Hub genes associated with immune cell infiltration in breast cancer, identified through bioinformatic analyses of multiple datasets

Objective:The aim of this study was to identify hub genes associated with immune cell infiltration in breast cancer through bioinformatic analyses of multiple datasets.Methods:Nonparametric(NOISeq)and robust rank aggregation-ranked parametric(EdgeR)methods were used to assess robust differentially expressed genes across multiple datasets.Protein-protein interaction network,GO,KEGG enrichment,and subnetwork analyses were performed to identify immune-associated hub genes in breast cancer.Immune cell infiltration was evaluated with the CIBERSORT,XCELL,and TIMER methods.The association between the hub gene-based risk signature and survival was determined through Kaplan–Meier survival analysis,multivariate Cox analysis,and a nomogram with external verification.Results:We identified 163 robust differentially expressed genes in breast cancer through applying both nonparametric and parametric methods to multiple GEO(n=2,212)and TCGA(n=1,045)datasets.Integrated bioinformatic analyses further identified 10 hub genes:CXCL10,CXCL9,CXCL11,SPP1,POSTN,MMP9,DPT,COL1A1,ADAMDEC1,and RGS1.The 10 hub-gene-based risk signature significantly correlated with the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.Moreover,these hub genes were strongly associated with the extent of infiltration of CD4+T cells,CD8+T cells,neutrophils,macrophages,and myeloid dendritic cells into breast tumors.Conclusions:Integrated analyses of multiple databases led to the discovery of 10 robust hub genes that together may serve as a risk factor characteristic of the immune microenvironment in breast cancer.

Clinical Report on Californium-252 Neutron Intraluminal Brachytherapy Combined with External Irradiation for Cervical Carcinoma Treatment

OBJECTIVE To observe the curative effects and complications of californium-252 （^252Cf） neutron intraluminal brachytherapy （IBT） combined with external irradiation （El） for treatment of cervical carcinoma.METHODS From December 2000 to December 2004, 128 cases of cer vical carcinoma staged into IIA-IIIB according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics （FIGO） standards were treated with ^252Cf neutron IBT using 8-10 Gy per fraction, once a week. The total dose at reference A point was 36-40 Gy in 4-5 fractions. From the second day after ^252Cf neutron IBT treatment, the whole pelvic cavity was treated with ^60Co y-ray El, applying 2 Gy per fraction, 4 times per week. After 20-25Gy of El, the center of the whole pelvic field was blocked with 4 cm of lead in width. The total dose of El was 45-50 Gy.RESULTS The short-term therapeutic effects were CR 95.3% and PR 4.7%. The 3 and 5-year local control rates were 93.5% and 87.9%. The overall 3-year survival rate was 87.5% and for Stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ , 90.9% and 81.5% respectively; the overall 5-year survival rate was 70% and for Stages II and III, 76.2% and 61% respectively. The rate of radiation complications was 4.7% for radiation cystitis, 7.8% for radiation proctitis, 6.3% for vagina contracture and adhesion and 5.5% for protracted radiation proctitis.CONCLUSION An combination of ^252Cf neutron IBT with El for treatment of cervical carcinoma can be well-tolerated by cervical carcinoma patients. The rate of local tumor control is high and radiation complications are few.

Durable Design of Superhydrophobic Coatings with TiO_(2)Particles and Al_(2)O_(3)Whiskers for the Enhanced Anti-icing Performance

Superhydrophobic coatings with high non-wetting properties are widely applied in anti-icing applications.However,the micro-nanostructures on the surfaces of superhydrophobic coatings are fragile under external forces,resulting in reduced durability.Therefore,mechanical strength and durability play a crucial role in the utilization of superhydrophobic materials.In this study,we employed a two-step spraying method to fabricate superhydrophobic FEVE-based coatings with exceptional mechanical durability,utilizing fluorinated TiO_(2)nanoparticles and fluorinated Al_(2)O_(3)microwhiskers as the fillers.The composite coating exhibited commendable non-wetting properties,displaying a contact angle of 164.84°and a sliding angle of 4.3°.On this basis,the stability of coatings was significantly improved due to the interlocking effect of Al_(2)O_(3)whiskers.After 500 tape peeling cycles,500 sandpaper abrasion tests,and 50 kg falling sand impact tests,the coatings retained superhydrophobicity,exhibiting excellent durability and application capability.Notably,the ice adhesion strength on the coatings was measured at only 65.4 kPa,while the icing delay time reached 271.8 s at-15℃.In addition,throughout 500 freezing/melting cycles,statistical analysis revealed that the superhydrophobic coatings exhibited a freezing initiation temperature as low as-17.25℃.

Coordinated Suppression Method of Fault Current for DC Grid with Novel Dissipative Resistors Topology

A DC grid based on half-bridge modular multilevel converters(HB-MMC)is a feasible means to realize the friendly grid connection of renewable energy.To solve problems such as the high cost and technical difficulty of DC circuit breakers(DCCB),a coordinated control method for fault current suppression of DC grid connecting wind power is proposed.The key influencing factors of DC fault current are revealed by fault characteristics analysis,and an adaptive current-limiting control method for MMC is proposed,whose parameter selection principles are designed to ensure the safe operation of equipment while achieving effective suppression of fault current.In addition,a novel configuration method of dissipative resistors with the current-limiting function is proposed,which can solve the problem of surplus power in the DC grid and reduce the current stress of converter valves.Based on this,a coordination scheme of dissipative resistors,the adaptive current-limiting control method,and DCCBs are proposed to block fault current,effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of DCCB.Finally,a four-terminal DC grid simulation model is built based on the RTLAB OP5600 real-time digital simulation platform,and the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed methods are verified.

PHONONIC BAND GAPS IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL HYBRID TRIANGULAR LATTICE

Absolute phononic band gaps can be substantially improved in two-dimensional lattices by using a symmetry reduction approach. In this paper, the propagation of elastic waves in a two-dirnensional hybrid triangular lattice structure consisting of stainless steel cylinders in air is investigated theoretically. The band structure is calculated with the plane wave expansion （PWE） method. The hybrid triangular Bravais lattice is formed by two kinds of triangular lattices. Different from ordinary triangular lattices, the band gap opens at low frequency （between the first and the second bands） regime because of lifting the bands degeneracy at high symmetry points of the Brillouin zone. The location and width of the band gaps can be tuned by the position of the additional rods.

DP-UserPro:differentially private user profile construction and publication

User profiles are widely used in the age of big data.However,generating and releasing user profiles may cause serious privacy leakage,since a large number of personal data are collected and analyzed.In this paper,we propose a differentially private user profile construction method DP-UserPro,which is composed of DP-CLIQUE and privately top-κtags selection.DP-CLIQUE is a differentially private high dimensional data cluster algorithm based on CLIQUE.The multidimensional tag space is divided into cells,Laplace noises are added into the count value of each cell.Based on the breadth-first-search,the largest connected dense cells are clustered into a cluster.Then a privately top-κtags selection approach is proposed based on the score function of each tag,to select the most importantκtags which can represent the characteristics of the cluster.Privacy and utility of DP-UserPro are theoretically analyzed and experimentally evaluated in the last.Comparison experiments are carried out with Tag Suppression algorithm on two real datasets,to measure the False Negative Rate(FNR)and precision.The results show that DP-UserPro outperforms Tag Suppression by 62.5%in the best case and 14.25%in the worst case on FNR,and DP-UserPro is about 21.1%better on precision than that of Tag Suppression,in average.

Distributed regularized online optimization using forward-backward splitting

This paper considers the problem of distributed online regularized optimization over a network that consists of multiple interacting nodes.Each node is endowed with a sequence of loss functions that are time-varying and a regularization function that is fixed over time.A distributed forward-backward splitting algorithm is proposed for solving this problem and both fixed and adaptive learning rates are adopted.For both cases,we show that the regret upper bounds scale as O(VT),where T is the time horizon.In particular,those rates match the centralized counterpart.Finally,we show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms over an online distributed regularized linear regression problem.

Controlling the Chain Folding for the Synthesis of Single-Chain Polymer Nanoparticles Using Thermoresponsive Polymers

Synthetic polymer single-chain nanoparticles(SCNPs)are an emerging new class of nanomaterials that possess similar folded structures as natural proteins.However,most SCNPs reported so far are packed loosely in their interior,resembling those of intrinsically disordered proteins(IDPs).Here,we report a facile strategy to synthesize SCNPs with controllable folding in aqueous solution.