Approximate constructions of counterdiabatic driving withNMR quantum systems

Counterdiabatic driving (CD) offers a fast and robust route to manipulate quantum systems, which has widespreadapplications in quantum technologies. However, for higher-dimensional complex systems, the exact CD term involving thespectral properties of the system is difficult to calculate and generally takes a complicated form, impeding its experimentalrealization. Recently, many approximate methods have been proposed for designing CD passages in many-body systems. Inthis topical review, we focus on the CD formalism and briefly introduce several experimental constructions and applicationsof approximate CD driving in spin-chain models with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) systems.

Clogging caused by coupled grain migration and compaction effect during groundwater recharge for unconsolidated sandstone reservoir in groundwater-source heat pump

In unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs,presence of numerous movable grains and a complex grain size composition necessitates a clear understanding of the physical clogging process for effective groundwater recharge in groundwater-source heat pump systems.To investigate this,a series of seepage experiments was conducted under in situ stress conditions using unconsolidated sandstone samples with varying grain compositions.The clogging phenomenon arises from the combined effects of grain migration and compaction,wherein the migration of both original and secondary crushed fine-grain particles blocks the seepage channels.Notably,grain composition influences the migration and transport properties of the grains.For samples composed of smaller grains,the apparent permeability demonstrates a transition from stability to decrease.In contrast,samples with larger grains experience a skip at the stability stage and directly enter the decrease stage,with a minor exception of a slight increase observed.Furthermore,a unique failure mode characterized by diameter shrinkage in the upper part of the sample is observed due to the combined effects of grain migration and in situ stress-induced compaction.These testing results contribute to a better understanding of the clogging mechanism caused by the coupled effects of grain migration and compaction during groundwater recharge in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs used in groundwater-source heat pump systems.

New possibility for PET plastic recycling by a tailored hydrolytic enzyme

Plastic waste puts a huge burden on the ecosystem due to the current lack of mature recycling technology.Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)is one of the most produced plastics in the world.Enzymatic decomposition holds the promise of recovering monomers from PET plastic,and the monomers can be used to regenerate new PET products.However,there are still limitations in the activity and thermal stability of the existing PET hydrolases.The recent study by Lu et al.introduced a novel PET hydrolase via machine learning-aided engineering.The obtained PET hydrolase showed excellent activity and thermal stability in the hydrolysis of PET and is capable of directly degrading large amounts of postconsumer PET products.This approach provides an effective method for recycling PET waste and is expected to improve the current state of plastic pollution worldwide.

Upcycling municipal solid waste to sustainable hydrogen via two-stage gasification-reforming

As global municipal solid waste(MSW)quantities continue to escalate,serious socio-environmental challenges arise,necessitating innovative solutions.Waste-to-hydrogen(WTH)via two-stage gasification-reforming(TSGR)presents an emergent technology for MSW upcycling,offering to ease waste management burdens and bolster the burgeoning hydrogen economy.Despite early initiatives to advance TSGR technology,a cohesive and critical analysis of cutting-edge knowledge and strategies to enhance hydrogen production remains lacking.This review aggregates literature on MSW upcycling to hydrogen via TSGR,with a focus on optimizing process control and catalytic efficiency.It underscores technological avenues to augment hydrogen output,curtail catalyst costs,and refine system performance.Particularly,the review illuminates the potential for integrating chemical and calcium looping into TSGR processes,identifying opportunities,and pinpointing challenges.The review concludes with a summary of the current state of techno-economic analysis for this technology,presenting outstanding challenges and future research directions,with the ultimate goal of transitioning WTH from theoretical to practical application.

Positron Emission Tomography Lung Image Respiratory Motion Correcting with Equivariant Transformer

In addressing the challenge of motion artifacts in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) lung scans, our studyintroduces the Triple Equivariant Motion Transformer (TEMT), an innovative, unsupervised, deep-learningbasedframework for efficient respiratory motion correction in PET imaging. Unlike traditional techniques,which segment PET data into bins throughout a respiratory cycle and often face issues such as inefficiency andoveremphasis on certain artifacts, TEMT employs Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for effective featureextraction and motion decomposition.TEMT’s unique approach involves transforming motion sequences into Liegroup domains to highlight fundamental motion patterns, coupled with employing competitive weighting forprecise target deformation field generation. Our empirical evaluations confirm TEMT’s superior performancein handling diverse PET lung datasets compared to existing image registration networks. Experimental resultsdemonstrate that TEMT achieved Dice indices of 91.40%, 85.41%, 79.78%, and 72.16% on simulated geometricphantom data, lung voxel phantom data, cardiopulmonary voxel phantom data, and clinical data, respectively. Tofacilitate further research and practical application, the TEMT framework, along with its implementation detailsand part of the simulation data, is made publicly accessible at https://github.com/yehaowei/temt.

Multimodal imaging diagnosis and analysis of prognostic factors in patients with adult-onset Coats disease

AIM:To describe the multimodal imaging features,treatment,and outcomes of patients diagnosed with adultonset Coats disease.METHODS:This retrospective study included patients first diagnosed with Coats disease at≥18 years of age between September 2017 and September 2021.Some patients received anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)therapy(conbercept,0.5 mg)as the initial treatment,which was combined with laser photocoagulation as needed.All the patients underwent best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and intraocular pressure examinations,fundus color photography,spontaneous fluorescence tests,fundus fluorescein angiography,optical coherence tomography(OCT),OCT angiography,and other examinations.BCVA alterations and multimodal image findings in the affected eyes following treatment were compared and the prognostic factors were analyzed.RESULTS:The study included 15 patients who were aged 24-72(57.33±12.61)y at presentation.Systemic hypertension was the most common associated systemic condition,occurring in 13(86.7%)patients.Baseline BCVA ranged from 2.0 to 5.0(4.0±1.1),which showed improvement following treatment(4.2±1.0).Multimodal imaging revealed retinal telangiectasis in 13 patients(86.7%),patchy hemorrhage in 5 patients(33.3%),and stage 2B disease(Shield’s staging criteria)in 11 patients(73.3%).OCT revealed that the baseline central macular thickness(CMT)ranged from 129 to 964μm(473.0±230.1μm),with 13 patients(86.7%)exhibiting a baseline CMT exceeding 250μm.Furthermore,8 patients(53.3%)presented with an epiretinal membrane at baseline or during follow-up.Hyper-reflective scars were observed on OCT in five patients(33.3%)with poor visual prognosis.Vision deteriorated in one patient who did not receive treatment.Final vision was stable in three patients who received laser treatment,whereas improvement was observed in one of two patients who received anti-VEGF therapy alone.In addition,8 of 9 patients(88.9%)who received laser treatment and conbercept exhibited stable or improved BCVA.CONCLUSION:Multimodal imaging can help diagnose adult-onset Coats disease.Anti-VEGF treatment combined with laser therapy can be an option for improving or maintaining BCVA and resolving macular edema.The final visual outcome depends on macular involvement and the disease stage.

Water-induced softening behavior of clay-rich sandstone in Lanzhou Water Supply Project,China

The strength of clay-rich sandstone decreases significantly when in contact with water due to softening effects.This scenario can pose a severe threat to the stability of water diversion tunnels during construction and operation periods.To address the issues related to water-induced softening in clay-rich sandstone zones in a water diversion tunnel of Lanzhou Water Supply Project,the microscopic and micromechanical variations of rocks due to increasing water content in two different zones i.e.zones A and B,were determined by various testing methods,such as X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),thin section microscopy,micro-indentation test,sonic velocity test,and slake durability test.The microscopic analysis confirms the presence of montmorillonite mineral which is the dominant problematic geomaterial in engineering application.The integrity and durability of clay-rich sandstone were determined with sonic velocity and slake durability tests to calibrate the results obtained by the micro-indentation test.It shows that the elastic modulus and hardness of clay-rich sandstone decrease with the increase of saturation time,up to 144 h,which is more significant and rapid during early stage of saturation.After 144 h of saturation,the elastic modulus decreases by 89% and 97%,and the hardness decreases by 89% and 99% for zones A and B sandstones,respectively.The results of slake durability and sonic velocity indicate that zone A sandsto ne remains 56.19% durability after 144 h of saturation,while zone B sandstone loses its durability merely after 72 h of saturation.The clay-rich sandstone starts to dissolve in water when the saturation time exceeds 144 h.The significant decreases in strength and durability of clay-rich sandstone due to water-induced softening are serious threats to tunnel stability.The improvements in the strength of surrounding rock mass by grouting and permeability by installation of drainage galleries can reduce the damage caused by water-induced softening.

Catalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into chemicals and fuels

In the search of alternative resources to make commodity chemicals and transportation fuels for a low carbon future,lignocellulosic biomass with over 180-billion-ton annual production rate has been identified as a promising feedstock.This review focuses on the state-of-the-art catalytic transformation of lignocellulosic biomass into value-added chemicals and fuels.Following a brief introduction on the structure,major resources and pretreatment methods of lignocellulosic biomass,the catalytic conversion of three main components,i.e.,cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin,into various compounds are comprehensively discussed.Either in separate steps or in one-pot,cellulose and hemicellulose are hydrolyzed into sugars and upgraded into oxygen-containing chemicals such as 5-HMF,furfural,polyols,and organic acids,or even nitrogen-containing chemicals such as amino acids.On the other hand,lignin is first depolymerized into phenols,catechols,guaiacols,aldehydes and ketones,and then further transformed into hydrocarbon fuels,bioplastic precursors and bioactive compounds.The review then introduces the transformations of whole biomass via catalytic gasification,catalytic pyrolysis,as well as emerging strategies.Finally,opportunities,challenges and prospective of woody biomass valorization are highlighted.

Breaking the temperature limit of hydrothermal carbonization of lignocellulosic biomass by decoupling temperature and pressure

Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC) of lignocellulosic biomass is a promising technology for the production of carbon materials with negative carbon emissions. However, the high reaction temperature and energy consumption have limited the development of HTC technology. In conventional batch reactors, the temperature and pressure are typically coupled at saturated states. In this study, a decoupled temperature and pressure hydrothermal(DTPH) reaction system was developed to decrease the temperature of the HTC reaction of lignocellulosic biomass(rice straw and poplar leaves). The properties of hydrochars were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction(XRD), thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA), etc. to propose the reaction mechanism. The results showed that the HTC reaction of lignocellulosic biomass could be realized at a low temperature of 200℃ in the DTPH process, breaking the temperature limit(230℃) in the conventional process. The DTPH method could break the barrier of the crystalline structure of cellulose in the lignocellulosic biomass with high cellulose content, realizing the carbonization of cellulose and hemicellulose with the dehydration, unsaturated bond formation, and aromatization. The produced hydrochar had an appearance of carbon microspheres, with high calorific values, abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, a certain degree of graphitization, and good thermal stability. Cellulose acts not only as a barrier to protect itself and hemicellulose from decomposition, but also as a key precursor for the formation of carbon microspheres. This study shows a promising method for synthesizing carbon materials from lignocellulosic biomass with a carbon-negative effect.

A nonlinear creep model for surrounding rocks of tunnels based on kinetic energy theorem

The initiating condition for the accelerated creep of rocks has caused difficulty in analyzing the whole creep process.Moreover,the existing Nishihara model has evident shortcomings in describing the accelerated creep characteristics of the viscoplastic stage from the perspective of internal energy to analyze the mechanism of rock creep failure and determine the threshold of accelerated creep initiation.Based on the kinetic energy theorem,Perzyna viscoplastic theory,and the Nishihara model,a unified creep constitutive model that can describe the whole process of decaying creep,stable creep,and accelerated creep is established.Results reveal that the energy consumption and creep damage in the process of creep loading mainly come from the internal energy changes of geotechnical materials.The established creep model can not only describe the viscoelasticeplastic creep characteristics of rock,but also reflect the relationship between rock energy and creep deformation change.In addition,the research results provide a new method for determining the critical point of creep deformation and a new idea for studying the creep model and creep mechanical properties.

Causal effects of circulating vitamin levels on the risk of heart failure:a Mendelian randomization study

BACKGROUND Observational studies suggest inverse associations between serum vitamin levels and the risk of heart failure(HF). However, the causal effects of vitamins on HF have not been fully elucidated. Here, we conducted a Mendelian randomization(MR) study to investigate the causal associations between genetically determined vitamin levels and HF.METHODS Genetic instrumental variables for circulating vitamin levels, including vitamins A, B, C, D, and E, which were assessed as either absolute or metabolite levels were obtained from public genome-wide association studies. Summary statistics for single-nucleotide-polymorphisms and HF associations were retrieved from the HERMES Consortium(47,309 cases and 930,014controls) and FinnGen Study(30,098 cases and 229,612 controls). Two-sample MR analyses were implemented to assess the causality between vitamin levels and HF per outcome database, and the results were subsequently combined by meta-analysis.RESULTS Our MR study did not find significant associations between genetically determined circulating vitamin levels and HF risk. For absolute vitamin levels, the odds ratio for HF ranged from 0.97(95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85–1.09, P = 0.41) for vitamin C to 1.05(95% CI: 0.61–1.82, P = 0.85) for vitamin A. For vitamin metabolites, the odds ratio ranged between 0.94(95% CI:0.75–1.19, P = 0.62) for α-tocopherol and 1.11(95% CI: 0.98–1.26, P = 0.09) for γ-tocopherol.CONCLUSION Evidence from our study does not support the causal effects of circulating vitamin levels on HF. Therefore,there may be no direct beneficial effects of vitamin intake on the prevention of primary HF.

A joint absorbing boundary for the multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method in seismic acoustic wavefield modeling

Conventional seismic wave forward simulation generally uses mathematical means to solve the macroscopic wave equation,and then obtains the corresponding seismic wavefield.Usually,when the subsurface structure is finely constructed and the continuity of media is poor,this strategy is difficult to meet the requirements of accurate wavefield calculation.This paper uses the multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method(MRT-LBM)to conduct the seismic acoustic wavefield simulation and verify its computational accuracy.To cope with the problem of severe reflections at the truncated boundaries,we analogize the viscous absorbing boundary and perfectly matched layer(PML)absorbing boundary based on the single-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann(SRT-LB)equation to the MRT-LB equation,and further,propose a joint absorbing boundary through comparative analysis.We give the specific forms of the modified MRT-LB equation loaded with the joint absorbing boundary in the two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)cases,respectively.Then,we verify the effects of this absorbing boundary scheme on a 2D homogeneous model,2D modified British Petroleum(BP)gas-cloud model,and 3D homogeneous model,respectively.The results reveal that by comparing with the viscous absorbing boundary and PML absorbing boundary,the joint absorbing boundary has the best absorption performance,although it is a little bit complicated.Therefore,this joint absorbing boundary better solves the problem of truncated boundary reflections of MRT-LBM in simulating seismic acoustic wavefields,which is pivotal to its wide application in the field of exploration seismology.

Bioresource Upgrade for Sustainable Energy,Environment,and Biomedicine

We conceptualize bioresource upgrade for sustainable energy,environment,and biomedicine with a focus on circular economy,sustainability,and carbon neutrality using high availability and low utilization biomass(HALUB).We acme energy-efficient technologies for sustainable energy and material recovery and applications.The technologies of thermochemical conversion(TC),biochemical conversion(BC),electrochemical conversion(EC),and photochemical conversion(PTC)are summarized for HALUB.Microalgal biomass could contribute to a biofuel HHV of 35.72 MJ Kg^(-1)and total benefit of 749$/ton biomass via TC.Specific surface area of biochar reached 3000 m^(2)g^(-1)via pyrolytic carbonization of waste bean dregs.Lignocellulosic biomass can be effectively converted into bio-stimulants and biofertilizers via BC with a high conversion efficiency of more than 90%.Besides,lignocellulosic biomass can contribute to a current density of 672 mA m^(-2)via EC.Bioresource can be 100%selectively synthesized via electrocatalysis through EC and PTC.Machine learning,techno-economic analysis,and life cycle analysis are essential to various upgrading approaches of HALUB.Sustainable biomaterials,sustainable living materials and technologies for biomedical and multifunctional applications like nano-catalysis,microfluidic and micro/nanomotors beyond are also highlighted.New techniques and systems for the complete conversion and utilization of HALUB for new energy and materials are further discussed.

Characterizing large-scale weak interlayer shear zones using conditional random field theory

The shear behavior of large-scale weak intercalation shear zones(WISZs)often governs the stability of foundations,rock slopes,and underground structures.However,due to their wide distribution,undulating morphology,complex fabrics,and varying degrees of contact states,characterizing the shear behavior of natural and complex large-scale WISZs precisely is challenging.This study proposes an analytical method to address this issue,based on geological fieldwork and relevant experimental results.The analytical method utilizes the random field theory and Kriging interpolation technique to simplify the spatial uncertainties of the structural and fabric features for WISZs into the spatial correlation and variability of their mechanical parameters.The Kriging conditional random field of the friction angle of WISZs is embedded in the discrete element software 3DEC,enabling activation analysis of WISZ C2 in the underground caverns of the Baihetan hydropower station.The results indicate that the activation scope of WISZ C2 induced by the excavation of underground caverns is approximately 0.5e1 times the main powerhouse span,showing local activation.Furthermore,the overall safety factor of WISZ C2 follows a normal distribution with an average value of 3.697.

Inner Cascaded U^(2)-Net:An Improvement to Plain Cascaded U-Net

Deep neural networks are now widely used in the medical image segmentation field for their performance superiority and no need of manual feature extraction.U-Net has been the baseline model since the very beginning due to a symmetricalU-structure for better feature extraction and fusing and suitable for small datasets.To enhance the segmentation performance of U-Net,cascaded U-Net proposes to put two U-Nets successively to segment targets from coarse to fine.However,the plain cascaded U-Net faces the problem of too less between connections so the contextual information learned by the former U-Net cannot be fully used by the latter one.In this article,we devise novel Inner Cascaded U-Net and Inner Cascaded U^(2)-Net as improvements to plain cascaded U-Net for medical image segmentation.The proposed Inner Cascaded U-Net adds inner nested connections between two U-Nets to share more contextual information.To further boost segmentation performance,we propose Inner Cascaded U^(2)-Net,which applies residual U-block to capture more global contextual information from different scales.The proposed models can be trained from scratch in an end-to-end fashion and have been evaluated on Multimodal Brain Tumor Segmentation Challenge(BraTS)2013 and ISBI Liver Tumor Segmentation Challenge(LiTS)dataset in comparison to related U-Net,cascaded U-Net,U-Net++,U^(2)-Net and state-of-the-art methods.Our experiments demonstrate that our proposed Inner Cascaded U-Net and Inner Cascaded U^(2)-Net achieve better segmentation performance in terms of dice similarity coefficient and hausdorff distance as well as get finer outline segmentation.

Vertical Federated Learning Based on Consortium Blockchain for Data Sharing in Mobile Edge Computing

The data in Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)contains tremendousmarket value,and data sharing canmaximize the usefulness of the data.However,certain data is quite sensitive,and sharing it directly may violate privacy.Vertical Federated Learning(VFL)is a secure distributed machine learning framework that completes joint model training by passing encryptedmodel parameters rather than raw data,so there is no data privacy leakage during the training process.Therefore,the VFL can build a bridge between data demander and owner to realize data sharing while protecting data privacy.Typically,the VFL requires a third party for key distribution and decryption of training results.In this article,we employ the consortium blockchain instead of the traditional third party and design a VFL architecture based on the consortium blockchain for data sharing in MEC.More specifically,we propose a V-Raft consensus algorithm based on Verifiable Random Functions(VRFs),which is a variant of the Raft.The VRaft is able to elect leader quickly and stably to assist data demander and owner to complete data sharing by VFL.Moreover,we apply secret sharing todistribute the private key to avoid the situationwhere the training result cannot be decrypted if the leader crashes.Finally,we analyzed the performance of the V-Raft and carried out simulation experiments,and the results show that compared with Raft,the V-Raft has higher efficiency and better scalability.

Energy Landscape and Phase Competition of CsV_(3)Sb_(5),CsV_(6)Sb_(6)and TbMn_(6)Sn_(6)-Type Kagome Materials

Finding viable Kagome lattices is vital for materializing novel phenomena in quantum materials.In this study,we performed element substitutions on CsV_(3)Sb_(5)with space group P 6/mmm,TbMn_(6)Sn_(6)with space group P 6/mmm,and CsV_(6)Sb_(6)with space group R3m,as the parent compounds.Totally 4158 materials were obtained through element substitutions,and these materials were then calculated via density functional theory in high-throughput mode.Afterwards,48 materials were identified with high thermodynamic stability(E_(hull)<5 meV/atom).Furthermore,we compared the thermodynamic stability of three different phases with the same elemental composition and predicted some competing phases that may arise during material synthesis.Finally,by calculating the electronic structures of these materials,we attempted to identify patterns in the electronic structure variations as the elements change.This study provides guidance for discovering promising AM_(3)X_(5)/AM_(6)X_(6)Kagome materials from a vast phase space.

预旋整流栅对90°弯管流动均匀性及离心压缩机性能影响的试验研究

本文在离心压缩机进口前加旋绕式整流栅,通过PIV可视化试验,研究预旋整流栅对90°弯管出口流道及离心压缩机性能影响。结果表明:在90°弯管前安装旋绕式整流栅能有效改善弯管后流动的均匀性。当离心压缩机运行在较小马赫数下,安装整流栅时,离心压缩机效率基本保持不变或者略有降低。当离心压缩机运行在较大马赫数下,安装有右旋整流栅时,离心压缩机的效率得到提高;安装左旋整流栅时,离心压缩机效率略有提高同时和压比得到较大幅度的提高。

全息影像技术在机器人辅助腹腔镜下肾部分切除术治疗肾门部肿瘤中的应用

目的评价全息影像技术引导机器人辅助腹腔镜下肾部分切除术(RAPN)治疗肾门部肿瘤的可行性与有效性。方法回顾性分析该院2019年6月-2019年10月收治的11例肾门部肿瘤患者的临床资料。其中,男3例,女8例;左侧4例,右侧7例;患者年龄32~75岁,平均62.6岁,体质指数19.45~28.12 kg/m^2,平均23.75 kg/m^2,肿瘤直径1.1~6.7 cm,平均2.76 cm,R.E.N.A.L.评分8~12分,平均10.7分,患肾肾小球滤过率(GFR)22~51 mL/min,平均35 mL/min。患者术前行全腹部增强CT,利用CT数据进行全息影像重建。术中应用该技术结合达芬奇机器人辅助系统,精准分离、剜除肿瘤,并记录手术持续时间、出血量、肾脏热缺血时间、有无并发症及切缘阳性率等。结果根据全息影像引导,11例患者均顺利剜除肿瘤,完成手术,无中转开放。手术时间60~130 min,平均90 min。术中出血量50~180 mL,平均100 mL,热缺血时间18~25 min,平均21 min,无术后发热、继发出血或漏尿等并发症。术后病理诊断肾透明细胞癌9例(FuhrmanⅠ和Ⅱ级),乳头状细胞癌1例,血管平滑肌脂肪瘤1例,无切缘阳性病例。术后随访3~7个月,平均4.3个月,患肾GFR 18~43 mL/min,平均31 mL/min。术后3个月复查肾脏CT平扫及增强,全部患者未出现复发。结论全息影像技术引导RAPN治疗肾门部肿瘤,围手术期并发症少,安全有效。

Investigating the Transport Mechanism of PM2.5 Pollution during January 2014 in Wuhan, Central China

Severe haze pollution that occurred in January 2014 in Wuhan was investigated. The factors leading to Wuhan’s PM2.5 pollution and the characteristics and formation mechanism were found to be significantly different from other megacities, like Beijing. Both the growth rates and decline rates of PM2.5 concentrations in Wuhan were lower than those in Beijing, but the monthly PM2.5 value was approximately twice that in Beijing. Furthermore, the sharp increases of PM2.5 concentrations were often accompanied by strong winds. A high-precision modeling system with an online source-tagged method was established to explore the formation mechanism of five haze episodes. The long-range transport of the polluted air masses from the North China Plain (NCP) was the main factor leading to the sharp increases of PM2.5 concentrations in Wuhan, which contributed 53.4% of the monthly PM2.5 concentrations and 38.5% of polluted days. Furthermore, the change in meteorological conditions such as weakened winds and stable weather conditions led to the accumulation of air pollutants in Wuhan after the long-range transport. The contribution from Wuhan and surrounding cities to the PM2.5 concentrations was determined to be 67.4% during this period. Under the complex regional transport of pollutants from surrounding cities, the NCP, East China, and South China, the five episodes resulted in 30 haze days in Wuhan. The findings reveal important roles played by transregional and intercity transport in haze formation in Wuhan.