Arsenic is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant.Microbe-mediated arsenic biotransformations significantly infuence arsenic mobility and toxicity.Arsenic transformations by soil and aquatic organisms have been well doc...Arsenic is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant.Microbe-mediated arsenic biotransformations significantly infuence arsenic mobility and toxicity.Arsenic transformations by soil and aquatic organisms have been well documented,while little is known regarding effects due to endophytic bacteria.An endophyte Pseudomonas putida ARS1 was isolated from rice grown in arsenic contaminated soil.P.putida ARS1 shows high tolerance to arsenite(As(Ⅲ))and arsenate(As(V)),and exhibits efficient As(V)reduction and As(Ⅲ)effux activities.When exposed to 0.6 mg/L As(V),As(V)in the medium was completely converted to As(Ⅲ)by P.putida ARS1 within 4 hr.Genome sequencing showed that P.putida ARS1 has two chromosomal arsenic resistance gene clusters(arsRCBH)that contribute to efficient As(V)reduction and As(Ⅲ)effux,and result in high resistance to arsenicals.Wolffia globosa is a strong arsenic accumulator with high potential for arsenic phytoremediation,which takes up As(Ⅲ)more efficiently than As(V).Co-culture of P.putida ARS1 and W.globosa enhanced arsenic accumulation in W.globosa by 69%,and resulted in 91%removal of arsenic(at initial concentration of 0.6 mg/L As(V))from water within 3 days.This study provides a promising strategy for in situ arsenic phytoremediation through the cooperation of plant and endophytic bacterium.展开更多
The microbiome contributes to multiple ecosystem functions and services through its interactions with a complex environment and other organisms.To date,however,most microbiome studies have been carried out on individu...The microbiome contributes to multiple ecosystem functions and services through its interactions with a complex environment and other organisms.To date,however,most microbiome studies have been carried out on individual hosts or particular environmental compartments.This greatly limits a comprehensive understanding of the processes and functions performed by the microbiome and its dynamics at an ecosystem level.We propose that the theory and tools of ecosystem ecology be used to investigate the connectivity of microorganisms and their interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment within entire ecosystems and to examine their contributions to ecosystem services.Impacts of natural and anthropogenic stressors on ecosystems will likely cause cascading effects on the microbiome and lead to unpredictable outcomes,such as outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases or changes in mutualistic interactions.Despite enormous advances in microbial ecology,we are yet to study microbiomes of ecosystems as a whole.Doing so would establish a new framework for microbiome study:Ecosystem Microbiome Science.The advent and application of molecular and genomic technologies,together with data science and modeling,will accelerate progress in this field.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.41991332,41977323 and 42090063)the National Institutes of Health (No.R35 GM136211)。
文摘Arsenic is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant.Microbe-mediated arsenic biotransformations significantly infuence arsenic mobility and toxicity.Arsenic transformations by soil and aquatic organisms have been well documented,while little is known regarding effects due to endophytic bacteria.An endophyte Pseudomonas putida ARS1 was isolated from rice grown in arsenic contaminated soil.P.putida ARS1 shows high tolerance to arsenite(As(Ⅲ))and arsenate(As(V)),and exhibits efficient As(V)reduction and As(Ⅲ)effux activities.When exposed to 0.6 mg/L As(V),As(V)in the medium was completely converted to As(Ⅲ)by P.putida ARS1 within 4 hr.Genome sequencing showed that P.putida ARS1 has two chromosomal arsenic resistance gene clusters(arsRCBH)that contribute to efficient As(V)reduction and As(Ⅲ)effux,and result in high resistance to arsenicals.Wolffia globosa is a strong arsenic accumulator with high potential for arsenic phytoremediation,which takes up As(Ⅲ)more efficiently than As(V).Co-culture of P.putida ARS1 and W.globosa enhanced arsenic accumulation in W.globosa by 69%,and resulted in 91%removal of arsenic(at initial concentration of 0.6 mg/L As(V))from water within 3 days.This study provides a promising strategy for in situ arsenic phytoremediation through the cooperation of plant and endophytic bacterium.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21936006 and 42021005)the Alliance of International Science Organizations(Grant No.ANSO-PA-2020-18).
文摘The microbiome contributes to multiple ecosystem functions and services through its interactions with a complex environment and other organisms.To date,however,most microbiome studies have been carried out on individual hosts or particular environmental compartments.This greatly limits a comprehensive understanding of the processes and functions performed by the microbiome and its dynamics at an ecosystem level.We propose that the theory and tools of ecosystem ecology be used to investigate the connectivity of microorganisms and their interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment within entire ecosystems and to examine their contributions to ecosystem services.Impacts of natural and anthropogenic stressors on ecosystems will likely cause cascading effects on the microbiome and lead to unpredictable outcomes,such as outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases or changes in mutualistic interactions.Despite enormous advances in microbial ecology,we are yet to study microbiomes of ecosystems as a whole.Doing so would establish a new framework for microbiome study:Ecosystem Microbiome Science.The advent and application of molecular and genomic technologies,together with data science and modeling,will accelerate progress in this field.
