Reconstruction of plasma equilibrium plays an important role in the analysis and simulation of plasma experiments. The kinetic equilibrium reconstruction with pressure and edge current constraints has been employed on...Reconstruction of plasma equilibrium plays an important role in the analysis and simulation of plasma experiments. The kinetic equilibrium reconstruction with pressure and edge current constraints has been employed on EAST tokamak. However, the internal safety factor(q) profile is not accurate. This paper proposes a new way of incorporating q profile constraints into kinetic equilibrium reconstruction. The q profile is yielded from the Polarimeter Interferometer(POINT)reconstruction. Virtual probes containing information on q profile constraints are added to inputs of the kinetic equilibrium reconstruction program to obtain the final equilibrium. The new equilibrium produces a more accurate internal q profile. This improved method would help analyze EAST experiments.展开更多
A dispersion interferometer(DI)has been installed and operates on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This DI system utilizes a continuous-wave 9.3μm CO_(2)laser source to measure line-averaged el...A dispersion interferometer(DI)has been installed and operates on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This DI system utilizes a continuous-wave 9.3μm CO_(2)laser source to measure line-averaged electron densities accurately.In contrast to conventional interferometers,the DI does not require substantial vibration isolations or compensating systems to reduce the impact of vibrations in the optical path.It also employs a ratio of modulation amplitudes,ensuring it remains immune to the variations in detected intensities.Without a variation compensation system,the DI system on EAST reaches a density resolution of less than1.8×10^(-2)πrad and a temporal resolution of 20μs.The measurements made by the POlarimeterINTerferometer(POINT)system and the far-infrared hydrogen cyanide(HCN)interferometer are remarkably consistent with the DI’s results.The possibility of fringe jumps and the impact of refraction in high-density discharge can be significantly decreased using a shorter wavelength laser source.A rapid density change of 3×10^(19)m^(-3)during 0.15 s has been measured accurately in shot No.114755 of EAST.Additionally,the DI system demonstrates dependability and stability under 305 s long-pulse discharges in shot No.122054.展开更多
Objective To identify the pathogenic variant responsible for restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM) in a Chinese family.Methods Next generation sequencing was used for detecting the mutation and results verified by sequencin...Objective To identify the pathogenic variant responsible for restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM) in a Chinese family.Methods Next generation sequencing was used for detecting the mutation and results verified by sequencing.We used restriction enzyme digestion to test the mutation in the family members and 200 unrelated normal subjects without any cardiac inherited diseases when the mutation was identified.Results Five individuals died from cardiac diseases,two of whom suffered from sudden cardiac death.Two individuals have suffered from chronic cardiac disorders.Mutation analysis revealed a novel missense mutation in exon 7 of troponin Ⅰ type 3(TNNI3),resulting in substitution of serine(S) with proline(P) at amino acid position 150,which cosegregated with the disease in the family,which is predicted to be probably damaging using PolyPhen-2.The mutation was not detected in the 200 unrelated subjects we tested.Conclusion Using next generation sequencing,which has very recently been shown to be successful in identifying novel causative mutations of rare Mendelian disorders,we found a novel mutation of TNNI3 in a Chinese family with RCM.展开更多
Reverse-sheared Alfv6n eigenmodes （RSAEs） have been observed by using an interferometer and ECE diagnostics in NBI heated ELMy H-mode plasma on EAST tokamak. A typical feature of these modes is a fast frequency swee...Reverse-sheared Alfv6n eigenmodes （RSAEs） have been observed by using an interferometer and ECE diagnostics in NBI heated ELMy H-mode plasma on EAST tokamak. A typical feature of these modes is a fast frequency sweeping upward from -80 kHz to -110 kHz in hundred milliseconds during which the plasma temperature, density and rotation keeps no change. Only core channels of the interferometer can observe these modes, implying a core localized mode. The ECE measurement further showed that these modes located at about ρ = 0.37-0.46, just around the position of qmin with ρ -0.4. These core localized modes are very weak in the magnetic fluctuations measured by mirnov probes mounted at the machine vacuum vessel. A multiple frequency fluctuation component, seemingly the so-called ＇grand cascades＇, was also clearly observed on the ECE signal at ρ = 0.46. During the phase, a transient internal transport barrier （ITB） in ion temperature and toroidal rotation was observed and the ITB foot was just close to the position of qmin. A modulation of RSAE frequency by ELM event was observed and this modulation could be attributed to rotation decrease or qmin increase due to ELM. Further study of these modes in EAST can provide valuable constraints for the q profile measurement and will be important for the long pulse operation.展开更多
We report on current profile evolution in EAST NBI driven plasmas where two neutral beams are injected,one during the current ramp phase and the second during flattop.At the end of the current ramp phase,it is found t...We report on current profile evolution in EAST NBI driven plasmas where two neutral beams are injected,one during the current ramp phase and the second during flattop.At the end of the current ramp phase,it is found that a flat q profile with q0-1 is achieved with low magnetic shear in the core.It is observed that plasma current and density both relax much faster than resistive time,even in the absence of sawtooth activity when H-L transition occurs.Density fluctuations associated with magnetic perturbations（3/2） as a precursor to the H-L transition are observed.It is likely that these modes play a role in fast current transport.展开更多
An internal transport barrier(ITB)can be formed on EAST in exploring high-parameter operation.Previous studies show that safety factor(q)profiles,Shafranov shift and magnetohydrodynamic behaviors could be helpful in I...An internal transport barrier(ITB)can be formed on EAST in exploring high-parameter operation.Previous studies show that safety factor(q)profiles,Shafranov shift and magnetohydrodynamic behaviors could be helpful in ITB formation by suppressing anomalous transport.Recently,electron density evolution with high resolution demonstrates that fishbone could be dominant in electron density ITB formation and sustainment.The power threshold is low in the fishbone condition and the electron density profile is determined by traits of fishbone.Simulation shows that the low-k ion mode is suppressed by fishbone.Direct measurement of turbulence in the inner region shows that the internal kink mode could sustain an electron temperature ITB by suppressing the trapped electron mode.The multi-scale interaction between the kink mode and turbulence by current could be key in sustaining high-electron-temperature long-pulse operation.展开更多
To the Editor:Portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT)is present in 10%to 40%of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)at diagnosis and has a profound adverse effect on progno-sis.[1]Sorafenib is recommended as the first-...To the Editor:Portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT)is present in 10%to 40%of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)at diagnosis and has a profound adverse effect on progno-sis.[1]Sorafenib is recommended as the first-line treatment for patients with advanced HCC,including those who have PVTT.However,its efficacy is modest.[1,2]A combination of transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)and sorafenib(TACE-S)has been reported to be associated with improved outcomes.[1,3]But unfortunately,its efficacy in controlling PVTT remained limited,with an objective response rate(ORR)of only 9.7%.[3]Previous studies have demonstrated that iodine-125(125I)seed brachytherapy targeting PVTT can lead to a significant reduction in tumor thrombus with few complications.[4,5]We hypothesized that TACE-S combined with 125I seed brachytherapy(TACE-S-I)could improve the control of PVTT and confer a greater survival benefit.Therefore,we conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TACE-S-I compared with TACE-S in HCC patients with PVTT.This study was approved by our institutional review board(No.2020-hg-ks-03).展开更多
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2019YFE03040004 and 2017YFE0300404)supported by Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology Program of China(No.2018000052-73-01-001228)。
文摘Reconstruction of plasma equilibrium plays an important role in the analysis and simulation of plasma experiments. The kinetic equilibrium reconstruction with pressure and edge current constraints has been employed on EAST tokamak. However, the internal safety factor(q) profile is not accurate. This paper proposes a new way of incorporating q profile constraints into kinetic equilibrium reconstruction. The q profile is yielded from the Polarimeter Interferometer(POINT)reconstruction. Virtual probes containing information on q profile constraints are added to inputs of the kinetic equilibrium reconstruction program to obtain the final equilibrium. The new equilibrium produces a more accurate internal q profile. This improved method would help analyze EAST experiments.
基金supported by the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology Program of China(No.2018-000052-7301-001228)the Major Special Science and Technology Project of Anhui Province(No.912188707023)。
文摘A dispersion interferometer(DI)has been installed and operates on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This DI system utilizes a continuous-wave 9.3μm CO_(2)laser source to measure line-averaged electron densities accurately.In contrast to conventional interferometers,the DI does not require substantial vibration isolations or compensating systems to reduce the impact of vibrations in the optical path.It also employs a ratio of modulation amplitudes,ensuring it remains immune to the variations in detected intensities.Without a variation compensation system,the DI system on EAST reaches a density resolution of less than1.8×10^(-2)πrad and a temporal resolution of 20μs.The measurements made by the POlarimeterINTerferometer(POINT)system and the far-infrared hydrogen cyanide(HCN)interferometer are remarkably consistent with the DI’s results.The possibility of fringe jumps and the impact of refraction in high-density discharge can be significantly decreased using a shorter wavelength laser source.A rapid density change of 3×10^(19)m^(-3)during 0.15 s has been measured accurately in shot No.114755 of EAST.Additionally,the DI system demonstrates dependability and stability under 305 s long-pulse discharges in shot No.122054.
文摘Objective To identify the pathogenic variant responsible for restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM) in a Chinese family.Methods Next generation sequencing was used for detecting the mutation and results verified by sequencing.We used restriction enzyme digestion to test the mutation in the family members and 200 unrelated normal subjects without any cardiac inherited diseases when the mutation was identified.Results Five individuals died from cardiac diseases,two of whom suffered from sudden cardiac death.Two individuals have suffered from chronic cardiac disorders.Mutation analysis revealed a novel missense mutation in exon 7 of troponin Ⅰ type 3(TNNI3),resulting in substitution of serine(S) with proline(P) at amino acid position 150,which cosegregated with the disease in the family,which is predicted to be probably damaging using PolyPhen-2.The mutation was not detected in the 200 unrelated subjects we tested.Conclusion Using next generation sequencing,which has very recently been shown to be successful in identifying novel causative mutations of rare Mendelian disorders,we found a novel mutation of TNNI3 in a Chinese family with RCM.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2014GB106004)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11605235, 11675211, 11505221)Scientific Research Grant of Hefei Science Center of CAS (No. 2015SRG-HSC010)
文摘Reverse-sheared Alfv6n eigenmodes （RSAEs） have been observed by using an interferometer and ECE diagnostics in NBI heated ELMy H-mode plasma on EAST tokamak. A typical feature of these modes is a fast frequency sweeping upward from -80 kHz to -110 kHz in hundred milliseconds during which the plasma temperature, density and rotation keeps no change. Only core channels of the interferometer can observe these modes, implying a core localized mode. The ECE measurement further showed that these modes located at about ρ = 0.37-0.46, just around the position of qmin with ρ -0.4. These core localized modes are very weak in the magnetic fluctuations measured by mirnov probes mounted at the machine vacuum vessel. A multiple frequency fluctuation component, seemingly the so-called ＇grand cascades＇, was also clearly observed on the ECE signal at ρ = 0.46. During the phase, a transient internal transport barrier （ITB） in ion temperature and toroidal rotation was observed and the ITB foot was just close to the position of qmin. A modulation of RSAE frequency by ELM event was observed and this modulation could be attributed to rotation decrease or qmin increase due to ELM. Further study of these modes in EAST can provide valuable constraints for the q profile measurement and will be important for the long pulse operation.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China,contract No.2014GB106002partly supported by the US D.O.E.contract DESC0010469partly supported by the Major Program of Development Foundation of Hefei Center for Physical Science and Technology with contract No.2016FXZY007
文摘We report on current profile evolution in EAST NBI driven plasmas where two neutral beams are injected,one during the current ramp phase and the second during flattop.At the end of the current ramp phase,it is found that a flat q profile with q0-1 is achieved with low magnetic shear in the core.It is observed that plasma current and density both relax much faster than resistive time,even in the absence of sawtooth activity when H-L transition occurs.Density fluctuations associated with magnetic perturbations（3/2） as a precursor to the H-L transition are observed.It is likely that these modes play a role in fast current transport.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFE0301705)supported in part by the Key Program of Research and Development of Hefei Science Center,CAS(No.2019HSC-KPRD001)+1 种基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11975271 and 11675211)partly supported by the Collaborative Research Program of the Research Institute for Applied Mechanics,Kyushu University。
文摘An internal transport barrier(ITB)can be formed on EAST in exploring high-parameter operation.Previous studies show that safety factor(q)profiles,Shafranov shift and magnetohydrodynamic behaviors could be helpful in ITB formation by suppressing anomalous transport.Recently,electron density evolution with high resolution demonstrates that fishbone could be dominant in electron density ITB formation and sustainment.The power threshold is low in the fishbone condition and the electron density profile is determined by traits of fishbone.Simulation shows that the low-k ion mode is suppressed by fishbone.Direct measurement of turbulence in the inner region shows that the internal kink mode could sustain an electron temperature ITB by suppressing the trapped electron mode.The multi-scale interaction between the kink mode and turbulence by current could be key in sustaining high-electron-temperature long-pulse operation.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81873920,81571774)the High-Level University Clinical Research Promotion Program of Guangzhou Medical University(No.B185004019)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou(No.202002030135)the Medical Science and Technology Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.A2019187,B2019055,and B2019089)。
文摘To the Editor:Portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT)is present in 10%to 40%of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)at diagnosis and has a profound adverse effect on progno-sis.[1]Sorafenib is recommended as the first-line treatment for patients with advanced HCC,including those who have PVTT.However,its efficacy is modest.[1,2]A combination of transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)and sorafenib(TACE-S)has been reported to be associated with improved outcomes.[1,3]But unfortunately,its efficacy in controlling PVTT remained limited,with an objective response rate(ORR)of only 9.7%.[3]Previous studies have demonstrated that iodine-125(125I)seed brachytherapy targeting PVTT can lead to a significant reduction in tumor thrombus with few complications.[4,5]We hypothesized that TACE-S combined with 125I seed brachytherapy(TACE-S-I)could improve the control of PVTT and confer a greater survival benefit.Therefore,we conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TACE-S-I compared with TACE-S in HCC patients with PVTT.This study was approved by our institutional review board(No.2020-hg-ks-03).
