Interleukin-17 SNPs and serum levels increase ulcerative colitis risk: A metaanalysis

AIM: To investigate the associations of interleukin-17 (IL-17) genetic polymorphisms and serum levels with ulcerative colitis (UC) risk.

Simulation Study of Passive Rod Diffusion in Active Bath:Nonmonotonic Length Dependence and Abnormal Translation-Rotation Coupling

Diffusion of tracer particles in active bath has attracted extensive attention in recent years.So far,most studies have considered isotropic spherical tracer particles,while the diffusion of anisotropic particles has rarely been involved.Here we investigate the diffusion dynamics of a rigid rod tracer in a bath of active particles by using Langevin dynamics simulations in a two-dimensional space.Particular attention is paid to how the translation(rotation)diffusion coefficient D_(T)(D_(R))change with the length of rod L and active strength Fa.In all cases,we find that rod exhibits superdiffusion behavior in a short time scale and returns to normal diffusion in the long time limit.Both D_(T) and D_(R) increase with Fa,but interestingly,a nonmonotonic dependence of D_(T)(D_(R))on the rod length has been observed.We have also studied the translation-rotation coupling of rod,and interestingly,a negative translation-rotation coupling is observed,indicating that rod diffuses more slowly in the parallel direction compared to that in the perpendicular direction,a counterintuitive phenomenon that would not exist in an equilibrium counterpart system.Moreover,this anomalous(diffusion)behavior is reentrant with the increase of Fa,suggesting two competitive roles played by the active feature of bath particles.

Emergent Swarming States in Active Particles System with Opposite Anisotropic Interactions

From the organization of animal flocks to the emergence of swarming behaviors in bacterial suspension,populations of motile organisms at all scales display coherent collective motion.Recent studies showed that the anisotropic interaction between active particles plays a key role in the phase behaviors.Here we investigate the collective behaviors of based-active Janus particles that experience an anisotropic interaction of which the orientation is opposite to the direction of active force by using Langevin dynamics simulations in two dimensional space.Interestingly,the system shows emergence of collective swarming states upon increasing the total area fraction of particles,which is not observed in systems without anisotropic interaction or activity.The threshold for emergence of swarming states decreases as particle activity or interaction strength increases.We have also performed basic kinetic analysis to reproduce the essential features of the simulation results.Our results demonstrate that anisotropic interactions at the individual level are sufficient to set homogeneous active particles into stable directed motion.