Preparation technology of Naoxueling capsules

Objective To optimize the preparation of the Naoxueling capsules.Methods To optimize the extraction of the Naoxueling prescription successively with alcohol and water,several principal ingredients in the final extracts were evaluated and data were analyzed by the orthogonal test.The capsule-molding process was investigated by measuring the angle of repose and the moisture absorption percentage.Results The optimum process of the alcohol extraction was the refluxing of herbs first in twelve-fold volume of 75% ethanol for 2 h,then in eight-fold volume of 75% ethanol for 1.5 h,and finally in seven-fold volume of 75% ethanol for 0.5 h.Meanwhile,the best water extraction was performed by boiling samples in twelve-fold amount of water for 2 h followed by another 1 h in eight-fold amount of water.To mold the capsule,the appropriate ratio of micro-powder to dextrin was 20:1.Conclusion The preparation technology of the Naoxueling capsules is reasonable and feasible,which provides evidences for the industrial manufacture.

10-23DRzs mediated by fluorescent silica nanoparticles inhibit expression of HBV

Objective To prepare fluorescent silica nanoparticles(FSNPs) carrying 10-23 deoxyribozymes(10-23DRzs) and to evaluate their inhibitory effect on human hepatitis B virus(HBV).Methods The FSNPs were prepared by microemulsion method and further modified by NaCl.Their diameter and the Zeta potential were tested.The HBV-specific 10-23DRzs were designed according to the sequences of S and C genes of HBV.The 10-23DRzs were connected to FSNPs,which constituted the FSNPs-DNA.The connecting efficiency and the protective effect of nanoparticles on 10-23DRzs were tested by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).The HepG2.2.15 cells were transfected by FSNPs-DNA,of which the inhibitory effects on HBsAg and HBeAg were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The nanoparticles were spherical and uniform in size,with a diameter of 220 nm and the surface Zeta potential of +15.2 mV.The combination of DNA and FSNPs effectively protected DNA from nuclease degradation.Transfection of FSNPs-DNA significantly inhibited the expression of HBV S and C genes compared to the liposome control group.Conclusion The FSNPs have been successfully prepared and efficiently connected to HBV-specific 10-23DRzs,which significantly inhibit the expression of HBV S and C genes in cell culture.

Effect of solution treatment on the martensitic transformation behavior of a Ni_(43)Co_7Mn_(39)Sn_(11) polycrystalline alloy

The effect of solution treatment on the martensitic transformation behavior of a Ni43Co7Mn39Sn11 polycrystalline alloy fabricated by an arc melting method was investigated by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDS）, and differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）. The examination indicates the presence of severe chemical segregation in the dendritic as-cast structure because of solidification. This chemical segregation completely impedes the intrinsic martensitic transformation. Annealing at 1223 K for 24 h is identified as the threshold annealing condition to eliminate the microstructural segregation and begin the martensitic transformation, as indicated by a broad and obscure feature. Annealing at 1273 K for 24–48 h is found to be effective at promoting notably the martensitic transformation, but the martensitic transformation exhibits a multiple-step feature. Complete homogeneity is achieved by annealing at 1273 K for 72 h, which produces a sharp, single-step martensitic transformation. The microstructural evolution and the valence electron concentrations of alloys（e/a ratio） are evaluated, which are reflective of the degree of compositional homogeneity of alloys, confirming that high annealing temperature and long holding time are vital to reveal the intrinsic martensitic behavior of this alloy. The adequately homogenized alloy displays a martensitic transformation at 292 K and an enthalpy of 11.2 J/g.

In vitro anti-hepatitis B virus activity screening of Gankang granule prescriptions

Objective To improve the compound--Gankang granules(GKGs) on the odor,taste and efficacy by decreasing 30% components and to prepare the new compound GKGs based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory.Methods The drug was extracted by the optimized technology ascertained in the previous studies.The cytotoxicity of the prescriptions was tested by MTT [3-(4,5-di-methylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium] assay,and the anti-hepatitis B virus(anti-HBV) activity was determined by ELISA(enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay) in vitro.Results In the human HBV-transfected liver cell line HepG2.2.15,the new GKGs did not show any cytotoxicity with the 50% cytotoxic concentration(TC50) of 7.131,1.756 and 1.809 mg/mL after treatment for 3,6 and 9 days respectively,which was obviously higher than that in the human liver cell line HepG2.Moreover,they effectively suppressed the secretion of the HBV antigens with the TI of 8.519,5.730 and 7.066 for HBsAg,and 1.723,12.839 and 47.65 for HBeAg at day 3,6 and 9 respectively.This effect was as good as that of the old GKGs.On the 6th and 9th day,the rate of HBeAg inhibition exceeded 90% even with the concentration as low as 0.16 mg/mL,which was similar to that of the old GKGs.Conclusions These results reflect that the new GKGs precede the old GKGs by much lower cytotoxicity with similar anti-HBV activity,which provides reliable evidences for further pharmacological and toxicological exploration on this new compound.

Durable response to pulsatile icotinib for central nervous system metastases from EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer: A case report

BACKGROUND Central nervous system(CNS) metastases are a catastrophic complication of nonsmall cell lung cancer(NSCLC), including brain and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, and are always accompanied by a poor prognosis. Despite the continuous development of existing treatments, the therapy of CNS metastases remains challenging.CASE SUMMARY We report a patient who was definitively diagnosed with brain and leptomeningeal metastases from NSCLC with a targeted mutation in epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR). A standard dosage of icotinib(125 mg three times daily) was implemented but ineffective. CNS lesions developed despite stable systemic control, so pulsatile icotinib(1125 mg every 3 d) was administered. This new strategy for administration has lasted 25 mo so far, and resulted in complete remission of neurological symptoms, almost vanished lesions, and longer survival with no notable side effects.CONCLUSION This is the first successful example of pulsatile icotinib for treating isolated CNS progression from EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC, providing a new alternative for the local treatment of CNS metastases.

陆地棉体细胞胚胎发生过程中基因差异表达

Somatic embryogenesis in upland cotton is strongly genotype-dependent, which is a trouble in cotton genetic engineering. Cloning genes related to somatic embryogenesis and then introducing the gene into mainly cultivated varieties would be greatly helpful for cotton improvement by gene transfer. To study the gene expression during somatic embryogenesis will lay a good basis for the cloning of the genes. ……

Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 aggravates pancreatic cancer through upregulation of far upstream element binding protein 1 by sponging microRNA-26a-5p

Background:Pancreatic cancer(PC)is a highly deadly malignancy with few effective therapies.We aimed to unmask the role that long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 6(SNHG6)plays in PC cells by targeting far upstream element binding protein 1(FUBP1)via microRNA-26a-5p(miR-26a-5p).Methods::SNHG6 expression was predicted by bioinformatics,followed by verification via reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Then,the interactions among SNHG6,miR-26a-5p,and FUBP1 were detected through online software analysis,dual luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down.After that,cells were treated with different small interfering RNAs and/or mimic to determine the interactions among SNHG6,miR-26a-5p,and FUBP1 and their roles in PC cells.Finally,the role of SNHG6 in tumor growth in vivo was evaluated by measuring the growth and weight of transplanted tumors in nude mice.A t-test,one-way and two-way analysis of variance were used for data analysis.Results::Compared with that in normal tissues,SNHG6 was highly expressed in PC tissues(1.00±0.05 vs.1.56±0.06,t=16.03,P<0.001).Compared with that in human pancreatic duct epithelial cells(HPDE6-C7),SNHG6 showed the highest expression in PANC-1 cells(1.00±0.06 vs.3.87±0.13,t=34.72,P<0.001)and the lowest expression in human pancreatic cancer cells(MIAPaCa-2)(1.00±0.06 vs.1.41±0.07,t=7.70,P=0.0015).Compared with the levels in the si-negative control group,SNHG6(0.97±0.05 vs.0.21±0.06,t=16.85,P<0.001),N-cadherin(0.74±0.05 vs.0.41±0.04,t=8.93,P<0.001),Vimentin(0.55±0.04 vs.0.25±0.03,t=10.39,P<0.001),andβ-catenin(0.62±0.05 vs.0.32±0.03,t=8.91,P<0.001)were decreased,while E-cadherin(0.65±0.06 vs.1.36±0.07,t=13.34,P<0.001)was increased after SNHG6 knockdown or miR-26a-5p overexpression,accompanied by inhibited cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.SNHG6 overexpression exerted the opposite effects.SNHG6 upregulated FUBP1 expression by sponging miR-26a-5p.Silencing SNHG6 blocked the growth of PC in vivo.Conclusion::Silencing SNHG6 might ameliorate PC through inhibition of FUBP1 by sponging miR-26a-5p,thus providing further supporting evidence for its use in PC treatment.