目的:,联合多种测序技术分析1例埃利伟综合征(Ellis-van Creveld syndrome,EVC综合征)胎儿基因变异,为遗传咨询提供依据。方法:孕24周时超声检查提示胎儿双手轴后六指、四肢长骨短、心脏畸形和主动脉弓缩窄等。采集胎儿羊水及父母抗凝全...目的:,联合多种测序技术分析1例埃利伟综合征(Ellis-van Creveld syndrome,EVC综合征)胎儿基因变异,为遗传咨询提供依据。方法:孕24周时超声检查提示胎儿双手轴后六指、四肢长骨短、心脏畸形和主动脉弓缩窄等。采集胎儿羊水及父母抗凝全血,提取基因组DNA,通过高通量测序平台进行Trio全外显子组测序(Trio-whole exome sequencing,Trio-WES)及低深度全基因组拷贝数变异测序(copy number variation sequencing,CNV-seq),利用Sanger测序及实时定量聚合酶链反应对疑似致病变异进行验证。结果:Trio-WES测序结果显示胎儿EVC2基因发生复合杂合变异:c.682G>C(p.A228P)纯合变异和loss1(Exon:2-22)all杂合缺失,经验证两个变异分别来源于其父母。根据美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会(American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics,ACMG)指南判定:c.682G>C(p.A228P)和loss1(Exon:2-22)all均为可能致病性变异,评分依据分别为PM1+PM2_Supporting+PM3+PP4和PVS1+PM2_Supporting。该胎儿确诊为EVC综合征,经遗传咨询后孕妇选择终止妊娠。结论:EVC2基因的c.682G>C(p.A228P)和loss1(Exon:2-22)all复合杂合变异可能是该EVC综合征胎儿的致病原因,上述两种变异均为新发变异,扩充了EVC2基因的突变谱,同时为该病的产前遗传咨询提供了理论依据。展开更多
目的:对1例产前B超提示骨骼系统发育异常,疑似宫内生长受限的胎儿进行基因检测及生物信息学分析以明确其致病原因。方法:采集胎儿羊水及父母外周血,提取基因组DNA,利用高通量测序平台进行家系全外显子组测序(whole exome sequencing,WES...目的:对1例产前B超提示骨骼系统发育异常,疑似宫内生长受限的胎儿进行基因检测及生物信息学分析以明确其致病原因。方法:采集胎儿羊水及父母外周血,提取基因组DNA,利用高通量测序平台进行家系全外显子组测序(whole exome sequencing,WES)及拷贝数变异测序(copy number variation sequencing,CNV-seq)技术检测,可疑结果经Sanger测序进行验证。结果:胎儿高迁移率族蛋白A2(high mobility group protein AT-Hook-2,HMGA2)基因存在c.223C>T(p.R75W)新发变异,导致氨基酸改变为p.R75W(p.Arg75Trp),为错义突变。根据美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会(American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics,ACMG)指南评级,该变异判定为可能致病性(likely pathogenic):PS2+PM2_Supporting+PP3+PS4_Supporting。根据其临床表型,该胎儿被确诊为常染色体显性遗传的Silver-Russell综合征5型(Silver-Russell syndrome 5,SRS5)。Sanger测序确证了其变异的真实性。结论:HMGA2基因的c.223C>T(p.R75W)杂合致病性变异可能是SRS5的遗传学致病原因,扩充了该基因的变异谱,同时为该胎儿的产前遗传咨询和后续的干预措施提供了理论依据。展开更多
Fruit softening in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is closely associated with cell wall disassembly,which is brought about through the action of a range of cell wall structure-related enzymes and other proteins such as ex...Fruit softening in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is closely associated with cell wall disassembly,which is brought about through the action of a range of cell wall structure-related enzymes and other proteins such as expansins.Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase(XTH)(EC 2.4.1.207 and/or EC 3.2.1.151)has been proposed to be key player involved in xyloglucan metabolism.SlXTH5 showed the highest expression level among all SlXTHs during tomato ripening.In this study,the role of SlXTH5 involved in tomato softening was investigated in CRISPR-based knockout mutants of SlXTH5.Loss-of-function of SlXTH5 in transgenic tomato lines resulted in slightly firmer fruit pericarp,but significantly decreased their color index compared with azygous wild type(WT)control fruits.Increased paste viscosity was detected in CRISPR mutants,indicating that the activity of SlXTH5 is responsible for maintaining cell wall structural integrity.Immunocytochemistry studies were performed using the monoclonal antibody probe LM25 to examine the localization and distribution of xyloglucan in the pericarp cells of the CRISPR mutant fruits.The data indicated more xyloglucan was retained in the pericarp of CRISPR mutant fruit than in WT control fruit.This study revealed the link between SlXTH5 and xyloglucan metabolism and indicated the potential of manipulating SlXTH5 to regulate fruit softening.展开更多
Calmodulin(CaM)proteins play a key role in signal transduction under various stresses.In the present study,the effects of a sugarcane ScCaM gene(NCBI accession number:GQ246454)on drought and salt stress tolerance in t...Calmodulin(CaM)proteins play a key role in signal transduction under various stresses.In the present study,the effects of a sugarcane ScCaM gene(NCBI accession number:GQ246454)on drought and salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and Escherichia coli cells were evaluated.The results demonstrated a significant negative role of ScCaM in the drought and salt stress tolerance of transgenic lines of A.thaliana,as indicated by the phenotypes.In addition,the expression of AtP5CS and AtRD29A,two genes tightly related to stress resistance,was significantly lower in the overexpression lines than in the wild type.The growth of E.coli BL21 cells expressing ScCaM showed weaker tolerance under mannitol and NaCl stress.Taken together,this study revealed that the ScCaM gene plays a negative regulatory role in both mannitol and NaCl stresses,and it possibly exerts protective mechanisms common in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes under stress conditions.展开更多
报告收治的1例24岁,孕21周,有不良孕产史,血清学产前筛查示18-三体综合征高风险,四维彩色超声检查示异常,且无创产前基因检测结果示性染色体非整倍体高风险的孕妇情况,通过短串联重复序列(short tandem repeat,STR)片段分析技术和羊水...报告收治的1例24岁,孕21周,有不良孕产史,血清学产前筛查示18-三体综合征高风险,四维彩色超声检查示异常,且无创产前基因检测结果示性染色体非整倍体高风险的孕妇情况,通过短串联重复序列(short tandem repeat,STR)片段分析技术和羊水细胞培养染色体核型分析技术进行深入的遗传学检测和分析,胎儿羊水染色体核型为69,XXX;STR片段分析结果示胎儿为三倍体患者,致病原因是双雌受精,且在羊水样本中未见母源污染,胎儿考虑为纯合子三倍体,经遗传咨询后,孕妇选择了终止妊娠。在产前诊断中联合STR检测不仅可以排除母源污染的影响,还可以对染色体数目异常进行检测。展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most common cancer in western countries. Despite significant improvement in available treatment options, CRC still remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Traditio...Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most common cancer in western countries. Despite significant improvement in available treatment options, CRC still remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Traditionally, 5-fluorouracil has been used as the main chemotherapy drug for treatment of metastatic CRC(mCRC). However, during the last two decades more effective chemotherapeutic agents such as oxaliplatin, irinotecan and the monoclonal antibodies cetuximab, panitumumab and bevacizumab have been used in clinical practice. More recently, the therapeutic armamentarium has been supplemented by the monoclonal antibodies bevacizumab, cetuximab and panitumumab as well as the protein-trap aflibercept and the smallmolecule multi-kinase inhibitor regorafenib. One of the major problems for the management of CRC is the inherent or acquired resistance to therapeutic approaches. The discovery of microRNAs(miRNAs), a class of small, endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs that play a role as post-transcriptional regulators, has added new dimensions to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Because miRNAs are important regulators of carcinogenesis, progression, invasion, angiogenesis and metastases in CRC, they might serve as potential predictive and prognostic factors and even as therapeutic targets themselves. Several miRNAs are already known to be dysregulated in CRCs and have been linked to biological processes involved in tumor progression and response to anti-cancer therapies. This review summarizes current therapeutic approaches for treating CRC and highlights the role of miRNAs as novel predictive biomarkers and potential drug targets in CRC patients.展开更多
文摘目的:,联合多种测序技术分析1例埃利伟综合征(Ellis-van Creveld syndrome,EVC综合征)胎儿基因变异,为遗传咨询提供依据。方法:孕24周时超声检查提示胎儿双手轴后六指、四肢长骨短、心脏畸形和主动脉弓缩窄等。采集胎儿羊水及父母抗凝全血,提取基因组DNA,通过高通量测序平台进行Trio全外显子组测序(Trio-whole exome sequencing,Trio-WES)及低深度全基因组拷贝数变异测序(copy number variation sequencing,CNV-seq),利用Sanger测序及实时定量聚合酶链反应对疑似致病变异进行验证。结果:Trio-WES测序结果显示胎儿EVC2基因发生复合杂合变异:c.682G>C(p.A228P)纯合变异和loss1(Exon:2-22)all杂合缺失,经验证两个变异分别来源于其父母。根据美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会(American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics,ACMG)指南判定:c.682G>C(p.A228P)和loss1(Exon:2-22)all均为可能致病性变异,评分依据分别为PM1+PM2_Supporting+PM3+PP4和PVS1+PM2_Supporting。该胎儿确诊为EVC综合征,经遗传咨询后孕妇选择终止妊娠。结论:EVC2基因的c.682G>C(p.A228P)和loss1(Exon:2-22)all复合杂合变异可能是该EVC综合征胎儿的致病原因,上述两种变异均为新发变异,扩充了EVC2基因的突变谱,同时为该病的产前遗传咨询提供了理论依据。
文摘目的:对1例产前B超提示骨骼系统发育异常,疑似宫内生长受限的胎儿进行基因检测及生物信息学分析以明确其致病原因。方法:采集胎儿羊水及父母外周血,提取基因组DNA,利用高通量测序平台进行家系全外显子组测序(whole exome sequencing,WES)及拷贝数变异测序(copy number variation sequencing,CNV-seq)技术检测,可疑结果经Sanger测序进行验证。结果:胎儿高迁移率族蛋白A2(high mobility group protein AT-Hook-2,HMGA2)基因存在c.223C>T(p.R75W)新发变异,导致氨基酸改变为p.R75W(p.Arg75Trp),为错义突变。根据美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会(American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics,ACMG)指南评级,该变异判定为可能致病性(likely pathogenic):PS2+PM2_Supporting+PP3+PS4_Supporting。根据其临床表型,该胎儿被确诊为常染色体显性遗传的Silver-Russell综合征5型(Silver-Russell syndrome 5,SRS5)。Sanger测序确证了其变异的真实性。结论:HMGA2基因的c.223C>T(p.R75W)杂合致病性变异可能是SRS5的遗传学致病原因,扩充了该基因的变异谱,同时为该胎儿的产前遗传咨询和后续的干预措施提供了理论依据。
基金supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council(Grant No.BB/M025918/1)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32101656)+1 种基金Project of Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2020GXNSFDA297016)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2021M691322).
文摘Fruit softening in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is closely associated with cell wall disassembly,which is brought about through the action of a range of cell wall structure-related enzymes and other proteins such as expansins.Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase(XTH)(EC 2.4.1.207 and/or EC 3.2.1.151)has been proposed to be key player involved in xyloglucan metabolism.SlXTH5 showed the highest expression level among all SlXTHs during tomato ripening.In this study,the role of SlXTH5 involved in tomato softening was investigated in CRISPR-based knockout mutants of SlXTH5.Loss-of-function of SlXTH5 in transgenic tomato lines resulted in slightly firmer fruit pericarp,but significantly decreased their color index compared with azygous wild type(WT)control fruits.Increased paste viscosity was detected in CRISPR mutants,indicating that the activity of SlXTH5 is responsible for maintaining cell wall structural integrity.Immunocytochemistry studies were performed using the monoclonal antibody probe LM25 to examine the localization and distribution of xyloglucan in the pericarp cells of the CRISPR mutant fruits.The data indicated more xyloglucan was retained in the pericarp of CRISPR mutant fruit than in WT control fruit.This study revealed the link between SlXTH5 and xyloglucan metabolism and indicated the potential of manipulating SlXTH5 to regulate fruit softening.
基金This research was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(2018J01470 and 2021J01137)Scientific research projects of introducing talents in Wuyi University(YJ202109)+2 种基金Special fund for scientific and technological innovation of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(CXZX2020081A)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-17)The funders had no role in the study design,data collection,and analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript.
文摘Calmodulin(CaM)proteins play a key role in signal transduction under various stresses.In the present study,the effects of a sugarcane ScCaM gene(NCBI accession number:GQ246454)on drought and salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and Escherichia coli cells were evaluated.The results demonstrated a significant negative role of ScCaM in the drought and salt stress tolerance of transgenic lines of A.thaliana,as indicated by the phenotypes.In addition,the expression of AtP5CS and AtRD29A,two genes tightly related to stress resistance,was significantly lower in the overexpression lines than in the wild type.The growth of E.coli BL21 cells expressing ScCaM showed weaker tolerance under mannitol and NaCl stress.Taken together,this study revealed that the ScCaM gene plays a negative regulatory role in both mannitol and NaCl stresses,and it possibly exerts protective mechanisms common in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes under stress conditions.
文摘报告收治的1例24岁,孕21周,有不良孕产史,血清学产前筛查示18-三体综合征高风险,四维彩色超声检查示异常,且无创产前基因检测结果示性染色体非整倍体高风险的孕妇情况,通过短串联重复序列(short tandem repeat,STR)片段分析技术和羊水细胞培养染色体核型分析技术进行深入的遗传学检测和分析,胎儿羊水染色体核型为69,XXX;STR片段分析结果示胎儿为三倍体患者,致病原因是双雌受精,且在羊水样本中未见母源污染,胎儿考虑为纯合子三倍体,经遗传咨询后,孕妇选择了终止妊娠。在产前诊断中联合STR检测不仅可以排除母源污染的影响,还可以对染色体数目异常进行检测。
基金Supported by Erwin Schroedinger Scholarship of the Austrian Science Funds,No.J3389-B23(all to Pichler M)
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most common cancer in western countries. Despite significant improvement in available treatment options, CRC still remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Traditionally, 5-fluorouracil has been used as the main chemotherapy drug for treatment of metastatic CRC(mCRC). However, during the last two decades more effective chemotherapeutic agents such as oxaliplatin, irinotecan and the monoclonal antibodies cetuximab, panitumumab and bevacizumab have been used in clinical practice. More recently, the therapeutic armamentarium has been supplemented by the monoclonal antibodies bevacizumab, cetuximab and panitumumab as well as the protein-trap aflibercept and the smallmolecule multi-kinase inhibitor regorafenib. One of the major problems for the management of CRC is the inherent or acquired resistance to therapeutic approaches. The discovery of microRNAs(miRNAs), a class of small, endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs that play a role as post-transcriptional regulators, has added new dimensions to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Because miRNAs are important regulators of carcinogenesis, progression, invasion, angiogenesis and metastases in CRC, they might serve as potential predictive and prognostic factors and even as therapeutic targets themselves. Several miRNAs are already known to be dysregulated in CRCs and have been linked to biological processes involved in tumor progression and response to anti-cancer therapies. This review summarizes current therapeutic approaches for treating CRC and highlights the role of miRNAs as novel predictive biomarkers and potential drug targets in CRC patients.
