Influence of soaking Malus domeri(Bois)Chev.leaves on gut microbiota and metabolites of long-living elderly individuals in Hezhou city,Guangxi,China

To investigate the effects of drinking the soaking of Malus domeri(Bois)Chev.leaves on gut microbiota and metabolites of long-living elderly individuals in Hezhou city,Guangxi,China.It has been reported that longevity is closely related to metabolism and the gut microbiota.The 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)were used to analysis fecal samples and explore the factors affecting longevity in the region.Interestingly,we discovered,that elderly individuals who had been drinking the soaking of M.domeri(Bois)Chev.leaves for a long time exhibited higher diversity of the gut microbiota than without drinking the soaking,notably.The proportions of Ruminococcaceae and Prevotella were decreased in those who did not drink this soaking.In addition,a total of 106 metabolites were characterized,and the people of long-lived people(>90 years old)and elderly people(<90 years old)who drinking soaking of M.domeri(Bois)Chev.leaves significantly altered the gut microbiota and upregulated levels of haplopine,farnesol,genipic acid,momordicinin,2-hydroxyestrone,hydroxyphenyllactic acid,caffeic acid,sophoraflavanone B,and soyasaponin I.We preliminarily determined that M.domeri(Bois)Chev.leaves consumption may be an important factor affecting longevity in this area.

Endometriosis of the lung: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Lung endometriosis is an extremely rare gynecological disease.Current literature reports suggest that the majority of patients will present with only generic symptoms,such as hemoptysis,pneumothorax,and hemopneumothorax,which often leads to misdiagnosis.To date,there are 18 case reports of lung endometriosis that describe the clinical manifestation,imaging changes,treatment,and prognosis of the disease.To provide further insights into this rare disease,we present a new case report and a brief review of pulmonary endometriosis.CASE SUMMARY We report here about a 19-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital for repeated catamenial hemoptysis over a 3-mo period.computed tomography(CT)imaging during menstruation revealed patchy high-density shadows,approximately 0.5 cm3 in size,in the right middle lobe of the lung.The patient’s hemoptysis and changes in the CT scans resolved after menstruation.Thoracoscopic right middle lobectomy,right lower lung repair,and closed thoracic drainage were performed.Postoperative histopathology confirmed lung endometriosis.There was no recurrence of symptoms at the 6 mo follow-up.CONCLUSION We propose diagnosing lung endometriosis by thoroughly taking reproductive history,clinical details,imaging,and histopathology followed by treatment with surgical resection.

肺癌患者行全身骨扫描后再行胸部SPECT/CT的获益分析

目的:探讨肺癌患者行全身骨扫描后再行胸部SPECT/CT在诊断骨转移中的获益价值,筛选出SPECT/CT的最佳可获益人群。方法:选取2019年1月至2019年10月150例于广州医科大学附属肿瘤医院常规行全身骨扫描和胸部SPECT/CT的肺癌患者的临床资料。根据全身骨扫描和胸部SPECT/CT的诊断结果、病灶数量变化、定性诊断及随访结果,将SPECT/CT的获益程度分为无获益、一般获益和显著获益。收集所有患者的一般信息、临床信息和病灶影像信息,采用χ^2检验分析上述变量与SPECT/CT获益程度之间的关系。结果:按照SPECT/CT获益程度,150例肺癌患者中,无获益41例、一般获益58例、显著获益51例。通过χ^2检验发现,症状、数量、分布类型、累及部位、摄取水平是SPECT/CT获益评估的显著影响因素(χ^2=7.849,P=0.020;χ^2=19.567,P<0.001;χ^2=17.053,P<0.001;χ^2=7.643,P=0.022;χ^2=17.601,P=0.001)。结论:对于肺癌患者全身骨扫描后是否需行胸部SPECT/CT,应进行获益预期评价。其中症状、数量、分布类型、累及部位、摄取水平是SPECT/CT获益的有效影响因素。

Effects of cluster land reclamation projects on storm surge inJiaojiang Estuary,China

Variations in coastline geometry caused by coastal engineering affect tides, storm surges, and storm tides. Three cluster land reclamation projects have been planned for construction in the Jiaojiang Estuary during the period from 2011 to 2023. They will cause significant changes in coastline geometry. In this study, a surge-tide coupled model was established based on a three-dimensional finite-volume coastal ocean model （FVCOM）. A series of numerical experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of variations in coastline geometry on tides, storm surges, and storm tides. This model was calibrated using data observed at the Haimen and Ruian gauge stations and then used to reproduce the tides, storm surges, and storm tides in the Jiaojiang Estuary caused by Typhoon Winnie in 1997. Results show that the high tide level, peak storm surge, and high storm tide level at the Haimen Gauge Station increased along with the completion of reclamation projects, and the maximum increments caused by the third project were 0.13 m, 0.50 m, and 0.43 m, respectively. The envelopes with maximum storm tide levels of 7.0 m and 8.0 m inside the river mouth appeared to move seaward, with the latter shifting 1.8 km, 3.3 km, and 4.4 km due to the first project, second project, and third project, respectively. The results achieved in this study contribute to reducing the effects of, and preventing storm disasters after the land reclamation in the Jiaojiang Estuary.

减数分裂联会复合体异常与不孕不育相关性研究进展

减数分裂是由二倍体的生殖细胞产生单倍体的配子的过程,是有性生殖的核心。联会复合体是同源染色体之间形成的超分子结构,具有稳定同源染色体配对、促进遗传交叉形成等功能。越来越多的研究表明联会复合体异常是造成人类不孕不育的重要原因之一。本文主要综述了联会复合体中央区域异常(如SYCE1/2/3、TEX12、SIX6OS1、SYCP1突变)及侧向元件缺陷(如SYCP2、SYCP3突变)与不孕不育的相关性研究,以期为深入理解减数分裂错误导致生殖健康问题的病理机制提供理论参考。

Person-specific named entity recognition using SVM with rich feature sets

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explore the potential use of nature language process(NLP) and machine learning(ML) techniques and intents to find a feasible strategy and effective approach to fulfill the NER task for Web oriented person-specific information extraction.Design/methodology/approach: An SVM-based multi-classification approach combined with a set of rich NLP features derived from state-of-the-art NLP techniques has been proposed to fulfill the NER task. A group of experiments has been designed to investigate the influence of various NLP-based features to the performance of the system,especially the semantic features. Optimal parameter settings regarding with SVM models,including kernel functions,margin parameter of SVM model and the context window size,have been explored through experiments as well.Findings: The SVM-based multi-classification approach has been proved to be effective for the NER task. This work shows that NLP-based features are of great importance in datadriven NE recognition,particularly the semantic features. The study indicates that higher order kernel function may not be desirable for the specific classification problem in practical application. The simple linear-kernel SVM model performed better in this case. Moreover,the modified SVM models with uneven margin parameter are more common and flexible,which have been proved to solve the imbalanced data problem better.Research limitations/implications: The SVM-based approach for NER problem is only proved to be effective on limited experiment data. Further research need to be conducted on the large batch of real Web data. In addition,the performance of the NER system need be tested when incorporated into a complete IE framework.Originality/value: The specially designed experiments make it feasible to fully explore the characters of the data and obtain the optimal parameter settings for the NER task,leading to a preferable rate in recall,precision and F1measures. The overall system performance(F1value) for all types of name entities can achieve above 88.6%,which can meet the requirements for the practical application.

Effects of Different Mode Exercise on Depression-like Behaviors and Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Rats with Post-stroke Depression

[Objectives]To explore the effects of high-intensity intermittent training(HIIT)on the degree of depression,neuronal morphology,and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)in the hippocampal dentate gyrus(DG)of ischemic hemisphere in rats with post-stroke depression(PSD),and to investigate the potential mechanisms.[Methods]40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group,sham-operation group(Sham),PSD model group,moderate intensity aerobic training group(MIAT)and HIIT group(n=8 for each group).Except the control and Sham group,all other groups were given the middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)using the intraluminal thread method,and chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)was applied.After successful modeling,training programs of different intensity were performed in the MIAT and the HIIT group.Rats in the five groups were subjected to behavioral tests(open field test and tail suspension test)before and 28 d after training.Nissl staining was used to observe the morphological changes of neurons in the left hippocampal DG area.The expressions of BDNF protein were detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry.[Results]After 28 d of training,compared with the other groups,the PSD group's pause time of the central lattice was prolonged;the immobility time increased in tail suspension test;the expression of BDNF decreased in the left hippocampal DG area.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Neurons of hippocampal DG neurons were loosely arranged;cells were missing.Nissl body was lightly stained and even dissolved;the ethological findings in MIAT and HIIT rats were reversed;the expression of BDNF was elevated.Nissl staining showed that the cells were arranged neatly;the layers were dense,and the Nissl body was deeply stained.The changes in HIIT group were more significant than that in MIAT group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Compared with the traditional medium-intensity aerobic training,high-intensity interval training can improve the depression-like behavior in rats with post-stroke depression.The potential mechanism might be that HIIT increase the neuroplasticity and expression of BDNF in hippocampal DG area.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise in Alleviating Depressive Symptoms of Cerebral Ischemic Rats with Sedentary Behavior by Improving Inflammatory Microenvironment in Hippocampus

[Objectives]To explore the role and molecular mechanisms of aerobic exercise in post-stroke depression.[Methods]Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham,sedentary and aerobic exercise(Ex)groups.The rats in sedentary and Ex groups received middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)surgery.Aerobic exercise was performed 24 h after MCAO for four weeks in Ex group.The sucrose preference test(SPT),open field test(OFT),tail suspension test(TST)was performed,respectively.The levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αwere detected by ELISA.[Results]Aerobic exercise successfully prevented depression-like symptom induced by ischemic stroke with sedentary behavior as indicated by significant increase in sucrose preference(P<0.01)during SPT and decrease in immobility time(P<0.01)during FST and TST.Aerobic exercise significantly reduced the high levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αinduced by ischemic stroke and sedentary behavior in the ischemic hippocampus(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Aerobic exercise after ischemic stroke can reverse depression and improve the inflammatory microenvironment in the hippocampus.

Exosomal long non-coding RNAs:Emerging players in cancer metastasis and potential diagnostic biomarkers for personalized oncology

Metastasis is a major challenge in the treatment of cancer.Exosomes are a class of small extracellular vesicles(EVs)that play critical roles in several human diseases,especially cancer,by transferring information(e.g.,DNA,RNA,and protein)via cell-to-cell communication.Numerous recent studies have shown that exosomal long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play crucial regulatory roles in cancer metastasis in the tumor microenvironment by altering the expression of several key signaling pathways and molecules.Due to their specificity and sensitivity,exosomal lncRNAs have potential as novel tumor markers and therapeutic targets in the treatment of cancer metastasis.In this review,we aim to summarize the roles of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer metastasis,the mechanisms underlying their roles,and their potential clinical applications.

Peptide recognition by functional supramolecular nanopores with complementary size and binding sites

The precise control of the conformations of biomolecules adsorbed on a surface at the single-molecule level is significant. However, it remains a huge challenge because of the complex structure and conformation diversity of biomolecules. Herein, a ＂nanopore-confined recognition＂ strategy is proposed to manipulate the adsorption of individual valinomycin molecules at room temperature through precise design of functionalized conjugated macrocycle （CPN8） supramolecular nanopores with complementary architectures and binding sites. We revealed that CPN8 prefers to selectively recognizing valinomycin with complementary architecture because of the strong synergistic interactions between the isopropyl groups of valinomycin and the amino groups of CPN8, with valinomycin- highly oriented pyrolytic graphite （HOPG） interactions. Our perspectives at the single-molecule level will provide valuable insights to improve the design of supramolecular nanopores for conformation-selective recognition of non-conjugated molecules.

SYP-5 regulates meiotic thermotolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans

Meiosis produces the haploid gametes required by all sexually reproducing organisms,occurring in specific temperature ranges in different organisms.However,how meiotic thermotolerance is regulated remains largely unknown.Using the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans,here,we identified the synaptonemal complex(SC)protein SYP-5 as a critical regulator of meiotic thermotolerance.syp-5-null mutants maintained a high percentage of viable progeny at 20℃ but produced significantly fewer viable progeny at 25℃,a permissive temperature in wild-type worms.Cytological analysis of meiotic events in the mutants revealed that while SC assembly and disassembly,as well as DNA double-strand break repair kinetics,were not affected by the elevated temperature,crossover designation,and bivalent formation were significantly affected.More severe homolog segregation errors were also observed at elevated temperature.A temperature switching assay revealed that late meiotic prophase events were not temperature-sensitive and that meiotic defects during pachytene stage were responsible for the reduced viability of syp-5 mutants at the elevated temperature.Moreover,SC polycomplex formation and hexanediol sensitivity analysis suggested that SYP-5 was required for the normal properties of the SC,and charge-interacting elements in SC components were involved in regulating meiotic thermotolerance.Together,these findings provide a novel molecular mechanism for meiotic thermotolerance regulation.

Green revolution in electronic displays expected to ease energy and health crises

The technological revolution of long-awaited energy-saving and vision-friendly displays represented by bistable display technology is conning.Here we discuss methods,challenges,and opportunities for implementing bistable displays in terms of molecular design,device structure,further expansion,and required criteria,hopefully benefiting the light-related community.