BACKGROUND Endoscopy has rapidly developed in recent years and has enabled further investigation into the origin and features of intestinal tumors.The small size and concealed position of these tumors make it difficul...BACKGROUND Endoscopy has rapidly developed in recent years and has enabled further investigation into the origin and features of intestinal tumors.The small size and concealed position of these tumors make it difficult to distinguish them from nonneoplastic polyps and carcinoma in adenoma(CIA).The invasive depth and metastatic potential determine the operation regimen,which in turn affects the overall survival and distant prognosis.The previous studies have confirmed the malignant features and clinicopathological features of de novo colorectal cancer(CRC).AIM To provide assistance for diagnosis and treatment,but the lack of a summary of endoscopic features and assessment of risk factors that differ from the CIA prompted us to conduct this retrospective study.METHODS In total,167 patients with small-sized CRCs diagnosed by endoscopy were reviewed.The patients diagnosed as advanced CRCs and other malignant cancers or chronic diseases that could affect distant outcomes were excluded.After screening,63 cases were excluded,including 33 de novo and 30 CIA cases.Patient information,including their follow-up information,was obtained from an electronic His-system.The characteristics between two group and risk factors for invasion depth were analyzed with SPSS 25.0 software.RESULTS Nearly half of the de novo CRCs were smaller than 1 cm(n=16,48.5%)and the majority were located in the distal colon(n=26,78.8%).The IIc type was the most common macroscopic type of de novo CRC.In a Pearson analysis,the differential degree,Sano,JNET,and Kudo types,surrounding mucosa,and chicken skin mucosa(CSM)were correlated with the invasion depth(P<0.001).CSM was a significant risk factor for deep invasion and disturbed judgment of endoscopic ultrasound.A high degree of tumor budding and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are accompanied by malignancy.Finally,de novo CRCs have worse outcomes than CIA CRCs.CONCLUSION This is the first comprehensive study to analyze the features of de novo CRCs to distinguish them from nonneoplastic polyps.It is also the first study paying attention to CSM invasive depth measurement.This study emphasizes the high metastatic potential of de novo CRCs and highlights the need for more research on this tumor type.展开更多
BACKGROUND As a novel endogenous anti-angiogenic molecule, vasohibin 1(VASH1) is not only expressed in tumor stroma, but also in tumor tissue. Moreover, studies have shown that VASH1 may be a prognostic marker in colo...BACKGROUND As a novel endogenous anti-angiogenic molecule, vasohibin 1(VASH1) is not only expressed in tumor stroma, but also in tumor tissue. Moreover, studies have shown that VASH1 may be a prognostic marker in colorectal cancer(CRC). Knockdown of VASH1 enhanced transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)/Smad3 pathway activity and type Ⅰ/Ⅲ collagen production. Our previous findings suggest that ELL-associated factor 2(EAF2) may play a tumor suppressor and protective role in the development and progression of CRC by regulating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)/TGF-β1 signaling pathway. However, the functional role and mechanism of VASH1-mediated TGF-β1 related pathway in CRC has not been elucidated.AIM To investigate the expression of VASH1 in CRC and its correlation with the expression of EAF2. Furthermore, we studied the functional role and mechanism of VASH1 involved in the regulation and protection of EAF2 in CRC cells in vitro.METHODS We collected colorectal adenocarcinoma and corresponding adjacent tissues to investigate the clinical expression of EAF2 protein and VASH1 protein in patients with advanced CRC. Following, we investigated the effect and mechanism of EAF2 and VASH1 on the invasion, migration and angiogenesis of CRC cells in vitro using plasmid transfection.RESULTS Our findings indicated that EAF2 was down-regulated and VASH1 was upregulated in advanced CRC tissue compared to normal colorectal tissue. KaplanMeier survival analysis showed that the higher EAF2 Level group and the lower VASH1 Level group had a higher survival rate. Overexpression of EAF2 might inhibit the activity of STAT3/TGF-β1 pathway by up-regulating the expression of VASH1, and then weaken the invasion, migration and angiogenesis of CRC cells.CONCLUSION This study suggests that EAF2 and VASH1 may serve as new diagnostic and prognostic markers for CRC, and provide a clinical basis for exploring new biomarkers for CRC. This study complements the mechanism of EAF2 in CRC cells, enriches the role and mechanism of CRC cellderived VASH1, and provides a new possible subtype of CRC as a therapeutic target of STAT3/TGF-β1 pathway.展开更多
BACKGROUND Esophageal carcinoma is a highly aggressive digestive cancer responsible for a notable proportion of cancer-related deaths worldwide.Its elevated metastatic rate contributes to a poor prognosis in affected ...BACKGROUND Esophageal carcinoma is a highly aggressive digestive cancer responsible for a notable proportion of cancer-related deaths worldwide.Its elevated metastatic rate contributes to a poor prognosis in affected patients.In this case review,we aim to summarize the metastatic characteristics of intramural gastric metastasis(IGM)in mucosal esophageal squamous carcinoma.CASE SUMMARY A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a dry cough with an esophageal sensation for one year.Endoscopic examination revealed a 2.0 cm 1.0 cm,superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,and the patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).Fifteen months after ESD,positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed that the metabolism of the stomach cardia wall had increased slightly.However,the mucosa of the gastric cardia was smooth under gastroendoscopy.Two years after ESD,endoscopic examination revealed a giant gastric cardia carcinoma,while the esophageal mucosa was smooth,and no advanced cancer was found.A biopsy of the gastric cardia indicated squamous-cell carcinoma.The patient received immunochemotherapy and radiotherapy for esophageal cancer for 8 mo and is currently under follow-up.CONCLUSION Early-stage esophageal carcinoma with IGM is rare.Despite the ESD of the primary lesion,IGM may still occur and should be closely monitored after ESD.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the expression and prognostic role of pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDH) in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS:This study included 265 patients(194 male,71 female,mean age 59 years(range,29-81 years) with GC who u...AIM:To investigate the expression and prognostic role of pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDH) in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS:This study included 265 patients(194 male,71 female,mean age 59 years(range,29-81 years) with GC who underwent curative surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January 2006 to May 2007.All patients were followed up for more than 5 years.Patient-derived paraffin embedded GC specimens were collected for tissue microarrays(TMAs).We examined PDH expression by immunohistochemistry in TMAs containing tumor tissue and matched nonneoplastic mucosa.Immunoreactivity was evaluated independently by two researchers.Overall survival(OS) rates were determined using the Kaplan-Meier estimator.Correlations with other clinicopathologic factors were evaluated by two-tailed χ2 tests or a two-tailed t-test.The Cox proportional-hazard model was used in univariate analysis and multivariate analysis to identify factors significantly correlated with prognosis.RESULTS:Immunohistochemistry showed that 35.47% of total cancer tissue specimens had cytoplasmic PDH staining.PDH expression was much higher in normal mucosa specimens(75.09%;P = 0.001).PDH expression was correlated with Lauren grade(70.77% in intestinal type vs 40.0% in diffuse type;P = 0.001),lymph node metastasis(65.43% with no metastasis vs 51.09% with metastasis;P = 0.033),lymphatic invasion(61.62% with no invasion vs 38.81% with invasion;P = 0.002),histologic subtypes(70.77% in intestinal type vs 40.0% in diffuse type;P = 0.001) and tumor-node-metastasis(TNM) stage(39% in poorly differentiated vs 65.91% in well differentiated and 67.11% in moderately differentiated;P = 0.001) in GC.PDH expression in cancer tissue was significantly associated with higher OS(P < 0.001).The multivariate analysis adjusted for age,Lauren classification,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,histological type,tumor size,depth of invasion and lymphatic invasion showed that the PDH expression in GC was an independent prognostic factor for higher OS(HR = 0.608,95%CI:0.504-0.734,P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:Our study indicated that PDH expression is an independent prognostic factor in GC patients and that positive expression of PDH may be predictive of favorable outcomes.展开更多
BACKGROUND The androgen responsive gene,ELL-associated factor 2(EAF2),expressed in benign prostate tissues,has been shown to play an important role in tumor suppression in a variety of malignant tumors.In addition,som...BACKGROUND The androgen responsive gene,ELL-associated factor 2(EAF2),expressed in benign prostate tissues,has been shown to play an important role in tumor suppression in a variety of malignant tumors.In addition,some scholars found that EAF2 frameshift mutations are associated with intratumor heterogeneity in colorectal cancer(CRC)and inactivation of EAF2 in microsatellite instability-high CRC.However,the molecular mechanism by which EAF2 is involved in CRC invasion and metastasis remains unclear.AIM To determine the clinical value of expression of EAF2 protein in CRC,and to study the effects of EAF2 on the invasion,migration,and angiogenesis of CRC cells in vitro.METHODS In this study,we collected colorectal adenocarcinoma and corresponding adjacent tissues to investigate the clinical expression of EAF2 protein in patients with advanced CRC.Subsequently,we investigated the effect of EAF2 on the invasion,migration,and angiogenesis of CRC cells in vitro using plasmid transfection.RESULTS EAF2 protein was lowly expressed in cancer tissues of patients with advanced CRC.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the survival rate of the high EAF2 level group was higher than that of the low EAF2 level group.CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that EAF2,as a tumor suppressor,may inhibit the invasion,metastasis,and angiogenesis of CRC cells by regulating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/transforming growth factor-β1 crosstalk pathway,and play a cancer suppressive and protective role in the occurrence and development of CRC.Our findings are of great significance to provide a new idea and theoretical basis for the targeted diagnosis and treatment of CRC.展开更多
Background This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of resilience-promoting interventions among adolescents and youth aged 10-24 years with any type of diabetes.Methods A systematic literature search was performed usi...Background This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of resilience-promoting interventions among adolescents and youth aged 10-24 years with any type of diabetes.Methods A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,CINAHL,and PsycINFO databases from inception to May 25,2022.The Cochrane risk of bias tool(version 2)was used to assess the quality of the included studies.A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled effects of resilience-promoting interventions.Results Nineteen articles were included covering an overall sample of 2048 adolescents with diabetes.When analyzing the effectiveness of resilience-promoting interventions,hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)at six months[mean difference=-0.47,95%confidence interval(CI)=-0.83 to-0.12,P=0.009]after the intervention was improved.However,long-term(≥12 months)improvement in HbA1c was not significant.In addition,comparing the control group,there were significant differences in the effect size for stress[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-0.87,95%CI=-1.25 to-0.48,P<0.05],self-efficacy(SMD=0.50,95%CI=0.02-0.98,P=0.04)and quality of life(SMD=0.27,95%CI=0.03-0.51,P=0.03).Conclusions Resilience-promoting intervention is a promising way for adolescent diabetes management to improve HbA1c,stress,self-efficacy,and quality of life.Incorporating resilience-promoting components into diabetes education and re-enforcing these contents every six months are recommended for implementation in clinical practice.展开更多
基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China,No.2022-YGJC-71
文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopy has rapidly developed in recent years and has enabled further investigation into the origin and features of intestinal tumors.The small size and concealed position of these tumors make it difficult to distinguish them from nonneoplastic polyps and carcinoma in adenoma(CIA).The invasive depth and metastatic potential determine the operation regimen,which in turn affects the overall survival and distant prognosis.The previous studies have confirmed the malignant features and clinicopathological features of de novo colorectal cancer(CRC).AIM To provide assistance for diagnosis and treatment,but the lack of a summary of endoscopic features and assessment of risk factors that differ from the CIA prompted us to conduct this retrospective study.METHODS In total,167 patients with small-sized CRCs diagnosed by endoscopy were reviewed.The patients diagnosed as advanced CRCs and other malignant cancers or chronic diseases that could affect distant outcomes were excluded.After screening,63 cases were excluded,including 33 de novo and 30 CIA cases.Patient information,including their follow-up information,was obtained from an electronic His-system.The characteristics between two group and risk factors for invasion depth were analyzed with SPSS 25.0 software.RESULTS Nearly half of the de novo CRCs were smaller than 1 cm(n=16,48.5%)and the majority were located in the distal colon(n=26,78.8%).The IIc type was the most common macroscopic type of de novo CRC.In a Pearson analysis,the differential degree,Sano,JNET,and Kudo types,surrounding mucosa,and chicken skin mucosa(CSM)were correlated with the invasion depth(P<0.001).CSM was a significant risk factor for deep invasion and disturbed judgment of endoscopic ultrasound.A high degree of tumor budding and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are accompanied by malignancy.Finally,de novo CRCs have worse outcomes than CIA CRCs.CONCLUSION This is the first comprehensive study to analyze the features of de novo CRCs to distinguish them from nonneoplastic polyps.It is also the first study paying attention to CSM invasive depth measurement.This study emphasizes the high metastatic potential of de novo CRCs and highlights the need for more research on this tumor type.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.2023-MS-149.
文摘BACKGROUND As a novel endogenous anti-angiogenic molecule, vasohibin 1(VASH1) is not only expressed in tumor stroma, but also in tumor tissue. Moreover, studies have shown that VASH1 may be a prognostic marker in colorectal cancer(CRC). Knockdown of VASH1 enhanced transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)/Smad3 pathway activity and type Ⅰ/Ⅲ collagen production. Our previous findings suggest that ELL-associated factor 2(EAF2) may play a tumor suppressor and protective role in the development and progression of CRC by regulating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)/TGF-β1 signaling pathway. However, the functional role and mechanism of VASH1-mediated TGF-β1 related pathway in CRC has not been elucidated.AIM To investigate the expression of VASH1 in CRC and its correlation with the expression of EAF2. Furthermore, we studied the functional role and mechanism of VASH1 involved in the regulation and protection of EAF2 in CRC cells in vitro.METHODS We collected colorectal adenocarcinoma and corresponding adjacent tissues to investigate the clinical expression of EAF2 protein and VASH1 protein in patients with advanced CRC. Following, we investigated the effect and mechanism of EAF2 and VASH1 on the invasion, migration and angiogenesis of CRC cells in vitro using plasmid transfection.RESULTS Our findings indicated that EAF2 was down-regulated and VASH1 was upregulated in advanced CRC tissue compared to normal colorectal tissue. KaplanMeier survival analysis showed that the higher EAF2 Level group and the lower VASH1 Level group had a higher survival rate. Overexpression of EAF2 might inhibit the activity of STAT3/TGF-β1 pathway by up-regulating the expression of VASH1, and then weaken the invasion, migration and angiogenesis of CRC cells.CONCLUSION This study suggests that EAF2 and VASH1 may serve as new diagnostic and prognostic markers for CRC, and provide a clinical basis for exploring new biomarkers for CRC. This study complements the mechanism of EAF2 in CRC cells, enriches the role and mechanism of CRC cellderived VASH1, and provides a new possible subtype of CRC as a therapeutic target of STAT3/TGF-β1 pathway.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Science,No.2022-YGJC-71.
文摘BACKGROUND Esophageal carcinoma is a highly aggressive digestive cancer responsible for a notable proportion of cancer-related deaths worldwide.Its elevated metastatic rate contributes to a poor prognosis in affected patients.In this case review,we aim to summarize the metastatic characteristics of intramural gastric metastasis(IGM)in mucosal esophageal squamous carcinoma.CASE SUMMARY A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a dry cough with an esophageal sensation for one year.Endoscopic examination revealed a 2.0 cm 1.0 cm,superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,and the patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).Fifteen months after ESD,positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed that the metabolism of the stomach cardia wall had increased slightly.However,the mucosa of the gastric cardia was smooth under gastroendoscopy.Two years after ESD,endoscopic examination revealed a giant gastric cardia carcinoma,while the esophageal mucosa was smooth,and no advanced cancer was found.A biopsy of the gastric cardia indicated squamous-cell carcinoma.The patient received immunochemotherapy and radiotherapy for esophageal cancer for 8 mo and is currently under follow-up.CONCLUSION Early-stage esophageal carcinoma with IGM is rare.Despite the ESD of the primary lesion,IGM may still occur and should be closely monitored after ESD.
基金Grants from the research projects in Liaoning Province Science and Technology Department,No.2007225017,No.2009225011-2 and No.2011415052Science and Technology projects in Shenyang City,No.F11-264-1-19
文摘AIM:To investigate the expression and prognostic role of pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDH) in gastric cancer(GC).METHODS:This study included 265 patients(194 male,71 female,mean age 59 years(range,29-81 years) with GC who underwent curative surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January 2006 to May 2007.All patients were followed up for more than 5 years.Patient-derived paraffin embedded GC specimens were collected for tissue microarrays(TMAs).We examined PDH expression by immunohistochemistry in TMAs containing tumor tissue and matched nonneoplastic mucosa.Immunoreactivity was evaluated independently by two researchers.Overall survival(OS) rates were determined using the Kaplan-Meier estimator.Correlations with other clinicopathologic factors were evaluated by two-tailed χ2 tests or a two-tailed t-test.The Cox proportional-hazard model was used in univariate analysis and multivariate analysis to identify factors significantly correlated with prognosis.RESULTS:Immunohistochemistry showed that 35.47% of total cancer tissue specimens had cytoplasmic PDH staining.PDH expression was much higher in normal mucosa specimens(75.09%;P = 0.001).PDH expression was correlated with Lauren grade(70.77% in intestinal type vs 40.0% in diffuse type;P = 0.001),lymph node metastasis(65.43% with no metastasis vs 51.09% with metastasis;P = 0.033),lymphatic invasion(61.62% with no invasion vs 38.81% with invasion;P = 0.002),histologic subtypes(70.77% in intestinal type vs 40.0% in diffuse type;P = 0.001) and tumor-node-metastasis(TNM) stage(39% in poorly differentiated vs 65.91% in well differentiated and 67.11% in moderately differentiated;P = 0.001) in GC.PDH expression in cancer tissue was significantly associated with higher OS(P < 0.001).The multivariate analysis adjusted for age,Lauren classification,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,histological type,tumor size,depth of invasion and lymphatic invasion showed that the PDH expression in GC was an independent prognostic factor for higher OS(HR = 0.608,95%CI:0.504-0.734,P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:Our study indicated that PDH expression is an independent prognostic factor in GC patients and that positive expression of PDH may be predictive of favorable outcomes.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.2019-BS-279.
文摘BACKGROUND The androgen responsive gene,ELL-associated factor 2(EAF2),expressed in benign prostate tissues,has been shown to play an important role in tumor suppression in a variety of malignant tumors.In addition,some scholars found that EAF2 frameshift mutations are associated with intratumor heterogeneity in colorectal cancer(CRC)and inactivation of EAF2 in microsatellite instability-high CRC.However,the molecular mechanism by which EAF2 is involved in CRC invasion and metastasis remains unclear.AIM To determine the clinical value of expression of EAF2 protein in CRC,and to study the effects of EAF2 on the invasion,migration,and angiogenesis of CRC cells in vitro.METHODS In this study,we collected colorectal adenocarcinoma and corresponding adjacent tissues to investigate the clinical expression of EAF2 protein in patients with advanced CRC.Subsequently,we investigated the effect of EAF2 on the invasion,migration,and angiogenesis of CRC cells in vitro using plasmid transfection.RESULTS EAF2 protein was lowly expressed in cancer tissues of patients with advanced CRC.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the survival rate of the high EAF2 level group was higher than that of the low EAF2 level group.CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that EAF2,as a tumor suppressor,may inhibit the invasion,metastasis,and angiogenesis of CRC cells by regulating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/transforming growth factor-β1 crosstalk pathway,and play a cancer suppressive and protective role in the occurrence and development of CRC.Our findings are of great significance to provide a new idea and theoretical basis for the targeted diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72074008)King's College London-Peking University Health Science Center Joint Institute for Medical Research(No.BMU2021KCL003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Background This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of resilience-promoting interventions among adolescents and youth aged 10-24 years with any type of diabetes.Methods A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,CINAHL,and PsycINFO databases from inception to May 25,2022.The Cochrane risk of bias tool(version 2)was used to assess the quality of the included studies.A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled effects of resilience-promoting interventions.Results Nineteen articles were included covering an overall sample of 2048 adolescents with diabetes.When analyzing the effectiveness of resilience-promoting interventions,hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)at six months[mean difference=-0.47,95%confidence interval(CI)=-0.83 to-0.12,P=0.009]after the intervention was improved.However,long-term(≥12 months)improvement in HbA1c was not significant.In addition,comparing the control group,there were significant differences in the effect size for stress[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-0.87,95%CI=-1.25 to-0.48,P<0.05],self-efficacy(SMD=0.50,95%CI=0.02-0.98,P=0.04)and quality of life(SMD=0.27,95%CI=0.03-0.51,P=0.03).Conclusions Resilience-promoting intervention is a promising way for adolescent diabetes management to improve HbA1c,stress,self-efficacy,and quality of life.Incorporating resilience-promoting components into diabetes education and re-enforcing these contents every six months are recommended for implementation in clinical practice.
