe the expressions of Ca^(2+)pathway-related proteins,respectively.Immunohistochemistry was applied to analyze the expression of relevant markers in neuronal damage,inflammation,and white matter injury.Results:The figures showed that spatial memory impairment was detected in Ng cKO mice,and a sharp decline of cerebral blood flow and an impairment of progressive spatial memory were observed in BCAS mice.Regular swimming training improved the spatial memory impairment of BCAS mice.This was achieved by preventing long-term potential damage and reversing the decline of Ca^(2+)signal transduction pathway-related proteins.At the same time,the results suggested that swimming also led to improvements in neuronal death,inflammation,and white matter injury induced by CCH.Further study adopted the use of Ng cKO transgenic mice,and the results indicated that the positive effects of swimming training on cognitive impairments,synaptic plasticity,and related pathological changes caused by CCH could be abolished by the knockout of Ng.Conclusion:Swimming training can mediate the expression of Ng to enhance hippocampal synaptic plasticity and improve related pathological changes induced by CCH,thereby ameliorating the spatial memory impairment of vascular cognitive impairment.
基金We are grateful for financial supports from Special Funds for the Major Fields of Colleges and Universities by the Department of Education of Guangdong Province(2021ZDZX1023)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2022A1515011434)+4 种基金Stable Support Program for Higher Education Institutions from Shenzhen Science,Technology&Innovation Commission(20200925162216001)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515120013)Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications(Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,No.IPOC2020A002)The Open Projects Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology(No.SKLD2105)General Program of Shenzhen Science,Technology&Innovation Commission(JCYJ20220530113811026).
文摘Optical fiber technology has changed the world by enabling extraordinary growth in world-wide communications and sensing.The rapid development and wide deployment of optical fiber sensors are driven by their excellent sensing performance with outstanding flexibility,functionality,and versatility.Notably,the research on specialty optical fibers is playing a critical role in enabling and proliferating the optical fiber sensing applications.This paper overviews recent developments in specialty optical fibers and their sensing applications.The specialty optical fibers are reviewed based on their innovations in special structures,special materials,and technologies to realize lab in/on a fiber.An overview of sensing applications in various fields is presented.The prospects and emerging research areas of specialty optical fibers are also discussed.
基金the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(Grant No.51333004).
文摘Multi⁃performance optimization of tread rubber composites is a key issue of great concern in automotive industry.Traditional experimental design approach via“trial and error”or intuition is ineffective due to mutual inhibition among multiple properties.A“Uniform design⁃Machine learning”strategy for performance prediction and multi⁃performance optimization of tread rubber composites was proposed.The wear resistance,rolling resistance,tensile strength and wet skid resistance were simultaneously optimized.A series of feasible optimization designs were screened via statistical analysis and machine learning analysis,and were experimentally prepared.The verification experiments demonstrate that the optimization design via machine learning analysis meets the optimization requirements of all target performance,especially for Akron abrasion and 60℃tanδ(about 21%and 9%lower than the design targets,respectively)due to the inhibition of mechanical degradation and good dispersion of fillers.
文摘高熵材料可以在单一晶相中引入五种或五种以上元素以优化电子结构和配位环境,可作为一类新兴的电催化剂.本文制备了一种岩盐型高熵氧化物Mg_(0.2)Co_(0.2)Ni_(0.2)Cu_(0.2)Zn_(0.2)O(HEO)用于催化氧析出反应(OER).由于相邻的不同金属离子晶格失配,所制备的HEO具有丰富的缺陷.此外,电负性更小的Mg和Zn元素的存在使Co/Ni‒O共价性增强.得益于此,HEO在碱性条件下展现出优异的OER本征催化活性,其转换频率(TOF)在1.65 V时分别达到CoO和NiO的15和84倍.本文探究了HEO电催化性能提升机制,论证了通过合理添加低成本和低电负性元素的高熵策略在发展高效氧电催化剂方面的潜能.采用静电纺丝和热处理的方法制备了含有五种金属元素的HEO,X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明其为岩盐型晶体结构.X射线能量色散谱(EDS)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)分析表明五种元素接近等摩尔比,且均匀分布.通过高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)发现HEO晶格中含有大量缺陷;同步辐射扩展X射线吸收精细结构(EXAFS)谱拟合数据显示HEO中Co和Ni的配位数相比CoO和NiO均有所降低,证实了缺陷的存在.此外,O 1s的X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和电子顺磁共振谱(EPR)进一步证明HEO含有大量氧缺陷.缺陷结构有利于配位不饱和的活性位点充分暴露,促进反应中间体的吸附,从而提升电催化活性.通过X射线吸收近边结构(XANES)谱分析了HEO中Co和Ni的电子结构信息.结果表明,相比CoO和NiO,HEO中Co和Ni的氧化态更低,因为HEO中电负性更低的Mg和Zn可以向O转移更多电子,使相邻的Co和Ni贡献更少电子.更高的电荷密度说明Co/Ni‒O键的共价性增强,与傅里叶变换的EXAFS谱中Co/Ni‒O键的键长变短相吻合.此外,Co和Ni2p的XPS结果表明,HEO表面Co(Ⅱ)和Ni(Ⅱ)成分占比较CoO和NiO更高,也证明HEO中Co/Ni‒O键具有更高的共价性.在1 M KOH中,HEO展现出优越的OER电催化性能,其达到10 mA cm^(−2)电流密度时过电位为360 mV,明显小于CoO和NiO,且与大多数文献报道的高熵电催化剂相当.此外,其Tafel斜率、质量比活性、单位面积活性和TOF均显著优于CoO和NiO,而采用相同方法制备的Co_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)O则性能较差.据此可以推测HEO电催化性能提升的主要原因在于:高熵策略可以调控活性金属的电子结构,通过引入低电负性元素增强Co/Ni‒O键的共价性,提升其本征催化活性;高熵体系中不同金属元素的尺寸差异导致大量缺陷产生,调控了活性位点的配位环境,从而促进活性位点暴露,提升催化性能.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0104900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31830029,81501937 and 81522029)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(K20200099).
文摘Tendon heterotopic ossification(HO)is characterized by bone formation inside tendon tissue,which severely debilitates people in their daily life.Current therapies fail to promote functional tissue repair largely due to our limited understanding of HO pathogenesis.Here,we investigate the pathological mechanism and propose a potential treatment method for HO.Immunofluorescence assays showed that the Mohawk(MKX)expression level was decreased in human tendon HO tissue,coinciding with spontaneous HO and the upregulated expression of osteochondrogenic and angiogenic genes in the tendons of Mkx^(−/−)mice.Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses of wild-type and Mkx^(−/−)tendons identified three cell types and revealed the excessive activation of osteochondrogenic genes during the tenogenesis of Mkx^(−/−)tendon cells.Single-cell analysis revealed that the gene expression program of angiogenesis,which is strongly associated with bone formation,was activated in all cell types during HO.Moreover,inhibition of angiogenesis by the small-molecule inhibitor BIBF1120 attenuated bone formation and angiogenesis in the Achilles tendons of both Mkx mutant mice and a rat traumatic model of HO.These findings provide new insights into the cellular mechanisms of tendon HO and highlight the inhibition of angiogenesis with BIBF1120 as a potential treatment strategy for HO.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61605108, 61735009, 61422507)Young Oriental Scholarship of Shanghai.
文摘Supercontinuum (SC) generation has attracted a significant scientific interest in the past decades due to its promising applications covering the fields of metrology, spectroscopy, defense, as well as medical treatments. To date, researchers are devoted to improving the spectral width and flatness of SC generation by using specialty optical fibers. The flatness of the spectrum is of importance because it can improve the accuracy of measurement in practical applications. This paper summarizes the theory of SC, the state of the art of flat SC generation using optical fiber including photonic crystal fibers, soft glass fibers as well as germania-doped fibers, and suggests the future research direction of flat SC light source.
基金Supported by Project of National Natural Science Foundation(81560659)Science and Technology Research Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(GJJ170722)+2 种基金Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Program of Jiangxi Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission(2018B139)Young Teacher Training Program for Key Discipline of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2017jzzdxk001)Traditional Chinese Medicine First-class Discipline Special Research Fund Project of Jiangxi Province(JXSYLXK-ZHYAO 061)
文摘In recent years, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of the Labiatae plants have been widely recognized, and have been used in clinical practice, and their anti-tumor effects are also very significant, and receiving more and more attention. At present, malignant tumors are still the first killer threatening human health. Because of the long-term use of chemical anti-tumor drugs with certain drug resistance and obvious side effects, finding high-efficiency anti-tumor active ingredients from natural plants and Chinese herbal medicines has become a hot spot in the field of pharmacy. Literature survey indicates that the active ingredients in Labiatae plants have anti-tumor effects. Therefore, this paper summarized and discussed the anti-tumor types, mechanisms and active components of the Labiatae plants, so as to provide a basis and reference for the development of new anti-tumor drugs or preparations.
基金Guangdong Obers Blood Purification Academician Work station(2013B090400004)Guangdong University blood purification technology and Engineering Research Center(GCZX-A1104)+3 种基金Science and technology plan project of Guangdong industrial high and new technology field(2013B010203019)Guangdong Provincial Center for clinical engineering of blood purification(507204531040)Guangdong science and technology project in the field of social development(2013B021400002)Guangzhou entrepreneurial leader talent/LCY201215
文摘Objective To evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of polyethersulfone membrane hollow fiber dialyzer Enttex^(TM)-16LF(E60)in treating patients with end stage renal disease caused by a variety of reasons.Methods This clinical trialwas designed as a randomized,open,two-phase crossover and positive control,non-inferiority study.To evaluate the indicators of blood routine test,serum biochemical indexes,blood gas analysis,vital signsbefore and after hemodialysis,and the adverse events were recorded indetail.Results There was no significant difference in creatinine,urea,creatinine clearance and electrolytes between Enttex TM-16LF dialyzer and control dialyzer before and after hemodialysis,no adverse event associated with the Enttex^(TM)-16LF dialyzer was found during the study.Conclusions The Enttex^(TM)-16LF dialyzeris effective and safe for hemodialysis in patients with end stage renal disease.
文摘Objective Investigate the correlation between serum sclerostinlevel and chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder(CKD-MBD),especially vascular calcification,in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients.Methods This is across-sectional study,a total of 72 MHD patients were included from the first affiliated hospital of Jinan university.Measure the biochemical indicators of mineral metabolism,renal function,and serum sclerostin level by ELISA.The abdominal aorta calcification score(AACS)was assessed according to Kauppila method on lateral spine imaging using DEXA.Patients were distributed into two groups according to the level of serum sclerostin:low sclerostingroup(≤125 pg/ml)and high sclerostingroup(>125 pg/ml).Analyze the association of serum sclerostin level with the indicators of CKD-MBD.Results There was significant difference in i PTH level between high sclerost in group and low sclerost in group.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that dialysis duration,male and anuria were independent risk factor of high sclerostin level,and i PTH and Kt/V were protective factors.Conclusion Dialysis duration,man,anuria was independent risk factors and i PTH,Kt/V were protective factors of high serum sclerostin level in MHD patients.There was no correlation between abdominal aorta calcification and serum sclerostin level.
基金Guangdong Obers Blood Purification Academician Work station(2013B090400004)Guangdong University blood purification technology and Engineering Research Center(GCZX-A1104)+2 种基金Guangzhou entrepreneurial leader talent/LCY201215Guangdong science and technology project in the field of social de velopment(2013B021400002)Guangdong Provincial Center for clini cal engineering of blood purification(507204531040)
文摘Objective To explore the method of safety and efficacy validation of hemodialysis machine,and observe the clinical efficacy of OBERS-3000 multifunctional hemodialysis machine.Methods Randomized,open,two-phase crossover and positive control design,a total of 72 patients from two hospitals were included.OBERS-3000 multifunctional hemodialysis machine was the test machine,and the Fresenius 4008 series hemodialysis machine was as the control machine,indicators of blood routine test,serum electrolytes,liver and kidney function test,blood gas analysis,CRP were compared,body weight before and after hemodialysis,ultrafiltration volume were recorded,urea clearance index,urea reduction ratio were calculated.The XL90 conductivity meter was connected in series in the test machine,to monitor the temperature,conductance,venous pressure and arterial pressure during the dialysis in real time,and the measured value were compared with the machine monitoring value.Results Both of the test machine and the control machine could effectively eliminate creatinine,urea nitrogen and other uremic toxins,could continuously supply qualified dialysate,and precisely control the ultrafiltration volume.There were no significant differences in temperature,conductance,venous pressure and arterial pressure monitoring with the real time measured value by XL90 conductivity meter.Conclusions OBERS-3000 multifunctional hemodialysis machine can effectively eliminate uremic toxins,maintain electrolyte and acid-base balance,and can accurately display the monitoring parameters.
基金Guangdong Obers Blood Purification Academician Work station(2013B090400004)Construction of collaborative platform for clinical research and clinical research of blood purifica tion(201604020175)+4 种基金Guangzhou entrepreneurial leader talent/LCY201215Guangdong University blood purification technology and Engineering Research Center(GCZX-A1104)Guangdong Provincial Center for clinical engineering of blood purification(507204531040)Guangzhou Devel op ment Zone entrepreneur ship leading talent project(2017-L153)Science and technology plan project of Guangdong industrial high and new technology field(2013B010203019)
文摘Liver failure which can be caused by viral hepatitis,alcohol,drugs,metabolic diseases,autoimmune processes or other fac tors is the end stage of chronic liver disease.Although liver transplantation is currently considered to be the primary treatment measures of chronic liver disease.Due to donor shortages,surgical complications and immune rejection,cell therapy has been extensively studied.?Hepa tocyte transplantation and artificial liver have evolved into a simpler alternative to liver failure treatment.Artificial liver can be used as Liver replacement therapy in patients who were waiting for the liver transplantation with chronic liver disease.The ideal biological artificial liver must have the liver material metabolism,detoxification,synthesis and secretion and other functions.Nowadays bio-artificial liver has carried out a large number of clinical trials and get some progress.?This article is now discuss the status of bio-artificial liver and its re placement therapy prospects.
基金Guangdong Obers Blood Purification Academician Work station(2013B090400004)Construction of collaborative platform for clinical research and clinical research of blood purifica tion(201604020175)+2 种基金Guangzhou entrepreneurial leader talent/LCY201215Guangdong University blood purification technology and Engineering Re search Center(GCZX-A1104)Guangdong Provincial Center for clinical engineering of blood purification(507204531040)
文摘1 Introduction Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus(NPSLE)is a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),with an incidence of about 30%to 40%[1].No matter early or late SLE patients are prone to concurrent,so early diagnosis and treatment of NPSLE is extremely important.
基金Guangdong Obers Blood Purification Aca demician Work station(2013B090400004)Guangzhou entrepreneurial leader talent/LCY201215+3 种基金Science and technology plan project of Guangdong in dustri al high and new technology field(2013B010203019)Construc tion of col laborative platform for clinical research and clinical research of blood purification(201604020175)Guangdong University blood purifi cation tech nology and Engineering Re search Center(GCZX-A1104)Guangdong Innovation Fund Project(2014A010101123)
文摘There are 3 kinds of Renal Replacement Therapy:hemodialysis,peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation.Although a kidney transplant would be the best solution,organ donations are limited and the transplanted organs can be rejected by the body.Hemodialysis is a widely recognized and near-universally available treatment method,however,the patient must make at least 3 weekly visits to a hospital to undergo treatment,with each session lasting on average around 4 hours.Consequently this can have an impact on the patients’life,including work and travel.Since the clinical populariza-
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32270302 and No.32030006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(SCU2022D003)。
文摘ACYL-CoA-BINDING PROTEINs(ACBPs)play crucial regulatory roles during plant response to hypoxia,but their molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood.Our study reveals that ACBP4 serves as a positive regulator of the plant hypoxia response by interacting with WRKY70,influencing its nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in Arabidopsis thaliana.Furthermore,we demonstrate the direct binding of WRKY70 to the ACBP4 promoter,resulting in its upregulation and suggesting a positive feedback loop.Additionally,we pinpointed a phosphorylation site at Ser638 of ACBP4,which enhances submergence tolerance,potentially by facilitating WRKY70's nuclear shuttling.Surprisingly,a natural variation in this phosphorylation site of ACBP4 allowed A.thaliana to adapt to humid conditions during its historical demographic expansion.We further observed that both phosphorylated ACBP4 and oleoyl-Co A can impede the interaction between ACBP4 and WRKY70,thus promoting WRKY70's nuclear translocation.Finally,we found that the overexpression of orthologous Bna C5.ACBP4and Bna A7.WRKY70 in Brassica napus increases submergence tolerance,indicating their functional similarity across genera.In summary,our research not only sheds light on the functional significance of the ACBP4 gene in hypoxia response,but also underscores its potential utility in breeding flooding-tolerant oilseed rape varieties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62222402,U2004175,and 51902086).
文摘Electrochromic devices(ECDs)have been extensively investigated as promising candidates in broad cutting-edge applications,such as smart windows,electronic labels,adaptive camouflage,etc.However,they have suffered from either inadequate color variations or poor cycling stability for a long time.Herein,we developed a general strategy to boost the cyclic stability and enrich the color variations of ECDs by scrupulous design of the composition and nanostructure of electrodes,in which porous tin oxide(SnO_(2))nanosheets serve as the scaffold and typical metal oxides or conducting polymers as the active electrochromic materials.Various electrochromic composite materials,including polyaniline(PANI)@SnO_(2),V2O5@SnO_(2),and WO_(3)@SnO_(2) heterostructured nanoarrays were prepared by the facile wet-chemical method.These composite electrodes exhibit remarkable electrochromic performances,e.g.,superior cycling stability(more than 2000 cycles),rich color variations(more than 5 colors for PANI@SnO_(2)),and enlarged optical modulation.These excellent performances account for the heterogenous porous nanoarrays,which not only facilitate the intercalation/extraction of ions but also relieve the stress generated during the electrochemical process.In addition,diverse prototypes of complementary multicolor ECD with excellent cycling stability(over thousands of cycles)and rich color variations(8 colors)were realized for the first time.We believe that our work put forward a general strategy for developing high-quality multicolor complementary electrochromic devices.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(32030006 and 32270302)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB31000000)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020SCUNL207 and SCU2022D003)。
文摘Coordinated plant adaptation involves the interplay of multiple traits driven by habitat-specific selection pressures. Pleiotropic effects, wherein genetic variants of a single gene control multiple traits, can expedite such adaptations. Until present, only a limited number of genes have been reported to exhibit pleiotropy. Here, we create a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from two Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) ecotypes originating from divergent habitats. Using this RIL population, we identify an allelic variation in a MADS-box transcription factor, SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP), which exerts a pleiotropic effect on leaf size and drought-versus-humidity tolerance. Further investigation reveals that a natural null variant of the SVP protein disrupts its normal regulatory interactions with target genes, including GRF3, CYP707A1/3, and AtBG1, leading to increased leaf size, enhanced tolerance to humid conditions, and changes in flowering time of humid conditions in A. thaliana. Remarkably, polymorphic variations in this gene have been traced back to early A. thaliana populations, providing a genetic foundation and plasticity for subsequent colonization of diverse habitats by influencing multiple traits. These findings advance our understanding of how plants rapidly adapt to changing environments by virtue of the pleiotropic effects of individual genes on multiple trait alterations.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20206,61922033,62275097)Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(2022WNLOKF007)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M711243).
文摘Self-assembly of particle-like dissipative solitons,in the presence of mutual interactions,emphasizes the vibrant concept of soliton molecules in varieties of laser resonators.Controllable manipulation of the molecular patterns,held by the degrees of freedom of internal motions,still remains challenging to explore more efficient and subtle tailoring approaches for the increasing demands.Here,we report a new phase-tailored quaternary encoding format based on the controllable internal assembly of dissipative soliton molecules.Artificial manipulation of the energy exchange of soliton-molecular elements stimulates the deterministic harnessing of the assemblies of internal dynamics.Self-assembled soliton molecules are tailored into four phase-defined regimes,thus constituting the phase-tailored quaternary encoding format.Such phase-tailored streams are endowed with great robustness and are resistant to significant timing jitter.All these results experimentally demonstrate the programmable phase tailoring and exemplify the application of the phase-tailored quaternary encoding,prospectively promoting high-capacity all-optical storage.
基金Genqiang Zhang acknowledges the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52072359)the Recruitment Program of Global Experts and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2060000016).
文摘Bismuth-based electrocatalysts are promising candidates for electrochemical CO_(2)reduction to formate attributing to the accelerated formation of*OCHO intermediate,while the high-energy consumption remains a major challenge for practicability.Herein,we present the ultrathin Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3)nanosheets with abundant oxygen vacancy(Vo-BOC-NS)reconstructed from S,N-co-doped bismuth oxides that can act as durable electrocatalyst for CO_(2)-to-formate conversion with faradic efficiency(FEformate)of>95%,partial current density of 286 mA cm^(-2) with energy efficiency of 73.8%at-0.62 V(vs.RHE)and low overpotential of 200 mV in a flow electrolyzer.The theoretical calculations decipher that the oxygen vacancy can optimize*OCOH adsorption/desorption for the accelerated conversion kinetics.The pair-electrosynthesis tactic of formate co-production can enable a superior FE_(formate) of>90%at wide cell voltage of 2–3.3 V and total yield rate of 3742μmol cm^(-2)h^(-1)at 3.3 V,suggesting great potential for future industrialization.