Phosphorylated TDP-43 Staging of Primary Age-Related Tauopathy

Primary age-related tauopathy(PART) is characterized by tau neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs) in the absence of amyloid plaque pathology. In the present study,we analyzed the distribution patterns of phosphorylated43-kDa TAR DNA-binding protein(pTDP-43) in the brains of patients with PART. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence double-labeling in multiple brain regions was performed on brain tissues from PART,Alzheimer's disease(AD), and aging control cases. We examined the regional distribution patterns of pTDP-43 intraneuronal inclusions in PART with Braak NFT stages[ 0 and B IV, and a Thal phase of 0(no beta-amyloid present). We found four stages which indicated potentially sequential dissemination of pTDP-43 in PART. Stage I was characterized by the presence of pTDP-43 lesions in the amygdala, stage II by such lesions in the hippocampus,stage III by spread of pTDP-43 to the neocortex, and stage IV by pTDP-43 lesions in the putamen, pallidum, and insular cortex. In general, the distribution pattern of pTDP-43 pathology in PART cases was similar to the early TDP-43 stages reported in AD, but tended to be more restricted to the limbic system. However, there were some differences in the distribution patterns of pTDP-43 between PART and AD, especially in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Positive correlations were found in PART between the Braak NFT stage and the pTDP-43 stage and density.

Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Chinese Patients over 80 Years of Age with Acute Ischemic Stroke： A Pilot Study

Dear Editor,Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator（rt-PA）remains the only proven therapy for acute ischemic stroke patients who meet the selection criteria for treatment[1–3].A small number of studies have investigated the efficacy of rt-PA for elderly stroke patients in Japanese and Caucasian populations[4,5].According to the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Guidelines,